To solve this we must be knowing each and every concept related to inference. Therefore, in below given ways we can define an inference.
What is an inference?In Physics, interference is defined as a phenomena wherein waves superpose to generate a consequent wave of larger, lower, or equal amplitude. Both destructive and constructive interference both emerge from the interplay of waves that are related and coherent with one another according to their origin.
We know that constructive interference occurs when two waves combine to form a large wave, and destructive interference occurs when two waves cancel each other. The following graph depicts the distinction between the two forms of interference:
Therefore, in above given ways we can define an inference.
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what is Avogadro's number
Avogadro’s wide variety, the wide variety of gadgets in a single mole of any substance (described as its molecular weight in grams), is the same as 6.02214076 × 1023. The gadgets can be electrons, atoms, ions, or molecules, relying on the character of the substance and the individual of the reaction (if any).
Avogadro's Law
Avogadro's law states that an "equal volume of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules"
For example:-
18g of water = 1 mole = 6.022* 10²³ molecules of water
1.008g of hydrogen = 1 mole = 6.022 *10²³ atoms of hydrogen
96.06g of SO₄²- ion = 6.022*10²³ ions of SO₄²-.
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of the compounds below, __________ has the smallest ionic separation.
Potassium Chloride has the smallest ionic separation because it has a smaller ionic radius than the other compounds.
Potassium Chloride has an ionic radius of 181 pm, while the other compounds have ionic radii of 186 pm (Sodium Chloride), 230 pm (Magnesium Chloride), and 272 pm (Calcium Chloride).
The ionic radius of an atom is a measure of the size of its ion when it is part of an ionic compound, such as a salt. Ionic radius is typically measured in picometers (pm). Potassium Chloride (KCl) has an ionic radius of 181 pm, while Sodium Chloride (NaCl) has an ionic radius of 186 pm, Magnesium Chloride (MgCl2) has an ionic radius of 230 pm, and Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) has an ionic radius of 272 pm. Therefore, Potassium Chloride has the smallest ionic separation when compared to the other compounds.
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PLEASE HELP! explain how magma produces different types of volcanoes.
The form of the volcano is determined by the rate and severity of eruptions, as well as the composition of the magma. Some volcanic eruptions are explosive, while others flow slowly. Eruptions might occur through a primary opening at the volcano's summit or through vents that arise on the volcano's slopes.
Magma is shaped via way of means of the partial melting of mantle rocks. As the rocks travel upward (or have water added to them), they begin to melt slightly. These little blobs of melt migrate upward and merge into bigger volumes that continue to travel higher.
They might congregate in a magma chamber or come straight up. Gas molecules in the magma come out of the solution and form bubbles as they rise, and the bubbles expand as they ascend. When the pressure from these bubbles becomes greater than the pressure from the surrounding solid rock, the surrounding rock cracks, enabling the magma to reach the surface.
Volcanoes may be located on both land and the ocean floor. When volcanoes erupt on the ocean floor, the expelled lava cools and solidifies, forming underwater mountains and mountain ranges. When volcanoes on the ocean floor grow large enough to rise above the water's surface, they form islands.
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Translate the triangle.
Then enter the new coordinates.
C (5,2)
<-6,1 >
B(6,1)
A (8,4)
'A' ([?], [])
B'([_], [_])
C'([ ], [ ])
In the graph, the triangle is shown. The new coordination is A' (-3,3) B' (-2,-1) C' (-6, -2).
What is coordination?The first quadrant, second quadrant, third quadrant, and fourth quadrant are the only names given to the four quadrants of the coordinate plane.
Start at the point, then move up or down a vertical line until you reach the x-axis. Your x-coordinate is shown there. To get the y-coordinate, repeat the previous step while adhering to a horizontal line.
Simply put, coordinates are the numbers that identify each X, Y, and optionally Z position of an object. Its metric refers to the set of coordinates that characterizes an object.
Therefore, the new coordinations are A' (-3,3) B' (-2,-1) C' (-6, -2).
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draw the product for the hydroxylation of a mixture of cis- and trans-3-methyl-2-hexene.
A mixture of cis- and trans-3-methyl-2-hexene is hydroxylated, as shown in the diagram below. The most common definition of hydroxylation in chemistry is a chemical process.
A hydroxyl group is added to an organic molecule as a result (OH).The degree of hydroxylation refers to how many OH groups are present in a given molecule (ii). the process of hydroxylation. A hydrocarbon utilised in organic chemistry is hexene, which has the chemical formula C6H12. A chemical with two carbon atoms joined by a double bond is known as an alkene, and the prefix "-ene" denotes its presence. The word "hex" comes from the fact that the molecule has six carbon atoms in it.
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What two questions remained about Wegener's ideas that kept scientists from accepting his theory
The two questions were:
What was the mechanism that caused the continents to move? How did the continents move without breaking up the Earth's crust? What are Wegener's ideas?Generally, Wegener's theory of continental drift, which proposed that the Earth's continents have moved over time and are still moving, was not immediately accepted by the scientific community when it was first proposed in the early 20th century. There were several reasons for this, but two of the main questions that remained about Wegener's ideas were:
What was the mechanism that caused the continents to move? Wegener proposed that the continents "drifted" on the Earth's surface, but he did not have a satisfactory explanation for the forces that would cause this movement.How did the continents move without breaking up the Earth's crust? Wegener's theory required the continents to plow through the rock of the Earth's crust as they moved, but this seemed unlikely given the solid nature of the crust.These questions and other issues with Wegener's theory kept most scientists from accepting it until the mid-20th century when the theory of plate tectonics was developed and provided a more complete and satisfactory explanation for the movement of the continents.
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A metal such with a face-centered cubic lattice will have ________________ atom(s) per unit cell. A)1 B)2 C)3 D)4 E)10
A face-centered cubic (FCC) lattice has 8 corners, each corner having an atom, and 6 faces, each face having an atom.
Therefore, there are 8+6=14 atoms in the unit cell. Since the atoms at the corners are shared with other cells, each unit cell has 4 unique atoms.
The answer is D) 4 atoms per unit cell.
A face-centered cubic (FCC) lattice has 8 corners, each corner having an atom, and 6 faces, each face having an atom. Therefore, there are 14 atoms in the unit cell. Since the atoms at the corners are shared with other cells, each unit cell has 4 unique atoms, meaning a metal such with a face-centered cubic lattice will have 4 atom(s) per unit cell.
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identify the lewis acid in the following reaction: pt2+(aq)+4nh3(aq)⇌pt(nh3)42+(aq)
The Lewis acid in the reaction Pt²⁺(aq) + 4NH₃(aq) ⇌ Pt(NH₃)₄²⁺(aq) is Pt²⁺(aq).
A Lewis acid is defined as a chemical species that has an empty orbital that is able to accept a lone pair of electrons from a Lewis base to form a Lewis adduct.
Lewis acids are electron pair acceptors, whereas Lewis bases are electron pair donors. Examples of Lewis acids include metal cations, electron-deficient molecules such as boron trifluoride (BF3) and aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and certain types of organic molecules such as carbenes.
For the given reaction Pt²⁺(aq) + 4NH₃(aq) ⇌ Pt(NH₃)₄²⁺(aq), the Lewis acid is Pt²⁺ (aq).
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Ionic Compounds
Recall, non-metals form
ions called
ions called
and metals form
Metals and non-metals bond because
the metals want to get rid of extra electrons and the non-metals want to gain extra
electrons so that both can have a full outer electron shell. For example:
Answer:
non metal forms anions
metals for cations
nonmetals and metals bond because of electron transfer
an example is NaCl(Sodium chloride)
Which of the following is a characteristic of reliable scientific study?
1. It is reported in scientific journals and websites.
2. It is based on the work of a famous scientist.
3. It is a part of a marketing campaign.
4. It is cited by at least one researcher.
Calculate the solubility of Mg(OH)2(s) in g/L in an aqueous solution buffered at pH = 8.60. The Ksp of Mg(OH)2 is 5.61 � 10�12 M3.
The solubility of Mg(OH)2 in g/L in an aqueous solution buffered at pH = 8.60, we can use the Ksp expression for the compound and the relationship is 3.26*10^7 g/L..
Ksp (Mg(OH)2) = [Mg2+][OH-]^2 = 5.61 * 10^-12 M3
At pH = 8.60, the concentration of hydroxide ions can be calculated using the following equation:
pH = -log[OH-]
so [OH-] = 10^-8.60
We can then use the Ksp expression and the concentration of hydroxide ions to find the solubility of Mg(OH)2:
5.61 * 10^-12 = [Mg2+][OH-]^2
= Mg2+^2
= [Mg2+] (10^-17.2)
The solubility of Mg(OH)2 in molarity is [Mg2+] = Ksp/[OH-]^2
so [Mg2+] = 5.6110^-12 / (10^-17.2) = 5.6110^5 M
To convert the solubility from molarity to g/L, we can use the formula
g/L = molarity * molar mass
The molar mass of Mg(OH)2 = 58.32 g/mol
so the solubility of Mg(OH)2 in g/L is:
solubility = 5.61 * 10^5 * 58.32 = 3.26 * 10^7 g/L
So the solubility of Mg(OH)2 in an aqueous solution buffered at pH = 8.60 is approximately 3.26*10^7 g/L.
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consider the decomposition of gaseous n2o4: n2o4(g)→2no2(g) δh∘ = +55.3 kj, δs∘ = +175.7 j/k. Estimate the temperature at which the reaction becomes spontaneous.Show work i just need to know how to calculate this, my method isnt working.
The temperature at which a reaction becomes spontaneous can be estimated by using the Gibbs free energy equation is 314 K
Gibbs free energy equation:
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
where ΔG is the change in Gibbs free energy, ΔH is the change in enthalpy, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and ΔS is the change in entropy.
A spontaneous reaction occurs when ΔG is negative, which means that the free energy of the system is decreasing.
Given the information provided, we have:
ΔH = +55.3 kJ
ΔS = +175.7 J/K
We can use the equation above to find the temperature at which the reaction becomes spontaneous:
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
Now we can solve for T:
T = ΔH/ΔS = 55.3 kJ / 175.7 J/K = 314 K
So the temperature at which the reaction becomes spontaneous is approximately 314 Kelvin or 40.85 Celsius.
It's important to note that this is only an estimation, and the actual temperature at which the reaction becomes spontaneous could be different due to other factors such as the pressure and concentration of the reactants and products.
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Draw the Lewis structure for a carbon monosulfide (CS) molecule
The Lewis structure for a carbon monosulfide (CS) molecule is attached in the attachment below.
What are Lewis structure?Lewis structures are also called as electron dot structures and can be drawn if the molecular formula of a compound is known. It provides information regarding the nature of bond and the position of atoms .
They are also capable of exhibiting the lone pair if any present in a molecule or compound.Lewis defined a base to be an electron pair donor and an acid to be an electron pair acceptor.
They are capable of reflecting electronic structure of elements and even the pairing of electrons . In the diagram, each dot represents an electron while a pair of dots represent a bond between the atoms.
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True or False, an organism with iscap+p+o+z+y+a+/f’i+ will have a normal functioning lac operon.
An organism with IsCAP+P+O+Z+Y+A+/F’I+ will have a normal functioning Lac operon is false. It will have negative dominant repressor.
The Lac operon include the genes that involved in the metabolism. An organism with IsCAP+P+O+Z+Y+A+/F’I+ will have a normal functioning Lac operon is false. It will have negative dominant repressor. It will bind to operator in the presence of the lactose. The gene expressed if only when the lactose will be present and the glucose is absent.
The DNA will be released by the repressor, that allow the operator freely. The RNA polymerase sent to through the operator to see the structural elements.
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Some people with alcohol dependence report that just the smell of alcohol creates a powerful sense of well-being, increasing the desire to drink the alcohol. Explain this reaction using a classical conditioning model, and describe one possible way to decrease the reaction. Use the following terms in your answer:.
Some people with alcohol dependence report that just the smell of alcohol creates a powerful sense of well-being, increasing the desire to drink the alcohol because of The UCR to the UCS of alcohol is a sense of well-being, and the CS of alcohol is likely to eventually elicit the CR of a sense of well-being.
Without any prior conditioning, UCS automatically cause (UCR) a sense of well-being. Alcohol (UCS) causes the UCR.
The UCR (feeling of well-being) is likely to eventually be evoked by the smell of alcohol because it is frequently coupled with actual alcohol (UCS). The UCR to the UCS of alcohol is a sense of well-being, and the CS of alcohol is likely to eventually elicit the CR of a sense of well-being.
The conditioned response will be eliminated by repeatedly pairing the CS (alcohol smell) with the UCS (alcohol) (CR). As a result, extinction has occurred.
Your question is incomplete but most probably your full question was
Some people with alcohol dependence report that just the smell of alcohol creates a powerful sense of well-being, increasing the desire to drink the alcohol. Explain this reaction using a classical conditioning model, and describe one possible way to decrease the reaction. Use the following terms in your answer:
A. Unconditioned stimulus
B. Unconditioned response
D. Conditioned stimulus
E. Conditioned response
F. Extinction
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Convert 8.5 grams of Cu(OH)2 to particles.
Answer:
molar mass of Cu(OH)2 is 97.561 means 1 mole of Cu(OH)2 mass is 97.561
so 1gm of Cu(OH)2 have 1/97.561 mole
by unitary method no of moles in Cu(OH)2 is
8.5*1/97.561=0.087 moles
1 mole of Cu(OH)2 has 6.23*10^23 no of molecules of Cu(OH)2
so 0.087 has 0.087*6*10^23=0.522*10^23 or 5.22*10^22(in scientific notation)
Explanation:i hope it helps btw i am from india
how many protons, neutrons, and electrons are there in a neutral atom of 30p (phosphorus-30)?
There are 30 protons, 30 electrons and 31 neutrons in a neutral atom of 30p (phosphorus-30).
What is atom?Every atom is made up of a nucleus and one or more electrons that are attached to the nucleus. One or more protons and a number of neutrons make up the nucleus. Only the most prevalent kind of hydrogen is neutron-free. Every solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is made up of atoms that are either neutral or ionized. An atom is a matter particle that specifies a chemical element uniquely. An atom is made up of a central nucleus and one or more negatively charged electrons. The nucleus is positively charged and contains one or more protons and neutrons, which are relatively heavy particles.
Here,
A neutral atom of 30p has 30 protons, 30 electrons, and 31 neutrons (phosphorus-30).
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Determine the shape and approximate bond angles for a compound that has a central carbon atom with double bonds to two sulfur atoms
Municipal water districts regulate the concentration of chemicals in the water. How might living
organisms be exposed to the chemicals that are released in wastewater?
Sewage discharge that enters surface waters contains a number of harmful organisms that may cause the spread of waterborne diseases.
What are waterborne diseases ?Recreational or drinking water that has been contaminated with disease-causing organisms or pathogens is what causes waterborne sickness. It should be noted that many aquatic infections can also spread from person to person, by contact with animals or their surroundings, or by consuming tainted food or beverages.
Waterways are also contaminated by chemicals and heavy metals from industrial and municipal wastes. These pollutants, which are poisonous to aquatic life and frequently shorten an organism's life span and capacity for reproduction, move up the food chain as predators devour their prey.
Thus, Sewage discharge that enters surface waters contains a number of harmful organisms that may cause the spread of waterborne diseases.
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uestion 3 Which of the following polyatomic ions has a positive charge? ammonium ion phosphate ion hydroxide ion nitrate ion
The polyatomic ion that carries a positive charge is the ammonium ion ( NH 4 + ) .
In general , Polyatomic ions are having important formulas, names, and charges that should be memorized. During formation of ammonium ion, these nitrogen atom helps to gains a positive charge when they loose lone pair of electrons. When ammonium ion carries a positive charge, then it is known as ammonium cation.
Hence, when special type of ionic compound is embellished by ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), that contains two polyatomic ions, NH4+ and NO3−. So the polyatomic ion is a charged and composed of several atoms bound together.
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Did an oxidation-reduction reaction occur in the reaction between copper sulfate and sodium sulfide? cuso4 na2s → cus na2so4
Due to the fact that no electrons were transported, this was not a redox reaction.
A chemical reaction known as an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction includes the exchange of electrons between two substances. Any chemical reaction in which the oxidation number of a molecule, atom, or ion changes by acquiring or losing an electron is referred to as an oxidation-reduction reaction.A redox reaction is when there is simultaneous oxidation and reduction. CuO+H2→Cu+H2O. Example: In this process, hydrogen is oxidized to water while copper oxide is reduced to copper.
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The right answer is D. Due to the fact that no electrons were transferred, this was not a redox reaction.
By calculating the oxidation number of each atom on both sides of the arrow, we can determine whether a reaction is a redox reaction.
This is not a redox reaction because the oxidation number of any atom remains constant.
An oxidation-reduction reaction is any chemical process in which a molecule, atom, or ion experiences a change in its oxidation number as a result of gaining or losing an electron.
+2 +6 -2 +1 -2 +2 -2 +1 +6 -2
Cu S O4 + Na2 S → Cu S + Na2 S O4
When oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously, this is known as a redox reaction. CuO+H2-Cu+H2O. In this process, for instance, copper oxide is reduced to copper, while hydrogen is oxidised to water.
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Hydrogen peroxide does NOT make a good antiseptic for open wounds because __________.
a. catalase in human tissues neutralizes it
b. it evaporates too quickly
c. it is too toxic for human cells
d. it is too expensive for this type of use
Answer:
Hydrogen peroxide does not make a good antiseptic for open wounds because catalase in human tissues neutralizes it.
Explanation:
The neutralization of hydrogen peroxide by the enzyme catalase present in the cells of an open wound can cause damage to the cells and impede the healing process, making hydrogen peroxide not a good antiseptic for open wounds.
When it comes in contact with the living tissue, the enzyme catalase catalyzes the breakdown of the hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. This process can generate heat and cause damage to the cells in the area. Additionally, the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide can also generate free radicals, which can further damage the cells in the wound. Furthermore, the neutralization of hydrogen peroxide by catalase can cause the wound to dry out, making it more difficult for new cells to grow and the wound to heal.
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Sodium and chlorine react to form sodium chloride:
2Na(s)+Cl2(g)→2NaCl(s)
What is the theoretical yield of sodium chloride when 36.0 g Na reacts with 75.2 g Cl2?
the theoretical yield of sodium chloride when 36.0 g Na reacts with 75.2 g Cl2 is 91.5g of NaCl.
Molar mass of Na= 22.99
Molar mass of Cl= 35.45
So we have 36/22.99 moles of sodium and 75.3/35.45 moles of chlorine which makes 1.566 moles of Sodium and 2.124 moles of Chlorine. To form sodium chloride, one atom of sodium reacts with one atom of chlorine, so 1.566 moles of sodium will react with 1.566 moles of chlorine. Excess chlorine is 2.124 - 1.566 moles or 0.558 moles. Therefore, all 1.566 moles or 36 grams of sodium will react with 1.566 times 35.45 grams of chlorine or 55.515 to produce 91.51 grams of NaCl.
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Convert 9.2 grams of Cu(OH)2 to mols
molar mass of Cu(OH)2 is 97.561 means 1 mole of Cu(OH)2 mass is 97.561
so 1gm of Cu(OH)2 have 1/97.561 moles
by unitary method no of moles in Cu(OH)2 is
9.2*1/97.561=0.094 mole
i hope it helps btw i am from india
If zn and h2so4 undergo a single-displacement reaction, what is the balanced equation?.
A single replacement reaction is one in which one element is replaced by another. The reaction in the balanced equation is Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq) ZnSO4(aq) + H2 (g).
When an element from a compound is replaced by another element from the reactant to create a product, the reaction is referred to as a single displacement.The replacement or substitution is determined by the activity series or reactivity. The weaker and less powerful element will be replaced with the more powerful one.The equation for the balanced single-displacement response isH2SO4(aq) + Zn(s) ZnSO4(aq) + H2 (g)Here, zinc replaces hydrogen because it is more reactive than hydrogen and creates zinc sulfate as a result.Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq) ZnSO4(aq) + H2(g), is the best choice.Learn more about the single-displacement reaction here:
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A single displacement reaction is one in which one element is replaced by another. The reaction in the balanced equation is Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq) ZnSO4(aq) + H2 (g). So, choice B is the right one.
When an element from a compound is replaced by another element from the reactant to create a product, the reaction is referred to as a single displacement reaction.
The replacement or substitution is determined by the activity series or reactivity. The weaker and less powerful element will be replaced by the one with greater strength.
The equation for the balanced single-displacement reaction is
H2SO4(aq) + Zn(s) ZnSO4(aq) + H2 (g)
Here, zinc replaces hydrogen because it is more reactive than hydrogen and creates zinc sulphate as a result.
The balanced equation is therefore option B: Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq) ZnSO4(aq) + H2(g).
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undergoing nucleophilic acyl substitution with methanol under reflux conditions to form butanoic acid with a methyl ester substituent on carbon 4. Which structure was most likely the starting CA derivative
Under acidic or basic circumstances, carboxylic acid (CA) derivatives can undergo nucleophilic acyl substitution. Therefore nucleophilic acyl substitution is most likely the starting CA derivative.
A reaction known as nucleophilic acyl substitution occurs when a nucleophile creates a new bond with an acyl group's carbonyl carbon while simultaneously rupturing the bond between the carbonyl carbon and a leaving group. Due to the fact that a bond is being formed and broken on the same carbon, this reaction is categorised as a substitution.
Anhydrides undergo nucleophilic acyl substitution and are cleaved into two molecules: A carboxylic acid and either an ester or amide, if the nucleophile is an alcohol, or an amine, respectively.
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One molecule of dietary fat is made by joining three molecules of to one molecule of . What is the formal name of the resulting molecule
The formal name of the resulting molecule is a triacylglycerol, also known as a triglyceride. This molecule is formed when three molecules of fatty acids and one molecule of glycerol join together through a process called esterification.
Formation of TriacylglycerA triacylglycerol, also known as a triglyceride, is a type of dietary fat molecule composed of three molecules of fatty acid joined to one molecule of glycerol. This molecule is formed through a process called esterification, which involves the reaction of a fatty acid with an alcohol, such as glycerol, to form an ester bond. This bond is what holds the molecules of fatty acid and glycerol together to form the triacylglycerol molecule. Triacylglycerols are an important source of energy for the body, and are a major component of many foods, such as oils, butter, and margarine. In addition, triacylglycerols are used in the body to store energy, and are used as a building block for other types of molecules, such as lipoprotein and cholesterol.
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which statement correctly decribes microscopes?
The correct statements that describes microscope are as follows:
Microscopes make small things appear larger (option 1).Hans and Zacharias Janssen created the first microscope (option 3). A lens is a transparent material that helps show the details of things observed (option 4). What is a microscope?A microscope is an optical instrument used for observing small objects.
It is an instrument that can be used to observe small objects that cannot be seen with the unaided eye. The image of an object is magnified through at least one lens in the microscope. This lens bends light toward the eye and makes an object appear larger than it actually is.
Therefore, it can be said that options 1, 3 and 4 are the true descriptions of a microscope.
The options to the incomplete question are as follows:
Microscopes make small things appear largerMagnification makes something look smallerHans and Zacharias Janssen created the first microscopeA lens is a transparent material that helps show the details of things observedThe first microscope was made of two tubes with lenses at the endsLearn more about microscopes at: https://brainly.com/question/18661784
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I need help please please please
The toxic chemicals is different from the safe chemical because the stronger attraction between it's molecule than the safe chemical.it molecule now move away from each. The correct option is C
What is toxic chemical?Toxic chemical can be defined as a substance that can be poisonous or cause health effects. Some examples of toxic chemical include ammonia, acid, bleach, chlorine, and carbon monoxide.
Therefore toxins are substances created by plants and animals that are poisonous to humans. Toxins may also include some medicines that are helpful in small doses but poisonous in large amounts.
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When an anion like F gains an electron what element is its outer valence electron configuration like ?
Fluorine have 7 valence electrons. When it gains one electron, the its outer electronic configuration becomes similar to that of neon.
What is fluorine?Fluorine is 9th element in periodic table. It have total 9 electrons of which 2 are inner electrons and 7 are valence electrons. Fluorine is a 17th group element and is highly electronegative.
According to octet rule, when elements gains 8 electron in its valence shell they become stable. Hence, fluorine need one more electron to acquire octet.
Neon is 10th element having 8 valence electrons. When Fluorine gain an electron. Its valence electron configuration becomes that of the neon.
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