Answer:
$28,000 or $18,000
Explanation:
BOB OS THE BEST PERSON IN THE WORLD
If your COA is $10,000 and your EFC is $5,000, for example, you cannot get more need-based assistance than $5,000.
Your Expected Family Contribution (EFC), an index number, will determine your eligibility for federal student financial aid.
Describe EFC?Your Expected Family Contribution (EFC), an index number, will determine your eligibility for federal student financial aid.This amount was calculated using the information you provided on your Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) form.According to the government, your EFC should be higher the more you can afford to pay for college.If one's EFC score is high, they will be eligible for less need-based federal financial aid for college.Your EFC is determined using a method that takes into consideration the family's benefits, assets, and both taxable and untaxable income.Learn more about EFC refer to:
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on november 1st, chipotle corp. received a $2,000 note from a customer with a rate of 9% interest that is due in six months. the adjusting entry on december 31st for this note receivable would be:
The adjusting entry of interest rates on december 31st for this note receivable would be: $7,000.
What are interest rates?
In relation to the amount lent, deposited, or borrowed, the amount of interest payable each period is expressed as an interest rate (called the principal sum). The amount lent or borrowed, as well as the interest payment, frequency of compounding, and the period of time during which it is lent, deposited, or borrowed, all affect how much interest will be charged overall. The rate calculated over a twelve-month period is the annual interest rate. Other interest rates are applicable over longer time frames, such a month or a day, although they are typically annualized.The interest rate has been described as "an measure reflecting the preference... for a dollar of now [income] over a dollar of future income."
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a sheep farm produces $30 worth of wool. a suit manufacturer produces $60 worth of suits. a retail outlet sells a suit to a customer for $180. the change in gdp would be
How many job openings are projected for Community Health Workers across the
United States between 2019-2029?
64,900
7,600
362,600
2,109
the costs of restructuring an asset so that it has new capabilities, but where it is uncertain if the restructuring will provide future benefits, should be
The expenses of reworking an asset to give it new capabilities should be considered when it is unclear whether the reworking will result in future advantages is depreciated over future periods benefited and capitalised.
Throw light on the concept of depreciation of assets.The accounting approach of depreciation can be used to spread out a tangible item's cost over the period of its useful life using the accounting approach of depreciation. Depreciation indicates how much of an asset's worth has been expended. It makes it possible for companies to buy assets over a predetermined period of time and profit from those assets.
Equipment and machinery are expensive assets. Companies can utilize depreciation to spread out the cost of an asset rather than realizing the entire cost in the first year, and to match corresponding revenues and expenses in the same reporting year.This makes it possible for a company to depreciate an asset's value over time, especially during its useful life.
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yamaha incorporated hires a new chief financial officer and promises to pay him a lump-sum bonus four years after he joins the company. the new cfo insists that the company invest an amount of money at the beginning of each year in a 7% fixed rate investment fund to insure the bonus will be available. to determine the amount that must be invested each year, a computation must be made using the formula for:
To determine the amount that must be invested each year, a computation must be made using the formula for the future value of an annuity due. The future value of an annuity can be described as the sum of the future value of each payment.
Investing can be defined as the process of buying assets that increase in value over time and provide returns in the form of income capital gains or payments. The equation for the future value of an annuity due is the sum of the geometric sequence, or can be written as A(1 + r)1 + A(1 + r)2 + ... + A(1 + r)n.
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A large retailer obtains merchandise under the credit terms of 1/10, net 40, but routinely takes 50 days to pay its bills. (Because the retailer is an important customer, suppliers allow the firm to stretch its credit terms.) What is the retailer's effective cost of trade credit? Assume a 365-day year. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.
If a large retailer obtains merchandise under the credit terms of 1/10, net 40, but routinely takes 50 days to pay its bills. The retailer's effective cost of trade credit assuming a 365-day year is 9.60%.
Effective Cost of Trade CreditUsing this formula
Effective Cost of Trade Credit = {1+(D/100-D)}^ (365 / Days after Discount Period) -1
Let plug in the formula
Effective Cost of Trade Credit = [1 + ( 0.01 /0.99 ) ] ^[ 365 / (50−10)]−1
Effective Cost of Trade Credit = [1 + ( 0.01 /0.99 ) ] ^[ 365 / (40)]−1
Effective Cost of Trade Credit =1.096046171−1
Effective Cost of Trade Credit = 096046171 × 100
Effective Cost of Trade Credit = 9.60%
Therefore the 9.60% is the effective Cost of Trade Credit.
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suppose the store owner actually pays $1 to buy each copy of the magazine and sells to customers for $2 per copy. if magazines left at the end of the week have no salvage value and any unmet demand is lost, then is it better to stock 3 or 4 copies of the magazine at the start of a week to maximize the expected profit?
It is better to stock 3 copies of the magazine at the start of the week to maximize the expected profit.
What is profit?
In accounting, a profit is an income that is given to the owner during a successful market process of production (business). Profitability, which is the owner's primary interest in the revenue process of market production, is measured by profit. There are several profit metrics that are frequently used. Income generation and distribution must always be balanced in order for income to be formed in market production. Within the review period, the generated income is consistently distributed as economic value to the production's stakeholders. The portion of income formation that the owner is able to retain for themselves during the income distribution process is referred to as the profit. Profit is among the main drivers of economic prosperity because it creates opportunities for growth in both income and production. In this context, the terms "income," "profit," and "earnings" are interchangeable.
If the store owner stocks 3 copies of the magazine at the start of the week, the expected profit is $3. If the store owner stocks 4 copies of the magazine at the start of the week, the expected profit is $4.
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A manager that views most employees as motivated to do work is operating under blank______, while a manager that views most employees as lazy, is operating under blank______.
Answer: Theory Y; Theory X
jen and alica are both u.s. citizens. jen opens a cafe in france. alicia buys equipment from a company in canada to use in a u.s.-based factory. whose action is an example of u.s. foreign direct investment?
When a company directly invests in new facilities to produce and/or market in another country, this is known as foreign direct investment (FDI).
What exactly is an FDI (foreign direct investment)?
A stake in a foreign company or project owned by a foreign investor, company, or government is known as foreign direct investment (FDI).
The decision to acquire a substantial stake in a foreign company or to buy it outright to expand operations to a new region is typically referred to by this term. Typically, the term is not used to refer only to stock investments in foreign companies. Because it establishes connections between economies that are both stable and enduring, foreign direct investment (FDI) is an essential component of international economic integration.
What is FDI, and what are its benefits and drawbacks?
Foreign direct investment boosts a nation's economy. Foreign direct investment (FDI) may impede domestic investment. By providing a subsistence workforce, FDI contributes to the expansion of human capital. Negative values can occasionally occur as a result of investments. Trades on the global market are made easier by FDI, which enables an increase in exports.
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as a project manager, you want to integrate change management into your project. to prepare for the adoption of your recommended changes and to gather information, you incorporate surveys, flowcharts, and culture mapping. these actions represent which change management best practice?
As a project manager, Incorporating surveys, flowcharts, and culture mapping represent the use of tools for the integration of change management.
Before any changes in the management, the project manager needs to understand, communicate and ask about the ways and consequences of doing and then recommend changes. For gathering information regarding previous work and changes that require, managers should use certain tools such as-
flowcharts for showing up the development process of the project,culture mapping in order to illustrate the values of the company, surveys were done to know what employees have to say about the project and its process, norms, stakeholder input, feedback mechanism, etc.To know more about project managers, follow the below link:
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what groups of contacts are most valuable as advisors for student-owned startups? select all that apply. group of answer choices employers from internships faculty classmates
A productive team in the workplace is one that is focused on outcomes. Your startup needs a team of individuals that are truly unconventional thinkers. These professionals ought to be prepared to offer answers that you as an entrepreneur as a person cannot.
What position in a startup is most crucial?The visionary is a common term used to describe the chief executive officer (CEO) of a business. the pack's ringleader the person who decides. Their talent consists in having ambitious goals and having a strong sense of what the business can accomplish in the future. A productive team in the workplace is one that is focused on outcomes. Your startup needs a team of individuals that are truly unconventional thinkers. These professionals ought to be prepared to offer answers that you as an entrepreneur as a person cannot. Bad leadership, poor planning, failing to differentiate a product or service from those already on the market, disregarding client demands, and failing to learn from mistakes are all common issues with startups.
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student athletes argue that they have the right to form labor unions because they are treated like employees. which of the following, if true, would most likely strengthen this argument? a. student athletes enjoy decision-making powers in team selection processes. b. student athletes do not receive compensation for costs associated with health benefits and utility expenses. c. student athletes work over 40 hours a week in many cases and can be fired for poor performance. d. student athletes represent only one university team until they graduate.
The statement that would most likely strengthen the above argument is
c. student athletes work over 40 hours a week in many cases and can be fired for poor performance.
Labor unions are normally formed by the employees of an organization. Many student-athletes are not allowed to form labor unions because they are not considered employees by certain organizations.
However, such student athletes that work for the same duration like normal employees around 40 hours have can ask for the formation of a labor union.
Also, the organization has the right to fire student athletes for poor performance just as they do for normal employees. As the student athletes are being treated like employees through these factors, they can help in strengthening of their argument.
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At the end of the accounting period anderson company had $4,500 in accounts receivable and $500 in its allowance for doubtful accounts account. Based on this information the net realizable value of accounts receivable is?.
The net realizable value of accounts receivable will be $4000, considering the value of accounts receivable and allowance.
Given information:
Accounts receivable = $4,500
Allowance for doubtful accounts = $500
Net realizable value of accounts receivable = $4,500-$500 = $4000.
The balance of money owed to a company for products or services delivered or utilized that have not yet compensated for by clients is known as accounts receivable (AR). On the balance sheet, accounts receivable are listed as a current asset. Any amount of money that individuals owe for transactions they made using credit is known as AR. Usually accounts receivables are part of company's working capital.
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three years ago, you invested in the future investco mutual fund by purchasing 1,000 shares of the fund at a net asset value of $30.00 per share. because you did not need the income, you elected to reinvest all dividends and capital gains distributions. today, you sell your 1,100 shares in this fund for $32.67 per share. what is the compounded rate of return on this investment over the 3-year period?
(200 x 0.92) + (200 x 0.80) + (200 x 29) = $6144
6144 - (200 x 23) = $1544 total return is the compounded rate of return on this investment over the 3-year period.
Investment is the determination of cash to buy an asset to gain an increase in price over a time period. Funding calls for a sacrifice of a few present assets, along with time, money, or attempt. In finance, the purpose of investing is to generate a return from the invested asset. The return may consist of a gain (income) or a loss found out from the sale of assets or funding, unrealized capital appreciation (or depreciation), investment profits together with dividends, interest, condo income, or a combination of capital advantage and earnings. The return may consist of forex profits or losses because of modifications inside the overseas currency trading fees. Buyers normally anticipate higher returns from riskier investments. When a low-risk investment is made, the return is also commonly low.
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which of these is not a common type of contract? group of answer choices a. firm-fixed price b. fixed price incentive fee c. cost plus incentive fee d. fixed cost fixed fee
The correct answer will be a) Firm fixed price which is not a common type of contract
A Firm-Fixed-Price (FFP) contract specifies a price that cannot be adjusted based on the contractor's cost experience in performing the contract.
This contract type imposes maximum risk and full responsibility for all costs and resulting profit or loss on the contractor. It provides the contractor with the greatest incentive to control costs and perform effectively while imposing the least amount of administrative burden on the contracting parties.
The main advantage of using a firm-fixed-price contract is that the agreed-upon price is guaranteed. The contractor assumes all risk in order to deliver within the contract price. Any overages or deviations must be borne by the contractor.
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all about town is a chain of clothiers with locations in malls around the country. it maintains records on the average customer traffic at each location month by month, as well as sales at each facility, net profits for each, and so on. this type of record keeping is an example of a(n) system.
All About Town is a clothing retailer with locations in shopping malls across the country. It keeps track of average customer traffic at each location month after month, as well as sales, net profits, and so on. This is an example of an information technology system.
What exactly does customer traffic imply?The number of customers who enter your store is referred to as foot traffic in retail. In general, increased foot traffic leads to increased revenue. Sensors at store entrances are commonly used in retail traffic counting systems to count the number of visitors. Infrared technology is used to track customers entering and exiting the store by counting each time a beam is broken. Foot traffic data, also known as footfall data, is the number of customers who pass through and visit specific locations such as retailers (retail stores) or shopping malls. The data shows the number of people in the area at specific times, the frequency of store visits, and the length of stay.To learn more about average customer traffic, refer to:
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at a sales volume of 34,000 units, choice corporation's sales commissions (a cost that is variable with respect to sales volume) total $741,200. to the nearest whole dollar, what should be the total sales commissions at a sales volume of 32,300 units? (assume that this sales volume is within the relevant range.) (round intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)
Total sales commissions at a unit sales volume of 424,960.
What is volume?Volume is a measurement of three-dimensional space that is occupied. It is frequently numerically quantified using SI derived units or various imperial units. Interrelate is the definition of length. Every three-dimensional object requires some amount of space. The volume of this space is measured. Volume is defined as the space occupied by an object within the boundaries of three-dimensional space. It is also referred to as the object's volume capacity. Volume is a measurement of an object's capacity. For example, the volume of a cup is 100 ml if it can hold 100 ml of water up to the brim. Volume is also the amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object.The complete question is :
At a sales volume of 35,000 units, Thoma Corporation's sales commissions (a cost that is variable with respect to sales volume) total $448,000.
To the nearest whole dollar, what should be the total sales commissions at a sales volume of 33,200 units? (Assume that this sales volume is within the relevant range.)
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you are an investment advisor. your clients have been stuffing money into a a cookie jar to save for their child's college education, and is now bringing it to you to invest. they have $10091 dollars to invest and need to turn it into $23194 dollars in 8 years. they cannot make any more deposits. what rate of return do you need to find them to make sure they can afford to send their child to college? answer as a percent and to the nearest hundredth of a percent as in xx.xx % and enter without the percent sign.
The required rate of return is 16.23% for the investment
The principal amount invested for a child's college education= $10091
Required amount in future for education= $23194
Number of years for which amount is invested= 8 years
Interest earned in 8 years = 23194-10091 = $13103
Using the formula of simple interest, to find the rate of return:
Simple interest = P*R*T/100
where P = principal amount invested
R = rate of return
and T = time period for which the principal is invested
Substituting the values in the formula we get the following:
13103 = 10091*R*8/100
13103 = 807.28*R
R = 16.23%
So, the rate of return is 16.23%
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eople buy insurance: a. to insure against poor health. b. because of externalities. c. because they are risk averse. d. to defer consumption. e. to maximize their welfare.
Aversion to risk is the main reason why people purchase insurance.
What is an aversion to risk?Risk avoidance is the propensity to do so. A risk-averse investor is one who favors capital preservation over the possibility of earning a higher-than-average return. Price volatility in investing equals risk. Investing in a risky asset can either make you wealthy or eat up your savings. A cautious investment will increase gradually over time. More stability equates to low risk.
A low-risk investment ensures a respectable, if unspectacular, return with an essentially zero percent chance of losing any of the initial investment. In most cases, the return on a low-risk investment will eventually match or slightly exceed the rate of inflation. Money could be made or lost on a high-risk investment. Risk seeking can be contrasted with being risk averse.
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Mike owns swibel trucking, a successful trucking business, as a sole proprietor. After many successful years in business, one night he decides he wants to change his business to a partnership so that he can share the burden and devote more time to pursue his hobby of duck watching full time. What steps must he take to change the type of business entity to a partnership?.
Mike is not allowed to change the type of business entity to a partnership. It is because none as a sole proprietor can convert to another business form at the proprietor's will.
A partnership can be defined as a form of business where two or more people share ownership. In a partnership, the people who is involved in there have a responsibility for managing the company and the income or losses the business generates. There are some characteristics from partnership, such as:
Partnerships have sharing of profits and losses.Partnerships have mutual agency.Partnerships have unlimited liability.Partnership have lawful business.Partnership have contractual relationship.Learn more about partnership here https://brainly.com/question/19988417
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what is the first decision to be made when considering merchandise flow? multiple choice question. whether the merchandise will travel by truck, train, or plane who will transport the merchandise where the merchandise will go how much it will cost to transport the merchandise
Selecting a transportation business is the first choice that must be made to ensure that goods flow. Which of the following were included in the marketing channels. a marketing channel when the maker sells directly to the customer; there are no middlemen involved.
What are the steps in the marketing process?
Purchasing merchandise often involves four processes, including:
Determine the sources of the goods.
Talk to manufacturers about a deal.
choosing goods for purchasing.
Purchase goods for the store.
acquiring plans.
Examine vendors in depth.
Assigning prices.
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The cash flow associated with buying and selling inventory is not affected by the inventory cost flow method. This statement is?.
The statement is true, It is independent of when payments are identified
What is cost flow method?There are several methods for accounting for cost flow. LIFO (last in, first out), FIFO (first in, first out), specific identification, and weighted-average cost are examples. For example, the prices of raw materials may fluctuate over time, with some being more expensive than others. The term cost flow assumptions refers to the process of removing costs from a company's inventory and reporting them as cost of goods sold. Cost flow assumptions in the United States include FIFO, LIFO, and average. (There is no need to make an assumption if specific identification is used.) A perpetual inventory system balance is compared to an actual physical count using the basic cost flow model.
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based on the weight of the consumer price index (cpi), the price of rental housing increases by 15 percent and that of owned housing by 5 percent. during the same year, the price of gasoline falls by 22 percent. we can say that
It is anticipated that the CPI would increase during the mentioned year, assuming all other variables remained same.
The month change in prices paid by American consumers is tracked by the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The CPI is calculated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) as a weighted sum of prices for a selection of products and services that is indicative of total consumer spending in the United States. One of the most widely used indicators of deflation and inflation is the CPI. In contrast to the producer price index (PPI), which tracks changes in the prices paid to American producers of goods and services, the CPI report employs a different questionnaire technique, price samples, and index weights.
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at the beginning of 2019, robotics inc. acquired a manufacturing facility for $13.1 million. $10.1 million of the purchase price was allocated to the building. depreciation for 2019 and 2020 was calculated using the straight-line method, a 20-year useful life, and a $2.1 million residual value. in 2021, the company switched to the double-declining-balance depreciation method. what is depreciation on the building for 2021?
In 2021, the company switched to the double-declining-balance depreciation method. The depreciation on the building for 2021 is $668,462.
Cost of Building $10,100,000
Less: Residual value $2,100,000
Depreciable cost $8,000,000
Divide by Useful life 20
Annual depreciation $400,000
Accumulated depreciation $800,000 = 400000 × 2
Cost of Building $10,100,000Less: Accumulated depreciation $800,000
Book value of Building $9,300,000
Less: Residual value $610,000
Remaining Depreciable cost $8,690,000
Divide by Remaining useful life 13 = 15-2
Depreciation $668,462
The projected worth of a fixed asset after the end of its lease term or usable life is the residual value, commonly referred to as salvage value. In lease agreements, the residual value is one of the lessor's main methodologies for calculating the lessee's monthly lease payments. A common guideline is that an asset's residual value decreases as its usable life or lease duration lengthens.The accounting technique of spreading out the cost of a tangible item over its useful life is known as depreciation. The amount of depreciation shows how much of an asset's worth has been used.Learn more about Residual value, here
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ased on the free cash flow valuation model, the value of weidner co.'s operations is $1,200 million. the company's balance sheet shows $80 million in accounts receivable, $60 million in inventory, and $100 million in short-term investments that are unrelated to operations. the balance sheet also shows $90 million in accounts payable, $120 million in notes payable, $300 million in long-term debt, $50 million in preferred stock, $180 million in retained earnings, and $800 million in total common equity. if weidner has 30 million shares of stock outstanding, what is the best estimate of the stock's price per share? a. $27.67 b. $30.43 c. $33.48 d. $24.90 e. $36.82
The best estimated stock price per share of free cash flow valuation model = $27.67
Free cash flow :
Free cash flows( FCF) from operations is the cash that a company has left over to pay back stakeholders similar as creditors and shareholders. Because Free cash flow represents a residual value, it can be used to help value pots.
Evaluation :
the value of Weidner Co.'s operations = $1,200 million
accounts receivable = $80 million
short-term investments = $100 million
accounts payable = $90 million
notes payable = $120 million
long-term debt = $300 million
preferred stock = $50 million
retained earnings = $180 million
total common equity = $800 million
shares of stock outstanding = 30 million
Now,
The total intrinsic value = value of operation + short-term investments
The total intrinsic value = $1200 million + $100 million
= $1300 million
Thus,
the total value of the equity = Total intrinsic value - Debt - preferred stocks - notes payable
The total value of the equity = $1300 million - $300 million - $50 million - $120 million
= $830 million
therefore,
the stock's price per share = Total value of equity ÷ Total outstanding stock
= 830 million ÷ 30 million
= $27.67.
Hence , the stock price per share = $ 27.67
Stock price :The market price per share of stock, or the" share price," is the most recently price that a stock has traded for. It's a function of request forces, being when the price a buyer is willing to pay for a stock meets the price a dealer is willing to accept for a stock.
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The goal of the accounts receivable methods is to adjust the allowance for doubtful accounts balance so that?.
The goal of the accounts receivable methods is to adjust the allowance for doubtful accounts balance so that the estimated amount of the receivables that are not collected is the same as the adjusted balance.
The write-off item must be reversed and the payment must be recorded when you receive money that you wrote off as uncollectable. Reverse the write-off entry by lowering the allowances for doubtful accounts account with a credit and raising the accounts receivable account with a debit. Due to the fact that an allowance for doubtful accounts affects the value of an asset, in this example, the accounts receivable, it is referred to as a "counter asset." The allowance, also known as a bad debt reserve, reflects management's best guess as to how much of the accounts receivable are likely to be unpaid by clients.
In accordance with the allowance method, a business makes an adjusting entry at the conclusion of each accounting period for the sum of the losses it expects to incur as a result of giving its clients credit.
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employee motivation tends to increase when people are assigned to jobs for which they are qualified, and they receive coaching to improve their self-confidence. both of these practices improve employee motivation by:
A used PPE asset can typically be exchanged for a new one and is called trade-in. The trade-in allowance is the amount for which the buyer and seller have agreed to trade something in. The difference is paid by the buyer once this sum is deducted from the cost of the new asset.
Define trade in allowance.The value given to a used car that a dealer accepts in trade from a customer in order to lower the leasing cost of another car is known as a trade-in allowance. The criteria for a trade-in allowance on a lease are the same as the criteria for a purchase of a car. The circumstance of a trade-in allowance occurs when a business disposes of old assets by exchanging them for new assets and receives an allowance.
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employees at a toy-manufacturing factory are let go because robots have been installed to replace humans. what type of unemployment faces the laid-off workers? group of answer choices seasonal cyclical structural frictional
In a situation where factory workers are laid off because robots have been installed to replace human labor, this corresponds to a type of structural unemployment.
What is structural unemployment?It corresponds to a process in the economy of a place where jobs are available but there are no candidates with the necessary qualifications to effectively fill such positions.
To increase the skills of the unemployed in the event of an increase in structural unemployment, public and private incentives are needed to help obtain skills that enable people to enter the labor market, such as public policies that provide technical education and training.
Therefore, even if hypothetical, the situation described by the question where robots replace human work corresponds to a type of structural unemployment, since humans were replaced because they did not have the same work capacity as robots.
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What term is used to describe the practice of unloading materials from an incoming trucks or rail cars and loading these materials onto outbound trucks or rail cars, with little or no storage or warehousing in between?.
Consolidation is the logistics process of removing cargo off an incoming truck or railway and loading it immediately onto an outgoing truck or railcar with little or no storage in between.
How would you define consolidation?The consolidation process or act; the state of consolidation. The act of merging; especially, the joining of two or more corporations through the dissolution of the former and the formation of the latter into a single new entity.The Latin word consolidation, which meaning "to merge into one body," is where the word consolidate derives from. In any situation, consolidating entails combining a number of smaller objects into a single, larger group. For instance, a traveler might combine all of their belongings into one sizable bag.Debt consolidation is the process of combining all of your debts into a single loan or monthly payment, including credit card bills and other loans. Consolidating your debts could simplify or reduce your monthly payments if you have a number of loans or credit card accounts.To learn more about consolidation refer to:
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true or false: when obtaining an understanding of the control environment, it is important that auditors focus on the substance of controls, rather than their form
It is specifically expected of auditors to comprehend controls that deal with "significant" risks.
Risks of material misstatement that, in the auditor's professional judgment, necessitate special audit consideration are identified and evaluated for these.
Because management controls may be established appropriate policies and procedures but not acted upon, the auditor should focus on the substance of management policies, procedures, and related actions controls rather than their form.
While getting a comprehension of controls pertinent to the review the examiner is expected to?The auditor should follow procedures to acquire sufficient knowledge about the design of the relevant controls pertaining to each of the five internal control components and determine whether they have been put into operation in order to gain an understanding of controls that are relevant to audit planning.
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