Levothyroxine, the cornerstone of replacement treatment, should thus be started in individuals whose TSH is more than 10 mU/l.
What is Hashimoto thyroiditis?According to studies, people with TSH levels above 10 mU/l are more likely to experience general symptoms and problems.
An autoimmune disorder is Hashimoto's disease. It has an impact on the thyroid. Thyroid cells are attacked by immune system antibodies that mistake them for germs or other foreign things.
Immune system defenses that injure cells and cause cell death are mistakenly recognized by the immune system.
Therefore, TSH serum levels are the most effective method of monitoring this treatment regimen.
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the nurse is preparing medications for a group of clients. which prescription should the nurse clarify with the health
If the primary health care provider (PHCP) had any doubts regarding a telephone or spoken prescription, the nurse would always clarify the prescription with the PHCP.
What sources could you use to clarify a patient's medication history?To ensure the accuracy and completeness of the medication history confirmation at least one additional source is recommended. Examples of sources of medical information include the patient's GP, community pharmacist, and the patient's own medicines.
When processing a patient's prescription order, what comes first?The very first and most important stage in processing a prescription is receiving a valid prescription from a doctor, physician, or nurse. The pharmacists next check the prescription to see if the requested dosage is still available and if it is covered by the patient's health insurance or not.
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Before giving the doses of an ACE (Angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitor to a group of patients, a nurse should explain the prescription. Before giving ACE inhibitors to customers, it is important to discuss any potential negative effects.
Clients are at risk for hyperkalemia since ACE inhibitors reduce aldosterone while causing potassium to increase. The secretion of aldosterone does not occur when angiotensin II is blocked. The reabsorption of sodium and subsequently water is a result of aldosterone. This leads to the discharge of potassium and protons into the urine.
Cough caused by ACE inhibitors has also been documented. The cough is typically dry, and therapy must frequently be stopped because of it. The most serious side effect of ACE inhibitors is angioedema. It is known that ACE inhibitors increase renin and decrease aldosterone levels, thereby causing false-negative ARR results.
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The physician has prescribed 0.9% sodium chloride IV for a hospitalized client in metabolic alkalosis. Which nursing actions are required to manage this client
The nursing actions which are required to manage the client who has prescribed 0.9% sodium chloride IV are to document the present signs and symptoms, compare ABG findings with last report, and maintain intake records.
An arterial blood gas( ABG) tests is taken from an artery. ABG analysis assesses the partial pressure of oxygen( PaO2) and carbon dioxide( PaCO2). PaO2 provides the data on the oxygenation status, and PaCO2 presents data on the ventilation status.
Metabolic alkalosis, is a complaint that promoted the serum bicarbonate, which could be affected from many mechanisms like intracellular shift of hydrogen ions; excessive nephritic hydrogen ion loss; gastrointestinal loss of hydrogen ions; assessment and holding of bicarbonate ions.
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The physician has prescribed 0.9% sodium chloride IV for a hospitalized client in metabolic alkalosis. Documenting presenting signs and symptoms, maintaining intake and output records and comparing ABG findings with previous results.
An arterial blood gas (ABG) test, also known as an arterial blood gas analysis, measures the amounts of arterial gases, including oxygen and carbon dioxide (ABGA). Although the femoral artery in the groin or another location may occasionally be utilized, a little amount of blood must be drawn from the radial artery using a syringe and a thin needle for an ABG findings. A catheter inserted into an artery can also be used to take blood. An ABG test measures the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), and blood pH. Additionally, the arterial oxygen saturation can be calculated (SaO2). This understanding is useful when treating individuals with respiratory ailments or life-threatening illnesses.
The complete question is:
The physician has prescribed 0.9% sodium chloride IV for a hospitalized client in metabolic alkalosis. Which nursing actions are required to manage this client? Select all that apply.
a) Document presenting signs and symptoms.
b) Maintain intake and output records.
c) Compare ABG findings with previous results.
d) All
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A pigment molecule synthesized from vitamin A is O retinal.O opsin. O rhodopsin.O transducinO CGMP
A pigment molecule synthesized from vitamin A is option c. rhodopsin.
Rhodopsin is a pigment molecule synthesized from vitamin A and found in the rod cells of the retina in the eye. It plays a crucial role in vision, particularly in low-light conditions.
When light enters the eye, it causes a chemical change in rhodopsin, which triggers a cascade of events that leads to an electrical signal being sent to the brain. The brain then interprets this electrical signal as visual information.
Rhodopsin is a type of protein called opsin, which binds to a small retinal molecule to form the active pigment. The absorption of a photon by the retina changes the shape of the protein, leading to the neural signal.
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the correct beginning position for the patient’s feet and crutches is called the ____________ position
The correct beginning position for the patient’s feet and crutches is called the tripod position.
Ascertain that the patient's axillary crutches are indeed the appropriate height. Hold the gait belt firmly with one hand and stand on the patient's weak side. Place the base of each crutch 15 cm (or 6 inches) to the side and 15 cm (or 6 inches) in front of patient's feet. Three fingers should fit between both the crutch pad as well as the patient's axilla. Check the fit of the ambulation equipment and make any necessary adjustments for axillary crutches.
One sits or stands in tripod position, bending forward and supporting the upper body on hands on the knees or another surface. A patient adopting a tripod posture is seen as a symptom of respiratory trouble by medical practitioners. When a person suffering from respiratory discomfort sits with their arms resting on their knees or stands with with arms resting on another surface, such as a table, to assist ease their anguish.
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The correct beginning position for the patient’s feet and crutches is called the tripod position.
Crutches are a type of walking aid that provides users with a larger base of support. They assist in transferring weight from the lower body to the upper body for persons who are unable to sustain themselves on their legs (from short-term injuries to lifelong disabilities). Every time a patient receives a pair of crutches, they must be measured and adjusted. Even while the likelihood of negative outcomes associated with using crutches is quite low, a number of medical issues can develop. Any negative impacts might be mitigated by altering the device to match the user. Underarm crutches or an axilla: There should be two fingers between the axilla and the axilla pad, and the elbow should be flexed between 20 and 30 degrees.
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the primary cause of older persons anemia is ____________________.
Concept Map: Mechanics of Breathing diaphragm and extenal intercostals decrease(s) lung volume and increase(s) expiration include(s) a phase when air enters lungs, called inspiration include(s) a phase when air exits lungs, called intrapleural pressure increase(s) lung volume and decrease(s) intrapulmonary pressure is/are always about 4 mmHig greater than lungs minus intrapleural pressure give(s) pulmonary ventilation transpulmonary pressure must be negative to prevent collapse of -occur(s) when contracting ? occur(s) when relaxing
Mechanics of breathing involve the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles.
The diaphragm contracts during inspiration, which decreases intrapleural pressure and increases lung volume, allowing air to enter the lungs.
During expiration, the diaphragm relaxes and the external intercostals muscles contract, which increases intrapleural pressure and decreases lung volume, allowing air to exit the lungs.
Transpulmonary pressure, the difference between intrapulmonary pressure and intrapleural pressure, must be negative to prevent the collapse of the lungs.
This occurs when the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract and relax in a coordinated manner to achieve ventilation.
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Electronic Action Notes automatically print in all, but which of the following cases:a. Patient address was changedb. Third Party rejection was edited to cashc. Patient profile is missing a preferred contact numberd. Prescription is being partially filled
Electronic Action Notes automatically print in all is used to contact patients when Patient profile is missing a preferred contact number, option C.
What is the role of Electronic Action Notes?Pharmacies create Electronic Action Notes and notify the customer of any outstanding information. It is the verification workstation's responsibility to contact the patient about an Action Note prior to pick-up. When a patient's contact information is incomplete, the electronic action notes prints out the data.
The serial number identifies a saleable unit of medication beyond the NDC, Lot, and Expiration Date, and it allows that medication vial, bag, or syringe to be tracked all the way back to the factory where it was manufactured.
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a client with seizure disorder is prescribed a moderately high dose of phenytoin. which teaching topic should
The teaching topic that the nurse should reinforce with his or her clients is proper dental hygiene and follow-up. Given that phenytoin can result in gingival hyperplasia, an overgrowth of gum tissue or easily bleedy, red gums, the nurse should talk to the patient about the importance of maintaining excellent oral hygiene with a soft-bristle toothbrush and scheduling routine dental visits.
Phenytoin frequently has side effects, including hypocalcemia. In the management of epilepsy, phenytoin is used to suppress seizures (convulsions), especially tonic-clonic and psychomotor seizures. Additionally, it is applied to prevent and manage seizures during brain surgery. The brand name of phenytoin is Dilantin. The prescription medication Dilantin is used to treat the indications and symptoms of seizures as an anticonvulsant. Dilantin may be taken either on its own or along with other drugs.
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Given that phenytoin might result in gingival hyperplasia, the nurse should go over the need of practicing proper oral hygiene with a soft-bristled toothbrush and scheduling routine dental visits.
What conditions other than seizures does phenytoin treat?Its primary use are in the prevention of seizures, especially tonic-clonic seizures or partial seizures, which impact the entire brain (seizures that affect only half of the brain or one area). Arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat) and neuropathic pain can both be treated with phenytoin.
What is the purpose of phenytoin?In the treatment of epilepsy, phenytoin is used to manage seizures (convulsions), including tonic-clonic (grand mal) and psychomotor (temporal lobe) seizures. Additionally, it is applied to both prevent and manage seizures that happen during brain surgery.
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joe smith, age 52, has a blood pressure of 145 mm hg over 95 mm hg. this is considered
Joe Smith, age 52, has a blood pressure of over 95 mm Hg at 145 mm Hg. This is known as high blood pressure or hypertension.
What are the 3 types of high blood pressure?Because blood pressure can fluctuate, the American Heart Association recommends measuring blood pressure at least three times to accurately diagnose high blood pressure. different types of high blood pressure: Isolated systolic hypertension. Malignant hypertension. Resistant hypertension.
What is high blood pressure?Elevated blood pressure is defined as a systolic pressure of 120-129 and a diastolic pressure of less than 80. Hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure of 130 or higher or a diastolic blood pressure of 80 or higher.
What are the symptoms of high blood pressure?Blurred vision or double vision.
Lightheadedness/fainting
Malaise. headache.
Palpitations.
nosebleed.
Difficulty breathing.
Nausea and/or vomiting.
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A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. The nurse has instructed the client about using the communication triad. The nurse determines that the client has understood this technique when stating what
The nurse determines that the client has understood this technique when stating "I should start by stating my feelings as an "I" statement."
Who is nurse?According to Merriam-Webster, nurses are certified healthcare professionals who practice independently or under the supervision of a physician, surgeon, or dentist and are experienced in promoting and preserving health. A nurse's primary responsibility is to care for patients by managing physical requirements, preventing disease, and treating health issues. Nurses must examine and monitor the patient while also documenting any pertinent information to help in therapeutic decision-making procedures. Nurses are unable to undertake surgical operations on their own. Nurses can play a variety of responsibilities before to, during, and after surgical operations. Consider getting more training or education to land the job you want.
Here,
When the client says, "I should start by articulating my sentiments as a "I" statement," the nurse knows the client has grasped the method.
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A nurse is caring for a client who refuses treatment and asks to be discharged from the hospital against medical advice. The nurse notifies the client's provider, who tells the nurse to restrain the client, if necessary, to keep her from leaving the hospital. The nurse understands that restraining this client would be considered which type of civil action by the nurse
The nurse is aware that putting this client in restraints would be termed False imprisonment and subject her to civil action.
Which nursing behavior calls for the charge nurse's intervention?Every time the nurse is done using the computer, she should log out and close all open papers. The charge nurse must get involved in this.
What information needs to be relayed to a nurse right away?Examples include damage, suffering, and blood. Reporting to the nurse is necessary when restraints are used (and are doctor-ordered). Other situations that need to be reported right away include skin changes, falls, patient complaints, challenging behavior or dangerous behavior, and the presence of alcohol or narcotics.
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The patient in medical care has refused medical advice and treatment and wants to be discharged. If the nurse attempts to restrain the patient against his will, then she will be liable for the civil action of False imprisonment.
A physical barrier (like a closed door), the application of physical force to constrain, the failure to release, or the improper exercise of legal authority are all examples of restraints. A region is only said to be contained if all possible directions for movement are restricted. The area is not constrained if there is a practical way to leave it. However, the area is limited if trying to escape would put the detainee in danger of suffering physical damage. The region would also be bounded if there was a threat to damage the detainee's family if they left.
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a client with a history of cirrhosis has a new prescription for lactulose 30 ml four times a day. what does the nurse explain
The nurse explains that taking lactulose in prescription would decrease intestinal absorption of ammonia.
Clinical portal-systemic encephalopathy is treated and prevented by lactulose. Its main method of action is to lessen intestinal ammonia generation and absorption. Colonic bacteria in the colon break down lactulose to monosaccharides, which are then converted to volatile fatty acids, hydrogen, and methane.
In order to get two semisoft stools per day in hepatic encephalopathy patients, lactulose is commonly administered in syrup form at a dose of 15 to 30 mL twice to four times each day.
One typical treatment for acute hepatic encephalopathy is to provide a 45 ml (30 gm) bolus and repeat it hourly until the first bowel movement. Once the encephalopathy episode has passed, the dose can be adjusted to produce 2-3 soft bowel motions per day.
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A medication order states, administer magnesium sulfate 1 gram in 500 mL D5W at 500 mg/hr via infusion pump. What is the infusion rate in mL/hr
Give 500 mL of D5W of magnesium sulfate at a rate of 500 mg every hour, according to a medication order. As a result, the infusion rate is 0.25 mL/hr.
To find the infusion rate in mL/hr, we need to determine how much solution is being infused per hour. In this case, the medication order states that we're administering 1 gram of magnesium sulfate in 500 mL of D5W, at a rate of 500 mg/hr.
Since 1 gram = 1000 mg, we know that the concentration of magnesium sulfate in the solution is 1 gram / 500 mL = 2000 mg/mL.
To determine the flow rate in mL/hr, we need to divide the desired dose of magnesium sulfate (500 mg) by the concentration of the solution (2000 mg/mL) which is : 500 mg / 2000 mg/mL = 0.25 mL/hr
So, the infusion rate is 0.25 mL/hr.
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Why is it important to monitor your heart rate before during and after exercising or training ?
We utilize heart rate monitors to see my progress as we exercise, help us attain our objectives, and increase our fitness. It aids in directing you to the appropriate degree of intensity.
Describe the heart?The size of either a fist, your heart is located in the center of your chest, tilting slightly to your left. This is the muscle that your circulatory system depends on to pump blood throughout your body while your heart beats.
Why then does my heart continue to hurt?Pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, and bacterial and viral infections are the most typical causes underlying pleuritic chest discomfort. Lupus, cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis are among other less frequent reasons - lung infection or pneumonitis.
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The laboratory report reveals a muscle biopsy finding. Which condition should a nurse suspect in the patient
Answer:
It is difficult to accurately diagnose a specific condition based on the information provided. A muscle biopsy is a diagnostic test that involves taking a small sample of muscle tissue for examination under a microscope. This test can be used to diagnose a variety of conditions, including muscle disorders, nerve disorders, and inflammatory conditions. Some common conditions that a nurse may suspect based on the results of a muscle biopsy include muscle dystrophy, myositis, and polymyositis. However, a definitive diagnosis can only be made by a healthcare provider after reviewing the results of the muscle biopsy in conjunction with other diagnostic tests and clinical findings.
Explanation:
A client informs the nurse that he has been taking ibuprofen every 6 hours for 3 weeks to help alleviate the pain of arthritis. The client has a history of a gastric ulcer and is taking a proton pump inhibitor for the treatment of this disorder. What should the nurse instruct the client about the use of the ibuprofen
When a nurse advises a patient to take ibuprofen, she should say, "It would be better to contact the doctor before taking any over-the-counter drugs."
What substance stops pain from being transmitted?The opioid family of medications, which includes morphine, and heroin are the most effective ones for providing brief analgesia and pain relief in clinical practice.
When pain isn't under control, what happens?According to Strassels and Dr. Eun-Ok Im of the School of Nursing, untreated or improperly treated pain can impair a person's capacity to function and lead to melancholy, agitation, dysfunction, interruptions in sleeping, eating, and movement. With the right care, patients can get back to living.
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A nurse should remark, "It would be advisable to consult the doctor before taking any over-the-counter medications," while advising a patient to take ibuprofen.
Ibuprofen belongs to the class of medications known as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) and is used to treat mild to severe pain, including toothache, migraine, and period pain. regulate a fever (high temperature) — for instance, in cases of influenza (influenza)
In clinical practice, drugs from the opioid family, which also includes morphine and heroin, are the most effective at delivering momentary analgesia and pain relief.
Untreated or inadequately treated pain can affect a person's ability to function and cause sadness, agitation, dysfunction, disruptions in sleeping, eating, and moving, according to Strassels and Dr. Eun-Ok Im of the School of Nursing. Patients who receive the best care can resume their normal lives.
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Once evidence related to the use of prompted voiding in patients with cognitive impairment has been appraised and integrated with practice, it is important to:
Consider whether patients' families see this as necessary for the well-being of family members.
EBP is the combination of the finest scientific data, clinical skill, and the patients' particular values and circumstances. In this case, the family's values and tastes would be taken into account. During the process, databases would be searched, questions would be clarified, and staff feedback would be obtained.
Dr. David Sackett provided the standard definition of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP). EBP is "the deliberate, clear and prudent use of current best evidence in making decisions regarding the treatment of the individual patient. Create a clinical question. The chief nursing officer established an evidence-based practice program as a strategic aim.
Prompted voiding is indeed a behavioural therapy that is mostly employed in nursing homes in North America. It uses verbal instructions and positive reinforcement to enhance bladder control in adults with and without dementia.
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Think about whether the Cognitively impaired patients' families believe that this is required for the family members' welfare will be practiced by the health care providers.
EBP is the integration of the most recent, reliable research findings with clinical knowledge and the particular values and circumstances of the patient. The family's values and tastes would be taken into account in this scenario. Staff engagement, database searches, and question clarification would all be part of the procedure. The clinical question must be stated. The chief nursing officer has set the implementation of an evidence-based practice program as a strategic objective. The most recent scientific data is examined, analyzed, and translated through the EBP process. The objective is to immediately incorporate the most recent research, clinical expertise, and patient preferences into clinical practice so that nurses may make educated decisions about patient care. When making decisions about patients and clients, practices, and health policy, evidence-based practice takes the best information available, professional competence, patient values, and environmental issues into account. The importance of the three components is equalized.
The complete question is:
Once evidence related to the use of prompted voiding in patients with cognitive impairment has been appraised and integrated with practice, it is important to:
a. Consider whether patients' families see this as necessary for the well-being of family members.
b. Search large databases such as CINAHL to amass further evidence.
c. Clarify the clinical practice question.
d. Solicit input regarding integration with practice.
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an increase in government spending on health care is likely to shift the _____ curve to the _____.
An increase in government spending on health care is likely to shift the demand curve to the right.
Aggregate demand, or AD, is the total amount of demand for all individual goods and services. To represent the whole demand and supply for an economy, one can use a timeline, a curve, or even an algebraic equation. like how some goods and services are in high and low demand. The aggregate demand curve demonstrates the total number of goods and services required by the economy over a range of prices. As a result, if the U.S. government doubles its health care spending, the aggregate demand curve shifts to the right, production rises, and prices rise. Prices increase, production increases, and the aggregate demand curve changes to the right as U.S. government healthcare spending doubles. A timeline, a curve, or even an algebraic equation can be used to depict the whole demand and supply for an economy.
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The nurse is admitting a patient with COPD. The decrease of what substance in the blood gas analysis would indicate to the nurse that the patient is experiencing hypoxemia
When patient is experiencing hypoxemia, there will be decrease in Arterial Oxygen Tension (PaO2).
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is progressive loss of lung function and gas exchange abnormality. Alveolar wall destruction leads to loss of these elastic fibers, resulting in airflow obstruction, and gas exchange abnormalities. The most common gas exchange abnormalities in COPD patients include arterial hypoxemia, with or without hypercapnia.
When patient experiencing COPD, there will be examinations to be performed on patient which is blood gas analysis. The Arterial Oxygen Tension is the partial pressure of oxygen that indicates the dissolved oxygen in the plasma and not the oxygen bound to hemoglobin. It is measured by arterial blood gas analyzer.The normal PaO2 level varies from 80 to 100 mmHg.
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clotting time is ________ when the victim is taking aspirin or is anemic.
If the victim is taking aspirin or is anemic, the clotting time will be longer. Average time range for blood clotting is about 10-13 seconds. Range above, mean blood is taking longer than usual to clot and below range, blood is clotting faster than normal.
What is the clotting time test check?Activated clotting time is a test that evaluates the effect of heparin on the ability of blood to clot. Heparin is an anticoagulant used therapeutically to prevent thrombosis. Also used as an anticoagulant in some laboratory procedures
What Causes Prolonged Blood Clotting Times?The factor V Leiden and prothrombin gene mutation (G20210A) is the most commonly identified genetic defect that increases the risk of thrombosis.
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Randy is a 29 y/o African American male who has a body mass index (BMI) of 30, does not exercise, and has evidence of metabolic syndrome. Is most likely diagnosis is:
The NPV to rule out metabolic syndrome is relatively high for BMI values below 30. For both men and women, a BMI of 27 has been determined to be the best marker for metabolic syndrome.
What contributes to type 2 diabetes?It is brought on by issues with insulin, a chemical (hormone) in the body. Having a family history of type 2 diabetes, being overweight or inactive, or being inactive are all associated with it.
If you have gestational diabetes or have a family history of type 2 diabetes, you are more likely to have metabolic syndrome. other illnesses. If you've ever had sleep apnea, polycystic ovarian syndrome, or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, your chance of developing metabolic syndrome is increased.
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for a hot or cold therapy to be effective, the pack should be applied for how long to the injured area?
Answer:
For hot or cold therapy to be effective, the pack should be applied to the injured area for at least 20-30 minutes. It is important to monitor the temperature of the pack and the skin to ensure that the therapy is not causing further injury or discomfort. It may be necessary to adjust the duration of application based on the individual's tolerance and the severity of the injury.
the nurse is preparing medication for 4 clients on a respiratory medical surgical unit. which situation would prompt the nurse
In a medical-surgical respiratory unit, the nurse is preparing medicine for four patients. A patient diagnosed with bronchospasm who is scheduled to get nebulized acetylcysteine would alert the nurse to clarify the prescribed HCP therapy.
Bronchospasm is a constriction of the bronchial tubes, which can cause difficulty breathing. It is a serious condition that requires prompt treatment. Acetylcysteine is a medication that is often used to treat bronchospasm, but it is not always the best choice for all patients.
Before administering acetylcysteine to a patient with bronchospasm, the nurse should clarify the prescribed treatment with the HCP. This is because the HCP may need to consider the patient's specific medical history, allergies, and other factors before deciding if acetylcysteine is the best treatment option.
This question is incomplete and should be written as follows:
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A client has been admitted for the second time to treat tuberculosis. Which referral does the nurse initiate as a priority
The nurse should initiate a referral to a pulmonologist for further evaluation and management of the client's tuberculosis.
What is tuberculosis?Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious bacterial disease that usually affects the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body. It is caused by a type of bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB is spread through the air when someone with the disease coughs, sneezes, laughs, or talks. When an infected person breathes out, the bacteria are released into the air, and anyone in close contact with the person can inhale them and become infected. The infection can cause a range of symptoms, including a persistent cough, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. It is treatable with antibiotics, but if left untreated, it can be deadly. TB is one of the world’s deadliest diseases, and it is estimated that around 10 million people become infected every year. The World Health Organization (WHO) is working to reduce the burden of TB by increasing access to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
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For the second time, a patient has been admitted for tuberculosis treatment (TB). The referral that a nurse should initiate as a priority should be visiting nurses to arrange directly observed therapy on dismissal.
Patients who are originally thought to have active TB should be quarantined in a room with airborne precautions. A private area and a negative pressure air handling system that exhausts to the outside are necessary for airborne precautions.
Complete question: A client has been admitted for the second time to treat tuberculosis (TB). Which referral does the nurse initiate as a priority?
A. Social worker to determine whether the client can afford prescription drugs.
B. On dismissal, visiting nurses will set up directly observed therapy.
C. Liaison psychiatric nurse to determine the causes of noncompliance.
D. A nurse in infection control will schedule drug resistance testing.
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1- A nurse manager is reviewing medical records to recommend clients for discharge following a local mass casualty event. Which of the following client should the nurse recommends for discharge?
a- A client who had a seizure48 hr. ago and is on seizure precautions
b- A client who was admitted 24 hr ago with chest pain
c- A client who is scheduled to have a colonoscopy in 12 hr
d- A client who has heart failure and received furosemide IV 1 hr ago
2- A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for tetracycline. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
a- You can take his medication with milk
b- You should take this medication at bedtime
c- Light sensitivity is an adverse effect of this medication
d- Constipation is an adverse effect of this medication
3- A nurse is teaching a client who is postpartum about caring for her newborn's umbilical cord. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
a- Report minor bleeding when the cord's stump falls off
b- Apply petroleum jelly around the cord with every diaper change
c- Cover the cord with the upper edge of the diaper
d- Wash the area around the base of the cord with water
4- A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing acute alcohol toxicity. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?
a- Administer a diuretic to the client
b- Administer a stimulant to the client
c- Measure the client urine specific gravity
d- Insert an NG tube for the client
5- A nurse is ordering a breakfast meal tray for a client who has dysphagia and a prescription for a mechanically altered diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse select?
a- Wheat toast with butter
b- Banana and nut muffin
c- Pancake with syrup
d- Yoghurt and granola
1. b A client who was admitted 24 hr ago with chest pain.
This client may have had an acute episode of chest pain, but if they have been stabilized and their condition has improved, they may be suitable for discharge. The other clients listed have ongoing medical conditions or procedures scheduled in the near future, and would likely require further observation or treatment before discharge.
2. c Light sensitivity is an adverse effect of this medication.
3. a Report minor bleeding when the cord's stump falls off
c Cover the cord with the upper edge of the diaper
d Wash the area around the base of the cord with water
4. d Insert an NG tube for the client.
This is done to prevent aspiration and to administer activated charcoal, which can help absorb any remaining alcohol in the stomach and reduce the risk of further toxicity. The other options are not appropriate interventions for acute alcohol toxicity.
5. a Wheat toast with butter
These diets typically include foods that are soft, moist, and easy to chew and swallow, such as toast with butter, rather than foods that are dry or have a texture that may be difficult to swallow, such as muffins or pancakes.
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A nurse is performing a follow-up assessment of a client who had been treated for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) a year ago. The client tells the nurse that the client is not able to maintain relationships and that the relationships last for a very short time. What is the most likely reason for this problem
The client has trouble earning trust. Long after the horrific incident has passed, people with PTSD continue to endure intense, unsettling thoughts and sensations related to their experience.
Who is most likely to be given a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis?This includes those who have served in the military, are children, or have experienced abuse, physical or sexual assault, disasters, accidents, or other traumatic situations. Approximately 7 to 8 out of every 100 people will experience PTSD at some point in their lives, according to the National Center for PTSD.
Which signs in a client point to detrimental changes in mood and cognition brought on by the traumatic event?negative shifts in mood and cognition: incapacity to remember crucial details of the trauma; persistently unfavorable expectations and ideas about oneself, other people, and the world; unwarranted self-blame for the trauma; exaggeratedly negative attitudes about the trauma's effects; persistently bad
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The patient with Post-traumatic stress disorder is not able to maintain relationships for a long time because the patient cannot develop trust. This is common in patients with PTSD because of the emotional stress that they suffer from.
PTSD patients frequently struggle to keep up with connections. This happens because they have a very poor ability to establish trust. If the client had the correct care, problems like irritation, negativity, and dissociative disorder would already have been treated. Increased arousal symptoms, such as sleeplessness, are present in PTSD patients. Over time, they become more and more secluded. The traumatic event is regularly replayed in the client's dreams, memories, and flashbacks. Having headaches and losing memory of events are not symptoms of PTSD.
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Arrange the order of progression of septic shock. 1 Systemic inflammatory response 2 Infection 3 Sepsis 4 Early septic shock 5 Late septic shock 6 Multiorgan dysfunction syndrome
The order of a septic shock is: 2. infection, 3. sepsis, 1. Systemic inflammatory response, 6. multiorgan dysfunction syndrome, 4. early septic shock, 5. late septic shock.
What is sepsis?Sepsis is an organic response that the body has to a given infection that can be fatal if not treated immediately. The most common cause of sepsis is a severe bacterial infection that affects the entire body.
Septic shock occurs when the bacterial infection becomes large, affecting the vital signs of the individual, leading the body to a shock in which it does not know how to react to such an infection, leading to death.
There are different factors that can predispose to septic shock, such as diabetes, cirrhosis, leukopenia, invasive devices, previous antibiotic treatments, among others.
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All the following apply to the bicuspid valve exceptO a. it is also called the mitral valve O b. it is a semilunar valve O c. it is found on the left side of the heartO d. it prevents blood from backing into the left atrium
With the exception of the semilunar valve, everything below applies to the bicuspid valve. So, option B is correct.
bicuspid valve is also known as mitral valve.it is located between left atrium and left ventricle.hence, it is found on the left side of the heart.when the left ventricle is full, the bicuspid valve closes and keeps blood from flowing backward into the left atrium when the ventricle contracts.hence, it prevents blood from backing into the left atrium.bicuspid valve is an artio ventricular valve, where as aortic and pulmonic valves are Semilunar.therefore, all the other statements are correct except - it is a semilunar valve.To learn more about bicuspid valve
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Opioid analgesics are effective pain management tools for many clients. A significant portion of a nurse's practice is older adults who suffer from chronic pain. What impact does a client's age have on initial dosing
The impact of a client's age on the initial dose of opioid analgesics used to treat pain is a reduced dose.
When it comes to using opioid analgesics for pain management in older adults, age can have a significant impact on initial dosing due to a number of factors. Older adults have decreased muscle mass, body fat, and total body water, which can lead to decreased volume of opioid distribution and decreased clearance from the body. Additionally, older adults often have multiple medical conditions and are taking multiple medications, which can increase their risk of adverse reactions and interactions. All this can affect the pharmacokinetics of the drug, meaning the way the body processes the medication.
This means that older adults may require lower doses of opioids compared to younger adults, and the doses may need to be adjusted more slowly. It is important to note that older adults are also at greater risk of developing side effects such as constipation, sedation, cognitive impairment, and delirium, so close monitoring is essential.
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A client who is a competitive swimmer is diagnosed with swimmer's ear (otitis externa). Which instruction would be least appropriate for the nurse to include when teaching the client about this condition
A competitive swimmer is diagnosed with a swimmer's ear (otitis externa). The most inappropriate instruction for the nurse to include when teaching a client about this condition is "this pain will not cause ear fungus."
What is otitis externa?Otitis externa is an infection that occurs in the outer ear canal. This ear infection can occur due to the entry of water into the ear when bathing or swimming. Water that can't get out will cause the ear canal to be moist, thus triggering the growth of bacteria.
Otitis externa attacks the outer ear canal, which is the part between the ear canal and the eardrum. These ear infections are more common in swimmers. Therefore, otitis externa is also known as a swimmer's ear.
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