All nervous tissue is made up of nerve cells or _______. These transmit high-speed signals called ______ which can be thought of as being similar to an electric current.

Word bank: electrical impulses, dendrites, nerve impulses, axons,neurons
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Answer:

The experiments were conducted in sealed containers.

A substance's total thermal energy depends on its temperature, number of atoms, and physical state.

The total thermal energy of a substance is determined by its temperature, number of atoms, and physical condition. Thermal energy increases as the number of atoms increases and the temperature rises.

If all other variables remain constant, gases have the most thermal energy, followed by liquids, and then solids. Thermal energy is the energy contained within a system that controls its temperature. The passage of thermal energy is defined as heat.

Therefore, the thermal energy depends on its temperature, number of atoms, and physical state.

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Atomic configuration refers to the arrangement of electrons in an atom, specifically the distribution of electrons in the various energy levels and orbitals. Every element has a unique atomic configuration that determines its chemical and physical properties.

Electron configuration is the arrangement of electrons in an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals. It describes the number of electrons in each energy level and the distribution of electrons in the sub-shells (s, p, d, f) within each energy level. The electron configuration of an atom can be represented by a set of quantum numbers or by a notation that uses the symbol of the element, followed by the number of electrons in each sub-shell.

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The molar mass of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)₂ is 74.10 g/mol. The moles of the K₂SO₄ is 0.086 mol . The grams of the glucose is 639 g.

The molar mass of the Calcium oxide , Ca(OH)₂ is :

Ca(OH)₂ = 40 + 2( 15.99 + 1 )

              = 74.10 g/mol

The moles of the  K₂SO₄ in the 15 g of the  K₂SO₄ :

Moles = mass / molar mass

Moles = 15 / 174.25

Moles = 0.086 mol

The moles of the glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆ = 3.55 mol

The mass of the glucose = moles × molar mass

                                         = 3.55 × 180

                                         = 639 g

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The value of the bond energy X in the reaction is 81 kJ/mol.

We know that the bond energy of the substance has to do with the energy that would have to be supplied so as to break the bond that is in the substance. This is also the energy that we would need so as to be able to form the bond.

Let us all now recall that we can be able to obtain the enthalpy of the reaction from the bond energies of the reactants and the products in the reactants in which case we would have;

Sum of bond energies of the reactants - Sum of bond energies of the products

56 = [5(413) + 339] - [431 + 4(413) + X + 346]

56 = (2065 + 339) - (2429 + X)

56 =  2429 - 2404  - X

X = 81 kJ/mol

Thus, we can see that the bond energy of the carbon carbon double bond as we can see is 81 kJ/mol.

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The effective range pH of a buffer  pKa±4 is 3 to 5, pKa±2 is 1 to 3, pKa±3 is 2 to 4, pKa±1 is 0 to 2.

Buffers are made up mostly of a weak acid, which we will refer to as HA, and its conjugate base, which we will refer to as A-. Buffer solutions withstand significant pH fluctuations. Buffers, however, only work across a narrow range of pH values.

A buffer's effective pH range is plus or minus one of the weak acid's pKa value.

so for  pKa±4 the effective PH rang would be

Buffer's effective pH= pKa ± 1

Buffer's effective pH= 4 ± 1 = 3 to 5

so for  pKa± 2 the effective PH rang would be

Buffer's effective pH= pKa ± 1

Buffer's effective pH=  ± 2 = 1 to 3

so for  pKa±3 the effective PH rang would be

Buffer's effective pH= pKa ± 1

Buffer's effective pH= 3 ± 1 = 2 to 4

so for  pKa±1 the effective PH rang would be

Buffer's effective pH= pKa ± 1

Buffer's effective pH= 1 ± 1 = 0 to 2

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The major product of the following reaction is 2-chlorobutane. The reaction sequence begins with an addition of chlorine to an alkene, followed by an elimination reaction to form an alkyl chloride.

The synthesis of 2-chlorobutane is a two-step process that begins with an addition of chlorine to an alkene and ends with an elimination reaction to form an alkyl chloride. This process is an important one in the synthesis of many compounds, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and plastics. In this essay, the synthesis of 2-chlorobutane will be explored in detail, including the reactants and conditions involved in the addition and elimination reactions.

The first step in the synthesis of 2-chlorobutane is an addition reaction of chlorine to an alkene. This reaction is carried out by reacting the chlorine gas with a base, such as potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, in a solvent such as dichloromethane or toluene. The addition of the chlorine to the alkene forms an chlorohydrin, which can then be converted to an alkyl chloride by an elimination reaction.

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The volume of the gas upon cooling at 25°C is 36.9L.

The volume of a gas can be calculated using the Charles's law equation as follows:

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

Where;

According to this question, 40L of a gas is collected at 50.0°C. The volume of the gas upon cooling to 25.0 °C can be calculated as follows:

40/323 = V₂/298

0.1238 × 298 = V

V = 36.9L

Therefore, 36.9L is the volume of the gas upon cooling to 25°C.

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The following attractive forces are important in the secondary structure of a protein: a. hydrogen bonds, b. hydrophobic interactions

The secondary structure of a protein refers to the regular, repetitive, local arrangements of its amino acid residues that occur due to the interactions between atoms of the peptide backbone. The two most common types of secondary structures are the alpha helix and the beta sheet. A. Hydrogen bonds are chemical bonds between the oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the peptide backbone and the hydrogen atoms in the same or in adjacent chains. These bonds play a key role in stabilizing the helical and sheet structures of proteins. B. Hydrophobic interactions are the non-covalent interactions between the nonpolar side chains of amino acids, which tend to avoid water and tend to be inside the protein. These interactions help in keeping the nonpolar side chains of amino acids together, and thereby also help in maintaining the secondary structure of the protein.

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If the battery is defined as the system, the sign on w in part (b) is  w < 0

A battery is a source of electrical energy consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external terminals [1] to power electrical equipment. When a battery supplies electricity, its positive terminal is the cathode and the negative terminal is the anode.[2] The terminal marked negative is the source of electrons that  flow through the external  circuit to the positive terminal. When the battery is connected to an external electrical load, a redox reaction converts high-energy reactants into low-energy products and the free energy difference is supplied as electrical energy to an external circuit. Historically, the term "battery" specifically referred to devices made up of multiple cells. However, usage has evolved to include devices consisting of a single cell.

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Answer:

Continental Drift by Alfred Wegener

Earth's landmasses are in constant motion due to plate tectonics.

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The Lewis structure for a carbon monosulfide (CS) molecule and  Ar are attached.

An atom of carbon has a total of 4 valence electrons, while an atom of sulfur has a total of 6 valence electrons. Therefore, there are a total of ten valence electrons present in the CS molecule (six plus four equals ten).

Therefore, the carbon and sulfur in this chemical come together to create a triple bond, which allows the octets of both C and S in the CS molecule to be completed. Additionally, an electron pair can be found on both the carbon and the sulfur atoms.

The number 18 refers to the atomic number of argon. In its highest energy level, there are a total of eight electrons. It should come as no surprise, then, that the atomic structure of the element has the highest stability of any of the other elements on the periodic table.

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Physical changes include freezing ice cream whereas digesting food and whipping cream are chemical changes. Coarseness is a physical property reactivity and basicity are chemical property.

Examples of physical change include changes in the size or shape of matter. Changes of state, for example, from solid to liquid or from liquid to gas, are also physical changes. Some of the processes that cause physical changes include cutting, bending, dissolving, freezing, boiling, and melting.

Research shows that students frequently use the term chemical change to describe changes in physical state. Freezing and boiling are considered to be examples of chemical reactions.

Digestion of food is a chemical change because the large macromolecules are broken down into simpler molecules by the enzymes present in the stomach and the intestines. It is a chemical change because it involves various chemical reactions.

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Given that it has 4n + 2π electrons, the chemical is an aromatic compound. As a result, it meets the requirements for an aromatic compound and can be classified as such.

The main distinction between an aromatic molecule, an antiaromatic molecule, and a nonaromatic molecule is that an aromatic molecule has a delocalized pi electron system with (4n + 2)π electrons, while an antiaromatic molecule has a delocalized pi electron system with 4n electrons. A nonaromatic molecule does not have a delocalized electron system.

Examples of non-aromatic compounds include those that lack the benzene ring. These compounds include alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and cycloalkanes. The only elements in alkanes (the simplest type of hydrocarbon) are carbon and hydrogen.

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The chemical equation is a multiple of the empirical formula, which is CH2O. Explanation: a 100 g unknown substance.

image outcome

In a hydrocarbon, carbon makes up 92.3% of the mass and hydrogen makes up 7.7%. The compound's empirical formula will be revealed. HCHC5, HCHC3.

Protein makes up 72% of soy beans. Protein content for grains is 38%, 8% for rice, and 52% for wheat. The soybean has the highest protein level of the available alternatives. As a result, it has the most protein.

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The chemical equation is a multiple of the empirical formula, which is CH2O. Explanation: a 100 g unknown substance.

In a hydrocarbon, carbon makes up 92.3% of the mass and hydrogen makes up 7.7%. The compound's empirical formula will be revealed. HCHC5, HCHC3.

Protein makes up 72% of soy beans. Protein content for grains is 38%, 8% for rice, and 52% for wheat. The soybean has the highest protein level of the available alternatives. As a result, it has the most protein.

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The formula for the compound that forms between lithium and each polyatomic ion is [tex]Li_{2}CO_{3}[/tex], [tex]Li_{3}PO_{4}[/tex], [tex]Li_{2} HPO_{4}[/tex] and [tex]CH_{3}COOLi[/tex].

A substance made up of two or more different chemical elements together in a certain ratio is known as a compound in chemistry. When the elements interact with one another, chemical bonds are formed that are difficult to break.

Only a few of the elements on the periodic table have a second letter that is lowercase after their initial capital letter. Therefore, you can tell an ion is polyatomic if it contains two capital letters together.

So, from the question

The compound that lithium will form with carbonate is [tex]Li_{2}CO_{3}[/tex]

The compound that lithium will form with phosphate is [tex]Li_{3}PO_{4}[/tex]

The compound that lithium will form with hydrogen phosphate is [tex]Li_{2} HPO_{4}[/tex]

The compound that lithium will form with acetate is [tex]CH_{3}COOLi[/tex]

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The standard cell potential for:

Mg(s)  +  Fe⁺(aq)   ---->   Mg²⁺(aq)   +   Fe(s) is 1.89 V.

The chemical reaction is given as :

Mg(s)  +  Fe⁺(aq)   ---->   Mg²⁺(aq)   +   Fe(s)

The loss of the electron is called as the oxidation and the gain of the electrons is called as the reduction. In the given chemical equation , the Mg undergoes the oxidation as it looses the electrons. The Fe undergoes the reduction as it gains the electrons.

The standard cell potential is given as :

EMF = E catohe - E anode

EMF = - 0.49 V - ( - 2.38 V)

EMF = 1.89 V

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A pi bond is the result of the d) sideways overlap of two parallel p orbitals.

Pi bonds are bonds that occur as a result of overlapping orbitals of atoms that are not in the bond axis. Each p orbital that contributes to a pi bond has two lobes and has a node at the core.

The pi orbital can hold a maximum of two pairs of electrons. Whereas each electron in a pi bond is also called a pi electron, the pi electrons are used for double bonds or triple bonds. The 2p orbital of carbon has slightly higher energy than the sp2 orbital, so the pi bond formed from two 2p orbitals has somewhat higher energy and is slightly less stable than the sp2-sp2 sigma bond.

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The correct order for Ionic radii in decreasing order in the following order: P3- > S2- > Cl- > K+ > Ca2+.

Here, we see that all species have the same number of electrons—each has 18 electrons—after gaining (in the case of anions) or losing (in the case of cations) the appropriate number of charges over them.

So, in this case, the electrostatic force between the nucleus and the shell-bound electrons is used to determine the ionic radius.

For example, a nucleus with more protons will have a stronger electrostatic force and a smaller ionic radius.

Ionic radii are in decreasing order in the following order: P3- > S2- > Cl- > K+ > Ca2+

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In a galvanic cell, reduction take place at cathode of lead (Pb).

In galvanic cell, oxidation takes place at the zinc electrode, liberating electrons to the external circuit. Reduction takes place at the lead electrode, consuming electrons coming from the external circuit. Since oxidation releases electrons to the anode, it is designated the negative electrode in the galvanic cell.

Reduction occurs at the cathode. Adding a salt bridge completes the circuit allowing current to flow. Anions in the salt bridge flow toward the anode and cations in the salt bridge flow toward the cathode. The movement of these ions completes the circuit and keeps each half-cell electrically neutral.

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Answer:

for number 8 you have to divide by 100 and yes you probably would have enough as avagadros number is 6.02×10^(23)

Answer:

8 protons and electrons.

Explanation:

oxygen-17 has 8 protons and electrons.

# neutrons = mass # - #protons.

So, in oxygen-17, # neutrons = 17 - 8 or 9.

Oxygen-17 has 8 protons, 8 electrons, and 9 neutrons.

The number of grams of hydrogen gas in 2600 ml container at 35 degrees celsius and a pressure of 165 mmHg is 0.045g.

The mass of a substance can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles of a substance by its molar mass.

However, the number of moles of the substance must first be calculated as follows:

PV = nRT

Where;

0.217 × 2.6 = n × 0.0821 × 308

0.5642 = 25.29n

n = 0.5642 ÷ 25.29

n = 0.0223 moles

molar mass of hydrogen gas = 2g/mol

mass of hydrogen gas = 0.0223 × 2 = 0.045grams

Therefore, 0.045grams is the mass of hydrogen gas.

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Answer:

volume = 0.013 m³

Explanation:

The question asks us to calculate the volume of 0.58 moles of H₂ gas at STP.

To do this, we must use the ideal gas equation:

[tex]\boxed{pV = nRT}[/tex],

where:

• p = pressure in Pa

• V = volume in m³

• n = number of moles

• R = molar gas constant (8.31 Jkg⁻¹K⁻¹)

• T = temperature in K

From the question, we know that the number of moles of H₂ is 0.58. Therefore,  n = 0.58. We also know that the volume is asked for when the gas is at STP, therefore: T = 273 K, and p = 101.3 × 10³ Pa.

Using this data and the formula above, we can calculate the volume of the gas:

pV = nRT

⇒ 101.3 × 10³  ×  V = 0.58 × 8.31 × 273

⇒ V = [tex]\frac{0.58 \times 8.31 \times 273}{101.3 \times 10^3}[/tex]

⇒ V = 0.013 m³

Therefore, the volume of the gas is 0.013 m³.

Answer: 3.7926x1024 O atoms

2Mno4- + 4H20 + e- => 2Mno2+3I2+8OH- is a balanced redox reaction through the ion-electron method. A redox reaction is one of the various types of chemical processes that can occur in chemistry.

Changes in the oxidation states of the atoms have a role in that. During this reaction, there actually is an electron transfer or electron shifting between different chemical species. In this reaction, an electron is gained by one species and lost by the other. The distribution of electrons in an element's atomic orbitals is explained by the element's electron configuration. Atomic configurations are expressed using a standard notation that lists all of the atomic subshells that contain electrons in numerical order, with the number of electrons that each shell can accommodate being put in superscript.

MnO4 (aq) +T (aq) => MnO2(s) + I2 (s)

In reduction

2I- => I2+2e- ----->*3

In oxidatation

Mno2-+3e- + H2o => Mno2 +4oh_ --->*2

2Mno4- + 4H20 + e-  => 2Mno2+3I2+8OH-

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Specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature by one degree celsius of one gram of a substance. Therefore, 200.29KJ/mol is the overall enthalpy of the given reaction.

What is Enthalpy?

Enthalpy term is basically used in thermodynamics to show the overall energy that a matter have. Mathematically, Enthalpy is directly proportional to specific heat capacity of a substances. Internal energy is the sum of all kinds of energy that the particles of a matter can possess, for example translational energy. Rotational energy.

O[tex]_3[/tex](g) + NO(g) → NO[tex]_2[/tex](g) + O[tex]_2[/tex](g)

ΔH° formation of  NO[tex]_2[/tex]=33.2KJ/mol

ΔH° formation of O[tex]_3[/tex] =143KJ/mol

ΔH° formation of  NO =90.29KJ/mol

ΔH° for reaction =(33.2 +0)-(143+90.29)

                           =200.29KJ/mol

Therefore, 200.29KJ/mol is the overall enthalpy of the given reaction.

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The symbol of a non-metal in group 1 of the periodic table is hydrogen (H). Hydrogen is unique in that it is the only non-metal in group 1, also known as the alkali metal group.

The other elements in this group, such as lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and so on, are all metals. Hydrogen is also the lightest element on the periodic table and is highly reactive due to its single valence electron. It is a key component of many compounds and plays an important role in various chemical reactions and industrial processes such as the production of ammonia, methanol and hydrogen fuel.

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The symbol of the non metal that is placed in the group 1 with alkali metals is the element hydrogen with the symbol H. The hydrogen is the non metals.

The element placed in the group 1 in the periodic table is the alkali metals. The group 1 elements are the metals. the only element which is not a metal that is a non metals is the Hydrogen. The hydrogen is the non metal and place with alkali metals in the group 1 because the electronic configuration of the hydrogen is same as the alkali metals.

Thus, the non metal that is place in the group 1 is the Hydrogen with the symbol H.

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1 mole of an alcohol are needed to react with 1 mole of an aldehyde to form a hemiacetal.

Alcohol and ether are joined to the same carbon atom as hemiacetals. Hydrogen is positioned at the fourth bonding position. To create a hemiacetal, 1 mole of an alcohol must react with 1 mole of an aldehyde. When an aldehyde and an alcohol interact, a hemiacetal is created. This can happen in one of two ways: as a neutral reaction or catalyzed by an acid. Only the alcohol and the aldehyde are involved in the neutral reaction. The carbon is attacked by the alcohol. The oxygen is forced to receive those extra electrons. Therefore, the ether has a positive charge while the oxygen has a negative charge. In order to create the hemiacetal, the additional proton (hydrogen) on the ether can then be transferred to the oxygen.

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The amount of calories Americans consume has grown over the past 20 years. This is partly because people are unable to identify typical serving sizes.

According to the set point idea, our DNA is programmed with a predetermined weight baseline for our bodies. This concept indicates that our weight may be limited, as well as the degree by which it deviates from that fixed point. Although some of us have higher weight set points than others, the theory states that our bodies have trouble maintaining these ranges.

Leptin is produced by fat cells and subsequently released into the bloodstream. Leptin reduces a person's desire to eat by acting on specific brain regions. It also appears to have a say in how the body handles its fat reserves.

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