D). The rate of the reaction is increased by 32.9 times if an enzyme lowers the Ea by 9.0 kJ/mol at 37°C
B. The activation energy (Ea) is the energy required for a chemical reaction to occur. Lowering the Ea means that the reaction can occur at a lower energy, making it more likely to happen.
The rate of a reaction is related to the Ea through the Arrhenius equation, which states that the rate constant (k) of a reaction is related to the Ea by the equation:
k = A * e^(-Ea/RT)
where A is the pre-exponential factor and R is the gas constant.
At 37°C, the temperature is 310.15 K. So if an enzyme lowers the Ea by 9.0 kJ/mol, the rate of the reaction will increase by a factor of e^(9000/(8.314*310.15))=32.9.
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How does Galileo characterize the motives of his enemies, and why do they use religious arguments against him
Galileo characterized his enemy motives as a threatened group because of the ideas they believed to have tried to be destroyed. They used religious arguments against him to refuse the truth, which was different from theirs.
Galileo was a mathematics professor who develops telescope capabilities with an enlargement of 18-20 times. This telescope was used to confirm the theory of Copernicus heliocentric.
Church had a powerful rule at that time. They believe in Aristotle's theory that the earth is the center of the universe. Aristotle is a philosopher.
At that time science was bound by philosophy. And when Galileo confirmed heliocentric, then it was a threat to the church. According to them the intimidation to Aristotle's theory is intimidation to Christianity.
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a body is placed at a height of 500m calculate the velocity with which it will move when released
The velocity with which will move the body when released from height of 500m is 100m/s
How to calculate velocity?The vertical acceleration is known to be a constant g.
d^2y/dt^2=−g
After integrating, we'll refer to our constant as v0.
dy/dt=v0−gt
That's our time-dependent vertical velocity. In our situation, the starting velocity v0=0, implying that we began at rest at time t=0.
dy/dt=−gt
Let us integrate once more, with the integration constant. y0.\s
y=y0−1/2gt^2
We have
y0=500 and want t when y=0.
2=1000
t=√1000g
We frequently employ the assumption g=10m/s2, which yields t=10
At t=10t=10, how fast is it moving?
dy/dt=−gt=−(10)(10)=−100
DOWN, 100 meters per second.
Gravity's acceleration is always constant and downward, although the amplitude and direction of velocity change. The ball has zero velocity at its greatest point in its trajectory, and the magnitude of velocity increases as the ball descends back toward the earth.
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1.3 (getting to know your textbook) suppose you have a resistor banded with the following colors in order: yellow, red, orange, gold. (a) what is the resistive value for this resistor? (b) what is the closest standard resistor value available with 1% tolerance?
Yellow represents 4, Red represents 2, Orange represents 3 zeros and Gold represents 5% tolerance.
b) what is the closest standard resistor value available with 1% tolerance?The closest standard resistor value available with 1% tolerance is 42,200 ohms (42K). It's worth noting that, these values are based on the standard color code, but there are other variations of color codes that exist, and it is important to check the specific color code being used in your application.
(a) what is the resistive value for this resistor?The resistive value for this resistor can be determined by interpreting the banded colors according to the standard color code for resistors. The first band represents the first significant digit, the second band represents the second significant digit, the third band represents the number of zeros to be added to the first two digits, and the fourth band represents the tolerance of the resistor.
Therefore, the resistive value for this resistor is 42,000 ohms (4*10^4)
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describe why all the energy from the water flowing into the turbine is not transformed into electrical energy
Explanation:
When the water flows at high speed through the turbine, that is actually first a conversion of the potential energy into Kinetic energy, and then the Kinetic energy is now harvested by the turbine.
Water at a height has potential energy. Water moving has Kinetic energy. However it happens, yes, the potential energy does eventually get turned into electrical energy via the turbine driving a generator.
The freezing point of oxygen is about. The freezing point of phosphorous is about higher. What is the approximate freezing point of phosphorous?.
The approximate freezing point of phosphorous will be 44.1°C to solid white phosphorus
The freezing point of oxygen is about -218. The freezing point of phosphorous is about a higher
So, the approximate freezing point of phosphorous
-218 + 262 = 44° C
Why Does It Freeze?
The phase transition of a substance from a liquid state to a solid state is referred to as freezing. This occurrence is known as a phase transition, which occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another.
Both the solid and liquid states coexist at the freezing point because these two phases, liquid and solid, are in equilibrium there. A substance's freezing point is influenced by air pressure.
This tetratomic vapor condenses to liquid white phosphorus which freezes at 44.1°C to solid white phosphorus, a soft, waxy, colorless material.
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If the partial pressure of the diatomic gas is 0. 570 atm, what is the total pressure?.
The partial pressure of Ar is 0.5678 atm.
The partial pressure formula: what is it?As was discussed in the class, the following formula may be used to determine partial pressure: P(gas 1) is equal to x(gas 1) * P(Total), where x(gas 1) is the number of moles(gas 1)/number of moles (total). As you can see, neither the overall volume nor the individual volumes of the gases are needed for the formulas above.
How is total pressure determined?The partial pressures of the individual gases make up the overall pressure of the gas combination. The total number of moles in the gas mixture, or ntot, is equal to the sum of all ni. Ptot = Pi = P1 + P2 + P3...
Partial Pressure of Ar = mole fraction of Ar × Total Pressure
= 0.338 × 1.68 atm
= 0.5678 atm.
Therefore, the partial pressure of Ar is 0.5678 atm.
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A safety helmet extends the time of impact from 0.005 s to 0.020 s. By what factor is the average force that causes the impact reduced?
Answer:
4
Explanation:
Impact Force = mv/2t
Impact force is inversely proportional to t
If m and v are constant and the only thing that changes is t, then:
0.005 s increases by a factor of 4 to 0.020 s
Therefore, impact force reduces by a factor of 4 (1/4 less than when the time of impact was 0.005 s)
If you leave school and walk 150 m Northeast
to the gas station to get a bag of Takis, then you
continue to walk 25 m Northeast to Domino's,
what is your distance traveled? What is your
displacement?
Answer:
Both are 175 m
Explanation:
In this case, the distance (total length traveled) is the same as the displacement (distance from the point of origin to the end point). The person walked a straight line from school all the way to Domino's.
150 m + 25 m = 175 m
An air mass entering alaska from the northern pacific ocean would most likely be labeled on a weather map as.
An air mass entering Alaska from the northern Pacific Ocean would most likely be labeled on a weather map as a maritime polar air mass (mP).
Air masses are large bodies of air that have similar temperature and moisture characteristics. They form over specific regions of the Earth's surface, such as the ocean or a continent, and are classified based on their temperature and moisture characteristics.
Maritime polar air masses form over cold ocean water, such as the northern Pacific Ocean. They are characterized by cool temperatures and high moisture content. When a maritime polar air mass moves over land, it can bring cool, wet weather. In Alaska, it would bring cold and humid air and can also bring precipitation such as snow or rain.
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Sympathetic nervous system
A network of nerves known as the sympathetic nervous system aids in the body's "fight-or-flight" reaction. When you're under stress, in danger, or engaged in physical exercise, this system becomes more active.
What is Sympathetic nervous system ?increases in heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and pupil size are caused by this area of the neurological system. Additionally, it results in blood vessels narrowing and a decrease in digestive juices.
The sympathetic nervous system is a portion of the nervous system that is responsible for producing reflex cardiovascular system alterations as well as localized adjustments (such sweating in reaction to a rise in body temperature).
Along with its opposite, the parasympathetic nervous system, the sympathetic nervous system is a component of the autonomic nervous system. The thoracic and lumbar spinal cord segments, collectively referred to as the thoracolumbar division, are where the sympathetic nervous system originates (T1 to L2,3).
Thus, A network of nerves known as the sympathetic nervous system aids in the body's "fight-or-flight" reaction.
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Who invented the first accurate clock?
Answer:
A Dutch man called Christiaan Huygens, in 1657.
A horse pulls a wagon forward. What is the equal and opposite force for the force of the horse pulling forward on the wagon as described by newton's third law?.
The equal and opposite force is equal to the sum of any frictional force to the product of the mass of the wagon and the acceleration of the wagon
According to the Newton's third law states that for every action, or force, there is an equal and opposite reaction
The equal and opposite force = The mass of the Wagon, m × The acceleration of the wagon, a + Any frictional force present,
Whereby the force with which the horse pulls the wagon = F, mathematically, we have the following;
The equal and opposite force = -F = m × a
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The equal and opposite force for the force of the horse pulling forward on the wagon as described by newton's third law is given as the sum of frictional force with the product of the mass of the wagon and the acceleration of the wagon.
The horse pulling the wagon in forward direction pushes the ground in forward direction. The ground also exerts a force which has same magnitude.
According to Newton's third law, there is an equal and opposite reaction to every force or action.
The equal and opposite force = The mass of the Wagon, m × the acceleration of the wagon, a + Frictional force to the movement Ff
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A ball is rolled horizontally off a table with an initial speed of 0.24 m/s. A stop watch measures the ball's trajectory time from table to the floor to be 0.30 s. How far away from the table does the ball land? (g= 9.8 m/s2 and air resistance is negligible)
Select one:
a.
1.2 m
b.
0.055 m
c.
0.072 m
d.
1.9 m
Option c is accurate because using the gravitational constant, the figure for distance d comes out to be 0.072m.
d= 1/2gt^2
d= 1/2(9.8)(0.30^2)
d=0.44m
The definition of gravitational constant?The gravitational force between two bodies of equal mass that are held at an equal distance from one another constitutes the global gravitational constant.
What is G Class 11 of the gravitational constant?A number used in Newton's law of gravity to relate the gravitational pull of two bodies to their masses and distance from one another. Approximately 6. 673 10 11 Nm2 kg2 is the gravitational constant.
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A student made measurements to determine the specific heat capacity of vegetable oil
Figure 2 shows the equipment used....................
aqa combined science physics higher
Using the formula of specific heat capacity, it can be calculated by measuring amount of heat transferred and temperature increased by this equipment.
What is specific heat capacity?The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilograms of tissue by 1 K (=1°C) is measured by the specific heat capacity of tissue, or c [J/(kg K)].
Frist, the temperature and the amount of heat of the vegetable oil in the beaker be measured. After that, its temperature should be increased up to certain degrees by using electric heater and all the measurements will be noted.
Then using the formula of specific heat capacity, it can be calculated.
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Answer:
May I ask where you found that paper?
When a refrigeration system that produces low or no cooling has low suction pressure, high head pressure, and high evaporator pressure, it probably _____.
When a refrigeration system that produces low or no cooling has low suction pressure, high head pressure, and high evaporator pressure, it probably an undercharge of refrigerant. Correct answer: letter D.
An undercharge of refrigerant in a refrigeration system is one of the most common causes of low or no cooling. When refrigerant is undercharged, the system is unable to produce the necessary cooling effect, resulting in:
Low suction pressure.High head pressure.High evaporator pressure.Additionally, an undercharge of refrigerant can be caused by a leak in the system or by improper charging during installation.
When a refrigeration system producing low to normal refrigeration operates continuously without stopping and has high suction pressure and high head pressure, the probable cause is ______.
a. An inefficient compressor.
b. A low-side restriction.
c. Noncondensables trapped in the condenser.
d. An undercharge of refrigerant.
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Suppose the distance from the lens system of the eye (cornea + lens)to the retina is 17 mm.
(a) What must the power of the lens be when looking at distant objects?
(b) What must the power of the lens be when looking at an object 20.0 cm from the eye?
a) The power of the lens when looking at distant objects is calculated to be 0.058 D.
b) The power of the lens when looking at an object 20.0 cm from the eye is 0.05 D.
The power of a lens is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length. It is represented by the letter P. The power P of a lens of focal length f (in m) is given by, P = 1/f. The SI unit of power of a lens is dioptre.
Given that,
Focal length = 17 mm
Power = 1/focal length = 1 / 17 = 0.058 D
b) Power of the lens when looking at an object 20 cm from the eye is 0.05 D
Focal length = 20 cm
Power = 1/focal length
Power = 1/20
Power = 0.05 D
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Why is chronometer important in marine navigation?
Chronometers are important in marine navigation because they provide a reliable and accurate measure of time. This is necessary for calculating longitude, which is an essential part of navigation, as well as for synchronizing other navigational instruments. Chronometers are also important for determining the speed of a vessel and for tracking its progress over time.
A chronometer is essential in marine navigation because it provides an accurate measure of time and is used to calculate longitude. Longitude is an essential part of navigation, as it tells you the exact location of a ship. Accurate timekeeping is key in order to calculate the correct longitude, so having a reliable and accurate chronometer is essential for safe navigation.
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A charge alters the space around it. what is this alteration of space called?
The alteration of space around a charge is called the "electric field."
An electric field is a physical quantity that describes the force exerted on a charged particle in a specific location. The strength of the electric field is determined by the amount of charge present and the distance from that charge. Electric field strength is measured in units of volts per meter (V/m). The direction of the electric field is defined as the direction that a positive test charge would be pushed or pulled if placed in that location. Electric field lines are often used to represent the direction and strength of an electric field. The lines radiate away from positive charges and toward negative charges, with the density of the lines indicating the strength of the field.
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the measure of the duration of an even is called ______ ?
Answer:
Time
Explanation:
Time.measures the duration in which an event occured.
A 0.250 kg block resting on a frictionless horizontal surface is attached to a spring having force constant 83.8 N/m as in figure P13.16. A horizontal force F causes the spring to stretch a distance of 5.46 cm from its equilibrium position.
(a) Find the value of F.
(b) What is the total energy stored in the system when the spring is stretched?
(c) Find the magnitude of the acceleration of the block immediately after the applied force is removed.
(d) Find the speed of the block when it first reaches the equilibrium position.
(e) If the surface is not frictionless but the block still reaches the equilibrium position, how would your answer to part (d) change? What other information would you need to know to answer?
Answer:
Explanation:
a)
By Hooke's law
F=kx
⇒kd
=83.8×0.0546
=4.575N
By Hooke's law, F=kx ⇒kd =83.8×0.0546 =4.575N.
What is Hooke's law?The first traditional example of an explanation of elasticity is Hooke's law. Elasticity is the quality of a substance or item that allows it to return to its original shape after distortion.
It is possible to refer to a "restoring force" as the capacity to restore normal shape after distortion. This restoring force, when viewed in the context of Hooke's Law, is often proportional to the degree of "stretch" encountered.
These experiments can range from blowing up a balloon and pulling on a rubber band to calculating the amount of wind pressure required to bend and wobble a tall building.
Therefore, By Hooke's law, F=kx ⇒kd =83.8×0.0546 =4.575N.
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How did white europeans and americans use charles darwin's theory on evolution to justify europe's imperialism?.
They cited evolution to explain that the peoples they conquered were an inferior race and needed their leadership.
Social Darwinists defended imperialism by claiming that because of their supremacy, these imperial powers had to conquer other countries in order for human evolution to proceed.
Social Darwinism was utilized by imperialists as justification for their meddling or hegemony in other nations. The arguments made claimed that white Europeans and Americans were more advanced than other peoples and that it was therefore not only their right but also their responsibility to subjugate others. They stated that they were helping those nations. The poem "The White Man's Burden" by Rudyard Kipling, in which he depicts the dominated people as inferior, immature, and heretics, is a particularly fine illustration of this concept.
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The complete question is
How did white Europeans and Americans use Charles Darwin's theory on evolution to justify Europe's imperialism?
a. European scientists were eager to study undiscovered species in the jungles of India and Africa.
b. They cited evolution to explain that the peoples they conquered were an inferior race and needed their leadership.
c. Many championed the European ideas of equality and freedom for all people.
d. Charles Darwin encouraged people to expand the religions in Europe around the globe.
A projectile of mass 0.877 kg is shot straight up with an initial speed of 27.3 m/s. (a) How high would it go if there were no air resistance? (b) If the projectile rises to a maximum height of only 8.49 m, determine the magnitude of the average force due to air resistance.
A projectile of mass 0.877 kg is shot straight up with an initial speed of 27.3 m/s. It would go 37.98 m if there were no air resistance. If the projectile rises to a maximum height of only 8.49 m, e the magnitude of the average force due to air resistance will be253.71 N
Mass projectile=0.85 kg=m
Velocity projectile=30 m/s=
u = initial velocity
Final velocity =0
g is acceleration due to gravity=9.81 m/s²
h is maximum height of the projectile
a)the height can be calculate as follows:
In this case loss of Kinetic energy (K.E.) = loss in potential energy (P.E.)
ΔK.E.=ΔP.E.
1/2mu²-1.2mv²= mgh
1/2 m xu² = mgh
h = u²/ 2g
h = (27.3)²/ 2 ( 9.81)
h= 37.98 m
b) the magnitude can be calculate as follows:
h' is height of the projectile=8.49 m
F is Average force due to air resistance
There will be a loss of P.E. due to air resistance
ΔP.E.=mg(h-h')
F×h'=mg(h-h')
F×8.49=0.877×9.81(37.98-8.49)
F= 0.877×9.81(37.98-8.49)
8.49
F= 253.71 N
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How does global warming alter the albedo of the Arctic? Select the two correct answers.
Melting sea ice to reveal darker water.
Changing migration patterns for sea life.
Melting glaciers to reveal darker soil.
Replacing tundra with more rapid growth.
The two effects of global warming on the albedo of the Arctic include;
Melting sea ice to reveal darker water.Melting glaciers to reveal darker soil.What is global warming?Global warming is defined as the phenomenon of increasing average air temperatures near the surface of Earth over the past one to two centuries.
There several consequences that results from the effect of global warming on our planets and they include the following;
Hotter temperaturesMore severe stormsIncreased droughtA warming, rising oceanLoss of speciesNot enough foodMore health risksPoverty and displacement, etcAlso, global warming affects the Arctic as well. As a result of global warming, the resulting sea ice and snow loss significantly lowers the albedo of the Arctic. This causes increased absorption of solar radiation, leading to a cycle of more sea ice melt.
Thus, an increase in global temperature causes snow and ice to melt, which decreases the extent to which they cover the surface, which then decreases Earth's albedo.
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when are electrical forces between charges normally strongest?
Electrical forces between charges are normally strongest when the charges are close together.
The repulsive or attractive interplay among any charged bodies is known as an electric-powered force. just like any pressure, its effect and effects on the given frame are defined by means of Newton's laws of motion. the electric force is one of the diverse forces that act on gadgets.
Electric-powered force is the attractive pressure between the electrons and the nucleus. Now, a nice price or a bad price creates a field inside the empty space around it, and we call that empty area an electric field. electrical forces result from mutual interactions between prices. In situations involving three or greater expenses, the electric force on a single charge is merely the result of the blended results of every character fee interplay of that price with all different charges.
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You push a box with 500 N of force on a frictionless surface. The box accelerates at 7 m/s2. What is the mass of the box
The mass of the box will be 71.43 kg.
The box you are pushing has a mass of 71.43 kg (500 N divided by 7 m/s2).
F=ma
500 N= X x 7m/s ²
X= 500/ 7
X = 71.43 kg
This is because when an object is pushed on a frictionless surface, the force applied (500 N in this case) is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by the acceleration (7 m/s2 in this case).
Therefore, when the force (500 N) is divided by the acceleration (7 m/s2), the result is the mass of the box (71.43 kg).
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in an isolated system, a red ball of mass m moves to the right with speed v. it strikes a green ball, of mass 2m, which was initially stationary. after the collision, the red ball remains stationary. how does the green ball move? to the right, with speed v2
When two objects collide, there's no net loss of kinetic energy within the system. This is known as an elastic collision. In elastic collisions, kinetic energy and momentum are both conserved.
In physics, what exactly is a collision?In physics, collision, which is also known as impact, is the abrupt, violent coming together in close proximity of two, such as two pool cues, a golf club as well as a ball, the hammer and just a nail, two railroad cars while linked, or a falling item as well as a floor.
What really is collision and why does it happen?Following is a list of the primary collision types: collisions that occur in elastic media preserve both momentum and kinetic energy. All that is conserved in inelastic collisions is momentum. Perfectly inelastic collisions: Because the kinetic energy is lost, the objects adhere to one another just after collision.
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what is the force of gravity on a 220 kg reindeer
Answer: The total force required by the reindeer to accelerate such a sled is given by Force in Newtons equals mass in Kg times Acceleration
Explanation:
A car travels 2. 625 miles in 3. 5 minutes at a constant speed. How far did the car travel in 5 minutes?.
In that amount of time and constant speed, the car will travel 3.75 miles.
First we need to find the car's travel distance or velocity per minute in order to calculate how far it will go in 5 minutes. This can be done by subtracting 2.625 miles from 3.5 minutes, which gives us the answer of 0.75 miles per minute for the car's rate of travel. Because of this, the distance that the car will go in five minutes is equal to 0.75 miles per minute multiplied by the number of minutes, which is equal to 3.75 miles.
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What are the official names for the big dipper and the little dipper? ursa major and sirius orion and rigel ursa major and ursa minor ursa minor and orion.
Ursa major and Ursa minor are the official names for the big dipper and the little dipper.
There is a connect-the-dots activity (which also reviews the alphabet) that introduces patterns in the night sky. It concludes with a night-time outdoor activity to see the Big Dipper, the Little Dipper, and the North Star on a clear night. Spread this activity out over the course of two days, and enjoy the stars in the clear night sky.
Star- an object in space that is made of burning gas and that looks like a point of light in the night sky. Some stars have names, and some even have nick-names. Stars are huge, but they are so far away that they seem very, very tiny. The Sun is the closest star to Earth.
Constellation - a group of stars that forms a shape in the sky. The shape can be a person, an animal, or an object (like a pot or a musical instrument). asterism- a group of stars that make a small shape, usually inside of a bigger constellation.
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Ursa major and Ursa minor are the official names for the big dipper and the little dipper.
The night sky patterns are introduced in a connect-the-dots game that also reviews the alphabet. A nighttime outdoor activity to observe the North Star, Little Dipper, and Big Dipper on a clear night marks its conclusion. Enjoy the stars in the beautiful night sky by spreading out this exercise across two days.
A star is a blazing gas-filled object in space that resembles a point of light in the night sky. Some celebrities have names and even nicknames. Stars are enormous, yet because they are so far away, they appear to be incredibly small. The Sun is the star that is closest to Earth.
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Diffraction Limit: a) How far away can a human eye distinguish two car headlights 2.0m apart? Consider only diffraction effects and assume an eye pupil diameter of 6 mm and a wavelength of 560 nm.b) What is the minimum angular separation an eye could resolve when viewing two stars, considering only diffraction effects?c) In reality, the minimum angular separation is about 1′ of arc. Why is it not equal to your answer in part b)?
a) The human eye can distinguish two car headlights 2.0m apart that are at least 37 cm away.
The diffraction limit for the human eye can be calculated using the formula:
d = 1.22 * λ / d_pupil
where d is the distance at which two headlights can be distinguished, λ is the wavelength of light and d_pupil is the diameter of the eye's pupil. Plugging in the given values, we have:
d = 1.22 * 560 * 10^-9 m / 6 * 10^-3 m = 0.037 m = 37 cm
So the human eye can distinguish two car headlights 2.0m apart that are at least 37 cm away.
b) The minimum angular separation that an eye could resolve when viewing two stars can be calculated using the formula:
θ = 1.22 * λ / D
where θ is the minimum angular separation, λ is the wavelength of light, and D is the diameter of the eye's pupil. Plugging in the given values, we have:
θ = 1.22 * 560 * 10^-9 m / 6 * 10^-3 m = 2.2 * 10^-6 radians
c) The diffraction limit is only one of the factors that limit the angular resolution of the human eye. Other factors such as the neural processing in the eye, aberrations in the eye's optics, and the level of light entering the eye also play a role in determining the minimum angular separation that can be resolved.
Additionally, the 1' arc value that you mentioned might also include atmospheric distortion which affects the resolution of the telescope.
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