consider that one diode in the bridge rectifier fails shorted. explain how the normal circuit operation changes. does some element overload? does the output change? g
Answers
Diodes in rotating rectifiers may fail due to an Open Circuit (OC) or Short Circuit (SC), overloading the exciter and preventing the alternator from running safely. Overheating will cause damage to the Xmer or AC source delivering power to the bridge rectifier.
What happens when a diode shorts in a bridge rectifier?A direct short-circuit is said to occur whenever one diode is damaged and this is detected by the available AC power supply. Now, overheating will result in a damage to the Xmer Transformer or AC source providing power to the bridge rectifier.
The same symptom occurs in the center-tapped circuit and it will be displayed by an open diode in a full-wave bridge rectifier, as shown in the attached image. During the first half of the input voltage cycle, the open diode tends to stop the current from flowing through RL. The end result would be the Half-wave rectification, and at 60 Hz, it must double the ripple voltage.
Diodes in rotating rectifiers may likely fail as result of Open Circuit (OC) or Short Circuit (SC), overloading the exciter and preventing the alternator from running safely. This is as a result of the aging phenomenon and continuous process regime.
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Related Questions
technician a says that the pcv system should create a slight pressure in the crankcase at idle. technician b says that the pcv system should create a slight vacuum in the crankcase at 2,500 rpm. which technician is correct?
Answers
When technician A says that the PCV system should create a slight pressure in the crankcase at idle and Technician B says that the PCV system should create a slight vacuum in the crankcase at 2,500 RPM. The correct technician is Technician B.
What is a PCV System?It is to be noted that the PCV controls the pressure used to clear blow-by gases from the crankcase. The pressure-regulating valve lowers the vacuum effect in the crankcase by directing away the blow-by gases. This keeps the engine seals from being damaged (which could be blown out if the pressure gets too high).
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Full Question:
Technician A says that the PCV system should create a slight pressure in the crankcase at idle. Technician B says that the PCV system should create a slight vacuum in the crankcase at 2,500 rpm. Which technician is correct?
A) technician A
B) technician B
C) both technicians A and B
D) neither technicians A nor B
technician a says that if a fuse blows as soon as it is installed, a short to ground is indicated. technician b says the component will not turn off if the short to ground is on the ground side of the load component but before a grounding switch. who is correct?
Answers
Both technicians A and B are correct. It is because when a just-installed fuse blows, it indicates a short-to-ground. If the short-to-ground is on the ground side of the load component and before a grounding switch, the component is not turned off.
A short-to-ground is a term used to refer to a short circuit that has a direct connection to the ground. A short-to-ground in the electrical system can cause a fuse to blow when a component is just installed. When a short-to-ground occurs on the ground side of the installed component but before a grounding-side switch, it usually not results in turning the component off.
As per the above description, it is concluded that both technician A and technician B state correctly.
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What can your employer do to protect you from overhead power lines
Answers
Answer: maintain a safe distance from lines when working.
Explanation:
Have the power company de-energize and ground the power lines.
wearing ppe is the only way to prevent being electrocuted.
have the power company install insulated sleeves (also known as “eels”) over power lines.
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a round reinforcing bar constructed from cold-rolled steel and 320 mm long is required to support a tensile load of 65 kn. determine the minimum cross-sectional area if the stress cannot exceed 240 mpa or elongate more than .42 mm.
Answers
The minimum cross-sectional area if the stress cannot exceed 240 mpa will be 19mm.
What is cross-sectional area?
The cross-sectional area consequently depends on where and how that plane is crossing (intersecting) the 3-dimensional object. For example, a straight piece of (cylindrical) pipe, because once crossed by a plane perpendicular to the direction (cylindrical symmetry axis), the cross-sectional area is a circular ring; even as plane tilts along the axis, crossing iit at an angle between 90 and 0 degrees, the cross-sectional area becomes larger as well as of elliptical shape.
L=320mm=0.32m
P=65000N
бт=240×10⁶N/m²
240×10⁶> 65000/(π/4×d²) ∴бт= load/(c/s area)
∴ d= 18.57mm
∴d=19mm
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a pulsed-wave transducer has a resonant frequency of 6 mhz. the lowest frequency in the pulse is 3 mhz and the highest is 12 mhz. what is the bandwidth?
Answers
The bandwidth of this pulsed-wave transducer is calculated to be 9 MHz if the lowest frequency in the pulse is 3 MHz and the highest is 12 MHz.
Bandwidth is a term used related to frequency, which represents the range of frequencies occupied by a modulated radio-frequency signal which in this case is a pulsed-wave transducer.
It is usually given in hertz (Hz) or megahertz (MHz). It can also be given as a percentage of the radio frequency.
In other words, bandwidth refers to the difference between the highest frequency and the lowest frequency found in a pulse. Therefore;
bandwidth = highest frequency - lowest frequency
Substituting the values of the given highest and lowest frequency in this equation;
bandwidth = 12MHz - 3MHz
bandwidth = 9MHz
Therefore, the bandwidth of this pulsed-wave transducer is calculated to be 9MHz.
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the given fsm has input b, output z, and starts in state x. what is the fsm's resulting output if b is 1 on the first rising clock edge, 1 on the second, and 1 on the third?
Answers
The fsm's resulting output if b is 1 on the first rising clock edge, 1 on the second, and 1 on the third is Z=1.
What is fsm?
A finite-state machine (FSM), sometimes known as a finite automaton (FSA, plural: automata), or simply a state machine, is a mathematical model of computation. It is an abstract machine that can only be in one of a finite set of states at any one moment. In response to some inputs, the FSM can transition from one state to another; this transition is referred to as a transition. An FSM is defined by a set of states, an initial state, and the inputs that cause each transition. There are two kinds of finite-state machines: deterministic finite-state machines and non-deterministic finite-state machines. A deterministic finite-state machine can be built in the same way as any non-deterministic one.
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on a vehicle with dual filament brake / taillight bulbs, whenever the brake pedal is pressed the taillights as well as the brake lights of the vehicle illuminate dimly. technician a says the brake lights / taillights may have a poor ground connection. technician b says the brake light switch may have excessive resistance. who is correct?
Answers
Technician A exists correct. In contrast to brake lights, which turn on instantly when you hit the brakes, tail lights are activated by turning on your headlights or applying the parking brake.
Why would the brake warning light come on when you press on the foot brake?When you press on the brake pedal, friction material from the brake pads snags the rotors. Over time, that friction substance deteriorates. When your brake pads are getting close to their minimum thickness, tiny sensors recognize it and turn on the dash light to alert you that it's time for brake maintenance.
In contrast to brake lights, which turn on instantly when you hit the brakes, tail lights are activated by turning on your headlights or applying the parking brake. The brake lights are a brighter red than the tail lights, which are typically red on cars.
One of three things could be the case if one or more of your brake lights aren't functioning properly: either the brake light system fuse has blown, the brake light bulbs have burned out, or the brake light wire switch has malfunctioned. These problems are all simple to fix.
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a person with a background in engineering, computer science, or physics might choose to work as a technical specialist in a high-tech sector. this type of support role is referred to as a(n)
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A person with a background in engineering, computer science, or physics might choose to work as a technical specialist in a high-tech sector this type of support role is referred to as a(n) sales engineer.
What is the role of sales engineer?Sales engineers have a focus on cutting-edge technology and scientific products. They make use of their technical expertise to highlight the advantages of their goods and services to potential clients and to demonstrate how they outperform those of their rivals.
Traveling to see prospective customers. establishing new ties with clients and preserving current ones. handling and interpreting client demands. influencing customers to believe that a product or service will best meet their needs.
His kind of work has significant earning potential, especially with commission. Best of all, sales engineers can often transition with ease into a related field like consulting or product management—or ascend to a sales management role.
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n air conditioning system operating on the reversed carnot cycle is required to transfer heat from a house at a rate of 750 kj/min to maintain its temperature at 24 c. if the outdoor air temperature is 35 c, determine the power required to operate this air conditioning system. answer: 0.463 kw. additional: if the heat rejected to the outside air is used to provide hot water, at what volume rate could hot water at 30 c be produced for domestic use? assume the initial temperature of the water is 20 c.
Answers
The power needed to run this air conditioning system is 0.466 KW. an ideal closed thermodynamic cycle that is reversible in which the working substance undergoes four isothermal expansion processes in succession.
Step 1: Information is provided
The house's heat transfer rate is 755 kJ/min (Ql).
Temperature inside the home = Th = 24°C = 24 +273 = 297 Kelvin
Temperature outside is 35 °C, which is equivalent to 35 + 273 Kelvin.
Step 2: Determine the performance coefficient of a reversed carnot air conditioner operating within the given temperature ranges.
COPr,c = ((To/Th) - 1) / 1)
COPr,c = 1 /((308/297) - 1)
COPr,c = 1/ 0.037
COPr,c = 27
Step 3: The power input can be provided as described below:
Ql / COPr,max = Wnet,in
= 755 / 27 Wnet, in
Wnet,in equals 27,963 kJ/min
Win is equal to 27.963 * 1 KW/60 kJ/min, or 0.466 KW.
The power needed to run this air conditioning system is 0.466 KW.
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technician a says that the higher the gear selected the more torque is available. technician b says that a transaxle contains gears that increase or decrease torque. who is correct?
Answers
Technician A is correct. Technician B is wrong because a gear's transmission is used to increase or decrease torque.
The relation torque is relying on multiplying the circumferential detail with the resource of the usage of the radius; massive gears experience a greater amount of torque, at the same time as smaller gears experience a great deal much less torque. Similarly, the torque ratio is equal to the ratio of the gears' radii. A gear's transmission torque modifications as it will boom or decreases speed. Commonly, with the resource of the usage of lowering the speed, a small torque on the doorway issue is transferred as a massive torque at the output issue. The calculation of torque is quantified with the resource of the usage of an extensive form of teeth.
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technician a says that the cranking circuit should be tested for proper amperage draw. technician b says that an open in the control circuit will not prevent starter motor operation. which technician is correct?
Answers
Technical A is correct; check the cranking circuit for adequate amperage draw.
What is the operation of a starter motor?When you turn on the ignition, an internal electromagnet inside the body activates and forces a rod with a pinion connected outward. As the pinion and flywheel make contact, the starter motor rotates.This causes the engine to spin and pull in air (as well as fuel). A starter is a device that rotates (cranks) an internal combustion engine so that it can begin running on its own power. It is also referred to as a self-starting, cranking, or beginning motor.The starter motor is powered by the solenoid, which assists in moving the starter gear forward so that it meshes with the engine flywheel.This flywheel is attached to the crankshaft of the engine and rotates with it as the starter motor turns.To learn more about starter motor operation, refer to:
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1. truss abc is changed by decreasing its height from h to 0.9 h. width w and load p are kept the same. which one of the following statements is true for the revised truss as compared to the original truss? a) force in all its members have decreased. b) force in all its members have increased. c) force in all its members have remained the same. d) none of the above.
Answers
truss abc is changed by decreasing its height from h to 0.9 h. width w and load p are kept the same - force in all its members have increased. is the correct statement
What is force?
According to Aristotle, a force is something that causes an item to move "unnaturally." One of the first researchers to explore force and gravity was Sir Isaac Newton. A push or a push is all that constitutes a force. It might be compared to pushing or pulling on an object. An external force is an agent that has the power to alter the resting or moving condition of a body. It has a direction and a magnitude. An application of force is the location at which force is applied, and the direction in which the force applied is defined as the the force's direction.
After resolving the members, we obtain the increased component for each member, which causes the force in each member to rise as the height decreases and the angle at each vertex increases.
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two technicians are discussing drum brake shoes. technician a says that forward and rearward facing shoes are the same and can be installed in either position on any drum brake system. technician b says that the longer linings should always be placed toward the front of the vehicle which technician is correct?
Answers
Both technicians are wrong.
Drum Brakes :
Drum brakes generate consistent braking force whether the vehicle travels forward or backward. Drum brakes produce the same amount of braking force in both directions, which explains this. This kind is typically utilised for the passenger car's rear brakes. Drum brakes have brake drums that rotate with the wheels. A drum braking system includes brake shoes. The crescent-shaped brake shoes have a rough friction surface on one side. They are contained within a brake drum. The brake shoes are thrust outward when the brake pedal is depressed, pressing on the brake drum's interior and slowing the wheel.
Although disc brakes are the more reliable and efficient option, they are not without drawbacks. Although they are not very practical, drum brakes are necessary for parking a car—unless, of course, you want to return to the days of wooden blocks on sticks. As a result, modern cars frequently still have drum brakes.
A drum braking system includes brake shoes. The crescent-shaped brake shoes have a rough friction surface on one side. They are contained within a brake drum. The brake shoes are thrust outward when the brake pedal is depressed, pressing on the brake drum's interior and slowing the wheel. Drum brakes and brake shoes are vintage braking system components that are becoming less frequent on contemporary cars. However, because drum brakes are less expensive to manufacture, some car models will have them on the back wheels.
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Technician A is wrong and Technician B words that drum brake shoes need to be cleaned and reused when lining is stained with gear oil or grease is correct.
What is drum brake shoes?A drum braking system includes brake shoes. The crescent-shaped brake shoes have a rough friction surface on one side. They are contained within a brake drum. The brake shoes are thrust outward when the brake pedal is depressed, pressing on the brake drum's interior and slowing the wheel. Each drum contains brake shoes with brake linings (friction material). To provide braking force and enable the vehicle to slow down and stop, pistons (a pressure mechanism) press against the drums from the inside. With the right care and maintenance, drum brakes can typically be expected to last between 150,000 and 200,000 miles. They typically require new brake shoes every 30,000 to 40,000 miles.
Technician A is wrong and Technician B words that drum brake shoes need to be cleaned and reused when lining is stained with gear oil or grease is correct.
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the wind velocity on the upstream side of a wind turbine is 5.2 m/s. if the turbine extracts 31% of the available kinetic energy, what is the wind velocity on the downstream side of the turbine in m/s? please include one decimal place in your answer.
Answers
The wind velocity on the downstream side of the turbine in 4.3 m/s.
What do you mean by wind velocity?
Wind velocity is the wind speed measured at 2 metres above ground at pedestrian level. It is an air ventilation metric that has a direct impact on outdoor thermal comfort. It has been demonstrated that urban morphology or building coverage adversely affects air ventilation.
Given, wind veloocity on upstream, V= 5.2m/s
Proportion of kinetic energy extraction= 31%
=31/100
=0.31
As we know that,
kinetic energy=1/2mv²
=1/2m×(5.2)²
=13.52m-------(1)
where, m= mass, v= velocity
Remaining kinetic energy on downstream
=13.52m×(1-0.31)
=9.3288m
Now, velocity at downstream= 1/2mu²
⇒9.3288m=1/2mu²
⇒u²=(9.3288×2×m)/m
⇒u=√19.6576
=4.3194444
Therefore, velocity at downsteam ≅ 4.3m/s
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technician a says that burning of fossil fuels has increased the greenhouse gas co2 in the atmosphere. technician b says that increased lumber operations have removed trees, increasing the levels of co2 in the atmosphere. which technician is correct?
Answers
According to the question of fossil fuels, technician A is correct.
What is fossil fuel?
A fossil fuel is a hydrocarbon-containing material that occurs naturally in the Earth's crust as from remains of deceased plants and animals and is gathered and utilised as a fuel. Coal, crude oil, and natural gas are the primary fossil fuels. Fossil fuels can be burned to generate direct heat, power engines, or generate electricity.
Burning of fossil fuels has increased greenhouse gas CO2 levels in the atmosphere. When fossil fuels are burned, significant volumes of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, are released into the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases trap heat in our atmosphere, which contributes to global warming. Already, the average global temperature has risen by 1 degree Celsius.
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4-bit synchronous counter. note that the output of a previous flip- flop, anded with the count enable line, is tied into both the j and k inputs of the next flip-flop. why is this?
Answers
4-bit synchronous - The output of a previous flip-flop is tied into both the J and K inputs of the next flip-flop because this ensures that the output of the previous flip-flop will be the same as the input to the next flip-flop. This is necessary in order to
What is 4-bit synchronous?
A 4-bit Synchronous Up Counter starts counting from 0 (0000 in binary), increases or counts up to 15, and then resets to begin a new counting cycle. This counter operates at a significantly higher frequency than an Asynchronous Counter of the same range. Additionally, there is no propagation delay inside the synchronous counter simply because all flip-flops as well as counter stages are connected to the same parallel clock source, which simultaneously triggers all counters. The external clock is delivered directly to all J-K Flip-flops in a parallel manner at the same time. If we look at the circuit, the J and K pins of the first flip-flop, which is the least important bit in the this 4-bit synchronous counter, are connected to an external Logic 1 input.
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8. what precautions would you take in machining with brittle tool materials, especially ceramics? what rake angle (positive or negative) would you choose?
Answers
Answer: Negative!
Explanation:
With brittle tool materials, we first want to prevent chipping, such as by using negative rake angles and reduce vibration and chatter. Also, brittleness of ceramic tools applies to thermal angles and reduce vibration and chatter. Also,
brittleness of ceramic tools applies to thermal
gradients, as well as to strains. To prevent tool
failures due to thermal gradients, a steady supply of cutting fluid should be applied, as well
as selecting tougher tool materials.
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describe the result to the 24v secondary on a transformer with a 208/230v dual-rated primary when it is wired for 230v but installed on a 208v system.
Answers
The result to the 24v secondary on a transformer with a 208/230v dual-rated primary when it is wired for 230v but installed on a 208v system is 26.538V.
What is transformer?
A transformer is a passive component that transmits electrical energy from one circuit to another, or from many circuits. A changing current in any of the transformer's coils causes a changing magnetic flux in the core, which induces a changing electromotive force (EMF) across any additional coils coiled around the same core. Without a metallic (conductive) connection between the two circuits, electrical energy can be exchanged between separate coils.
given,
transformer rating = 208/230V ∴208=secondary, 230= primary
given, primary rated voltage 230V but installed on 208V system
∴ Primary voltage ratings V₁=208V
Hence, Secondary voltage rating V₂ =(208×208)/230V
given, voltage on secondary = 24V
Voltage on primary = 24×V₁/V₂
=24×(208/(208×208)/230))
=24×(230/208)
=26.538V
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6. Which are considered "severe driving" conditions?
A) Frequent short trips
B) O Hauling or towing
c)O Driving in dusty conditions
D) O Driving in extreme hot or cold temperatures
E) O All of the above
Answers
The options that are considered "severe driving" conditions are:
Driving in dusty conditions (Option C)Driving in extremely hot or cold temperatures (Option D).How do you manage Driving in severe Conditions?Take it easy. On slick roads, braking takes longer – the slower you travel, the easier it is to notice possible dangers and manage, slow, and stop your car. Check that your vehicle is weather-ready (check your battery, windshield wipers and washer fluid, tires, antifreeze, and headlights).
If you know the journey will be unpleasant, question whether you really need to go. To avoid any problems, consider rescheduling or using other transportation.
If you must travel, use the Journey Management Plan to plan ahead of time. Check your vehicle's tyres, brakes, windshield wipers, lights, and fluid levels to ensure that it is ready for the voyage.
Be prepared for emergencies and carry emergency equipment. Always bring drinking water and a blanket for unexpected weather.
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an aluminum rod needs to withstand an applied force of 45,000 pounds. the engineering stress-strain curve for the aluminum alloy is show below. to ensure safety, the maximum allowable stress is limited to 25,000 psi, which is below the yield strength of aluminum. the rod is 150 in long and must deform elastically no more than 0.25 in when the force is applied. what is the minimum diameter (in inches) of the rod with a round cross section?
Answers
The minimum diameter (in inches) of the rod with a round cross section is 1.3541 in.
What do you mean by diameter?
A diameter of a circle is any straight line segment which passes through the centre of the circle and has endpoints on the circle in geometry. It is also known as the circle's longest chord. Both definitions apply to the diameter of a sphere.
Maximum allowable strers = 25,000psi
Length= 150 in
deform= 0.25 in
Strain= Δl/L = 0.25/150
Strain = 1·666X10⁻³
Stresr/ Strain = modulus of Elasticity
Stresr= 1.6666×10⁻³ ×10000×10³
Stresr= 16666 PSi
Stresr= force/area
Area= 45000/16666
Area= 2.700 in²
Area= π/4 D²
2070= π/4 D²
D= 1.3541 in
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two steels are being considered for manufacture of as-forged connecting rods. one is aisi 4340 cr-mo-ni steel capable of being heat-treated to a tensile strength of 260 kpsi. the other is a plain carbon steel aisi 1040 with an sut of 113 kpsi. if each rod is to have a size giving an equivalent diameter de of 0.75 in., is there any advantage to using the alloy steel for this fatigue application?
Answers
The most typical material used to create pipes is alloy steel, particularly pipes for energy-related uses. Additionally, it is utilized in the production of corrosion-resistant containers, silverware, pots and pans, and heating elements for appliances like toasters.
Alloy steels can generally show more strength, ductility, and toughness than carbon steels. However, alloy steels often have lower machinability, weldability, and formability, which is a drawback. One metal and one nonmetal are combined to boost the hardness of metal. In comparison to their component constituents, alloys have a higher tensile strength. Metal alloys are combinations of various metals that keep the desired qualities while getting rid of the undesired ones. Many industries use alloys extensively. They are employed in the manufacture of military, industrial, medical, and aerospace equipment.
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a microphone produces a voltage of 2mv and has an internal resistance of 300 ohm. the microphone is connected to an amplifier with an input impedance of 1k-ohm, an output impedance of 50 ohm, and a voltage gain of 50db. the amplifier output is connected to a 75 ohm load. what is the output voltage?
Answers
If the microphone produces a voltage of 2mv and has an internal resistance of 300 ohm, the amplifier output voltage would be 75mv.
What is voltage?
Voltage is the difference in electric potential between two points, often known as electric pressure, electric tension, or (electric) potential difference. It refers to the labour required per unit of charge to move a test charge between two places in a static electric field. The derived unit for voltage in the International System of Units is called volt. Work per unit charge is defined in SI units as joules per coulomb, where 1 volt equals 1 joule (of work) for 1 coulomb (of charge).
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technician a says that when a charged battery's electrolyte is low it should be topped up with distilled water. technician b says that the battery should be topped up with a mixture of acid and water. who is correct?
Answers
According to the question of electrolytes, technician A is correct.
What is an electrolyte?
An electrolyte is a material containing ions that conducts electricity through the movement of those ions but does not conduct electrons. Most soluble salts, acids, and bases dissolved in a polar solvent, such as water, fall into this category. When the substance dissolves, it splits into cations and anions, which spread uniformly throughout the solvent. The term electrolyte refers to the substance that is dissolved in medicine and sometimes in chemistry. Such a solution is electrically neutral. When an electric potential is introduced to such a solution, the cations are pulled to the electrode with the most electrons, while the anions are drawn to the electrode with the least electrons.
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a sinusoidal voltage source of v(t) 170 cos (2 60t) v is applied to a nonlinear load, resulting in a nonsinusoidal current that is expressed in fourier series form as i(t) 10 cos (2 60t 30 ) 6 cos (4 60t 45 ) 3 cos (8 60t 20 ) a. determine (a) the power absorbed by the load, (b) the power factor of the load, (c) the distortion factor, and (d) the total harmonic distortion of the load current.
Answers
The power factor in a circuit or distribution system is the ratio of actual power to apparent power. Real, reactive, harmonic, and apparent (total) power all exist in an AC circuit.
True power is the amount of energy, measured in W or kW, that motors, lights, and other appliances use to create useful work. Reactive power is the power that inductors and capacitors store and release, measured in VAR or kVAR. A phase difference between the waveforms of the current and voltage indicates the presence of reactive power. Harmonic power, measured in VA or kVA, is the power lost due to harmonic distortion. The vector sum of real power, reactive power, and harmonic power is known as apparent power, and it is measured in VA or kVA. Evident power is a vector summation rather than a straightforward addition.
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an engineer receives an alert from a mobile system equipped with an rfid tag. upon investigating, the mobile system is missing from its assigned station. which alarm type prompted the engineer to investigate?
Answers
Since the engineer upon investigating, the mobile system is missing from its assigned station. the alarm type that has prompted the engineer to investigate is Proximity.
Is RFID a sensor for Proximity?On a more fundamental level, RFID tagging is just a sophisticated proximity sensor. When a piece of metal is there, a proximity sensor notices that a pallet has just arrived there.
Note that Tags and readers are the two halves of the wireless system known as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The reader is an electronic gadget with one or more antennas that transmit radio waves and take in signals from RFID tags.
Hence, it is seen as a tool that detects the presence of nearby objects. A proximity sensor on a mobile phone is typically used to determine when the phone is held close to the face. The answer is proximity because the mobile system is far from where the signal can pick.
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in the grid (us) the transmission lines: a. none of the choices are correct b. only connects the generator substations to load centers. c. connect the generator substations to distribution substations but are not connected to each other at any specific location. d. not only connect the generator substations to load centers but also are connected to each other at specific locations called interconnects. e. connect the generator substations to distribution substations but are not connected to each other at any specific location except if the run as parallel circuits.
Answers
A National Grid substation is a sizable facility where 275 kV and 400 kV subterranean cables and overhead power lines are switched, and where electricity is converted to 132 kV for distribution to nearby communities.
Although not all substations have all of the above capabilities, substations are made to do the following tasks: Increase or decrease the voltage. To account for variations in system voltage, regulate the voltage. Switch the grid system's transmission and distribution circuits in and out. Through transmission and distribution power lines, power plants produce electricity that is then distributed to clients. Electricity is transported over vast distances to satisfy consumer needs using high-voltage transmission lines, including those that dangle between tall metal towers.
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what is the theoretical maximum signaling rate for a channel with the above frequency distribution? [6 points] (b) what is the theoretical maximum bit rate for this channel if a phase- amplitude modulated signal with 64 levels is transmitted over the channel? [6 points] (c) what is the actual maximum bit rate if the signal to noise (s/n) ratio for this channel is 33.111 db?
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On a noiseless 3-kHz channel, binary signals cannot be carried faster than 6000 bps (= 2 x 3000 log2 2).
Once Nyquist understood what we were discussing, he offered a simple equation to calculate the Maximum Data Rate (MDR) of a noiseless channel. L represents the signal's level or condition, and MDR is computed as 2 * Bandwidth * Log2L. Any channel has a defined signal-to-noise ratio at a given temperature. SNR = (Power of signal) / is hence directly proportional to the channel capacity (power of noise). For example, 10 * log10(1000) = 30 dB is a common formula for a signal-to-noise ratio of 1000. a frequency that, if the data supported it, would be the theoretical distribution law frequency rather than the observed frequencies.
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consider that one diode in the bridge rectifier fails shorted. explain how the normal circuit operation changes. does some element overload? does the output change?
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Diodes in rotating rectifiers may fail owing to Open Circuit (OC) or Short Circuit (SC), overloading the exciter and preventing the alternator from running safely. Overheating will cause damage to the Xmer or AC source delivering power to the bridge rectifier.
What happens when a diode shorts in a bridge rectifier?A direct short-circuit occurs when any one diode is damaged, which is detected by the AC power supply. Overheating will cause damage to the Xmer or AC source delivering power to the bridge rectifier.
The same symptom as in the center-tapped circuit will be displayed by an open diode in a full-wave bridge rectifier, as shown in the below figure. For the first half of the input voltage cycle, the open diode stops current from flowing through RL. Half-wave rectification is the end result, and at 60 Hz, this doubles the ripple voltage.
Diodes in rotating rectifiers may fail owing to Open Circuit (OC) or Short Circuit (SC), overloading the exciter and preventing the alternator from running safely. This is due to the aging phenomenon and continuous process regime.
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technician a says that the drive side of the ring gear side is the concave side. technician b says that the coast side of the ring gear is the convex side. who is correct?
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Hope this helps :)
Give the procedures on conducting technical drafting
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The procedure for technical drafting is summarized below:
Proper Sheet Preparation; This entails choosing the drawing sheet. Drawing paper is used for the short term and polyester film for the long term. Secure the Drawing Sheet to the Board by first aligning it with the T-square blade.Execute Sheet Layout: This involves the process of inserting the border and the title block on the drawing sheet.Create reference Zone: These can be found the in the margins and are useful for finding key information about the drawing.What is technical drafting?
Technical drawing, often known as drafting or drawing, is the act and practice of creating drawings that graphically convey how something works or is built. In industry and engineering, technical sketching is critical for expressing ideas.
A technical drawing, also known as an engineering drawing, is a thorough, accurate diagram or blueprint that provides information about how an object works or is built. These drawings are used as guidelines by engineers, electricians, and contractors while constructing or repairing things and buildings.
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