Food gives important nutrients to the human body. A healthy diet is vital for good health and nutrition. These nutrients are used for energy, cell growth, and repair. Food controls the immune system. Poor diets leads to various health problems. Food defends the human body from chronic noncommunicable diseases. Eating different kinds of food and taking less salt, sugar and saturated fats are needed for a healthy diet.
Macronutrients are consumed in large amount and carry the primary buliding blocks of our diet which are the protein, carbohydrates, and fat. These provides our body the energy it needed. Small doses of vitamins and minerals which are considered as macronutrients goes a long way.
The following are the 6 essential macronutrients:
1. protein
2. carbohydrates
3. fats
4. vitamins
5. minerals
6. water
Although animal nervous systems differ in complexity, their nerve cells are still remarkably similar
a. True
b. False
It is true that even though animal nervous systems vary in complexity, their nerve cells are remarkably similar.
Nerve systems exist in nearly all multicellular animals, though their complexity varies greatly. The only multicellular animals without a nervous system are a sponge and the placozoan and mesozoan organisms, both of which look like tiny blobs. With the exception of a few worm species and echinoderms, all other animals have a nervous system that includes a brain, a central cord (or two parallel cords), and nerves that radiate from the brain and central cord. The nervous system of ctenophores (comb jellies) and cnidarians (such as anemones, hydras, corals, and jellyfish) are made up of a diffuse nerve net.
The most fundamental functions of the nervous system are to direct an organism's movement and to influence its environment (such as through pheromones). To accomplish this, signals are sent from one cell to another or from one area of the body to another. The sources of the output that the nervous system produces are signals that travel to muscle cells and cause the activation of muscles, and signals that travel to endocrine cells that cause the release of hormones into the bloodstream or other internal fluids.
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Distinguish between monohybrid, dihybrid and test crosses.
In the monohybrid cross, the possible offspring of a cross between two organisms is evaluated, but only one characteristic is taken into account. While in the dihybrid cross two characteristics are evaluated.
However, unlike the monohybrid cross, in the dihybrid cross, combinations of alleles must be made in order to obtain all possible gametes and thus perform the punnet square properly. An example of a dihybrid cross and allele combination is shown in the following image:
Finally, a test cross refers to these two examples. A test cross taking into account only one trait is called a monohybrid cross. A test cross using 2 traits is a dihybrid cross.
1. Correct the following paragraph describing pigments, energy and photons.
Photons are the particle that makes up light. Photons with a longer wavelength of light have more energy than photons with a shorter wavelength. Pigments can only absorb photons that have the exact amount of energy required to move
an electron to a higher energy state. If a photon's energy doesn't match exactly, the photon is absorbed. Most plants
have one kind of pigment in their leaves. If a pigment is red, it absorbs only photons with a red wavelength.
2. Correct the following describing the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
The first photosystem is photosystem II. In this photosystem, photons are absorbed by pigments in the antenna complex and the energy is used to create an electron at the reaction center. This excited electron is then given to ADP.
The electron carrier is then reduced which provides energy for the electron transport chain to pump H+ ions into the chloroplast stroma. Then, H+ flows through ATP synthase to power the reaction of ATP - ADP + P. The electron that
left the reaction center is replaced through condensation of a water molecule into oxygen and nitrogen. The second photosystem is photosystem I. In this photosystem, photons are absorbed by pigments in the antenna complex and the energy is used to re-excite the low-energy electron from photosystem II at the reaction center. This excited electron is then used to oxidize NADP+ into NADPH.
1. Light has two personalities. Light acts primarily as a wave, but it may also be thought of as a collection of tiny bundles of energy known as photons. If a pigment is red, it absorbs photons of different wavelengths while reflecting photons of the same wavelength.
2. Photosystems, which are huge complexes of proteins and pigments (light-absorbing molecules) that are tuned for light harvesting, play an important part in light reactions. Photosystems are classified into two types: photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII).
How to illustrate the information?1 A photon is an electromagnetic energy packet. It is the fundamental unit of all light. The photon is also known as a "quantum" of electromagnetic energy. A photon's energy is proportional to its wavelength: longer wavelength photons have less energy, while shorter wavelength photons have more.
2 Light energy is used in light-dependent reactions to create two molecules required for the next step of photosynthesis: the energy store molecule ATP and the reduced electron transporter NADPH. Light reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplast organelles in plants.
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When looking at a stalk of celery that has been sitting in red food-coloredwater. Sarah notices the celery has red lines running through it. Why is thispossible?The roots absorbed the water.The stomata allowed the water in.The xylem transported the water through the stem and to the leaves of the plant.The phloem transported the water through the stem and to the leaves of the plant.
The xylem is a special tube of the plant that take up the red food coloring. The food coloring travels into the stem and into the leaves of the celery. It is increased by vaporization from the leaves of the celery. It is like blood exploring through the human body. This shows how the plants deliver the nutrients it absorb to all its parts.
Answer - Option 3 - The xylem transported the water through the stem and to the leaves of the plant.
What is the defining characteristics of monotreme mammals?A. They carry highly immature young in a pouchB. They develop a placenta during pregnancyC. They lay eggsD. They lactate (produce milk)
The best option would be C. They lay eggs
What analogy is used to describe how cell replication is regulated?
Driving a car might be one common analogy used to describe how cell replication is regulated.
What is the cell replication cycle?The cell replication cycle is a sharply regulated process that resembles driving a car because there are many steps that can be stopped to continue with the process.
In the case of the cell cycle, there are major points of control that regulate the progression through this process which involve the Growth 1 phase (G1), the synthesis S phase and the Growth 2 (G2) phase. All these phases in the cell cycle are regulated by the presence of cyclin proteins that are phosphorylated by cyclin-dependent kinases in order to continue with the cell cycle.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the cell cycle is a sharply regulated process that has several points of control where the cell recognizes that all is fine to continue with the process.
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In the catabolic pathways, which two molecules are major electron acceptors? After they accept electrons, which electron carriers do they become? What is the primary function of the electron carriers?
The two molecules that are major electron acceptors in the catabolic pathways are NAD⁺ and FAD⁺, whereas NADH and FADH₂ can be considered as electron carriers. They play a fundamental role to produce energy as ATP.
What are electron carriers?The electron carriers are specific molecules that act during cellular respiration in order produce Adenosine triphosphate from ADP and phosphate, which is the energy coin of the cell.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the electron carriers such as NADH and FADH₂ are fundamental for producing ATP, while NAD⁺ and FAD⁺ accept electrons during this process.
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Why are the cities of Paris, Shanghai, and Los Angeles still considered ecosystems? Use CER to explain your answer
Cities are a kind of atmosphere, due to the fact they comprise all of the additives and connections we use to outline ecosystem .An city atmosphere is surely the network of plants, animals, and people that inhabit the city environment.
It is a place bodily ruled through constructed systems like buildings, roads, sewers, and energy lines.City ecosystems are taken into consideration a atmosphere practical institution inside the extensive land-use biome. They are structurally complicated ecosystems with quite heterogeneous and dynamic spatial shape this is created and maintained through people.
Unlike herbal ecosystems however, city ecosystems are a hybrid of herbal and man-made factors whose interactions are affected now no longer handiest through the herbal environment, however additionally culture, private behaviour, politics, economics and social organisation.
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9. [03.02]
Which of the following pair of elements could possibly be in the same group? (1 point)
X has a 1+ ion; Y has a 1-ion.
O X has an atomic number 15; Y forms a 3-ion.
OX tends to form a 2+ ion; Y tends to gain two electrons.
X will tend to gain one electron; Y has eight electrons in the outer orbit.
An element having an atomic number of eight and a mass number of 18 will contain eight protons.
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of a specific element is known as the atom's "atomic weight."
What is Atomic Number ?The charge number of an atomic nucleus is the chemical element's atomic number, also known as nuclear charge number. This is the number of protons present in the nucleus of each atom of that element, or the proton number, for conventional nuclei.
Ordinary chemical elements can be uniquely identified by their atomic number.
The atomic number is significant because it allows you to determine which element an atom belongs to. The fact that the contemporary periodic table is arranged according to increasing atomic number is another significant factor in why it matters. The atomic number is a crucial factor in defining an element's properties, to sum up.
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watts.
6. Solve a One-Step
Equation A hair dryer is
rated at 1,200 watts. If you
use the dryer for 0.25 hours,
how much electric energy do
you use?
The electrical energy consumed is 0.3 kWh. Electrical energy is energy related to forces on electrically charged particles and electrically charged particle movement.
What is electrical energy?Electrical energy is the ability of an atom's charged particles to perform an action or move an object. Electrical energy is produced by the movement of electrons from one atom to another. When you plug in a toaster or a cellphone charger into a wall outlet, electrical energy is used to power those devices. Electricity can be either kinetic or potential.Batteries, lightning, and electrical charges moving through a wire plugged into a wall socket to power electrical appliances such as televisions and computers are all examples of electrical energy. It now even powers many of our automobiles. It can be found in the clouds above you during a storm even if you travel to the most remote parts of the planet.Therefore,
The amount of electrical energy consumed can be calculated as follows:
E = Pt
where;
P is the power (kW)
t is time (h)
E = 1.2 kW x 0.25 h
E = 0.3 kWh
As a result, the total amount of electrical energy consumed is 0.3 kWh.
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Which of the following processes is not associated with sexual reproduction?OOOOmeiosisfertilizationbinary fissionrecombination
Of the following processes the one that is not associated with sexual reproduction is the binary fission, that is a asexual reproduction by a separation of an organism of the body into two new bodies.
I need help with this practice problem solving The subject is the invasive speciesKudzu Review the pic, the answer^
Answer
Kudzu kills native plants by smothering them and blocking their sunlight. Climbing vines can girdle trees, and their weight can uproot trees. Loss of trees and plants to kudzu threatens agricultural and timber production. Kudzu would destroy the native species. Few plants can survive once smothered by kudzu and small ecosystems can be radically altered. Infestations quickly spread in open habitats, rapidly covering the soil and low growing vegetation, and only slowed by adjoining forests. Kudzu can affect indigenous plants and completely modify the structure of the ecosystem.
Kudzu is widely believed to drastically reduce biodiversity because of its ability to smother other vegetation and develop large-scale monocultures. It can climb overtop and subsequently kill new seedlings or mature trees. Forestry problems associated with aggressive vines such as kudzu include mortality of edge trees, exclusion of native plant species, and potential to increase fire hazard during winter.
what is the process that allows CO2 and glucose to enters the plants cells chloroplast
Answer: photosynthesis
Explanation:
photosynthesis
Plants use energy from sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into an energy-rich sugar called glucose. This process is called photosynthesis, which means “making things with light”. Photosynthesis takes place inside capsules in the leaf cells, called CHLOROPLASTS.
PLEASE HELP!! WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST TO THE FIRST CORRECT ANSWER.
Cell division is regulated to prevent unnecessary replication and errors that can occur in the process. When regulation fails, mutations and cancer can result. The G1 checkpoint ensures that conditions are right for division. Evaluate each of these factors. All BUT ONE of them are examined at the G1 checkpoint.
A) nutrient availability
B) DNA is free of mutations
C) chromatids are attached to centromeres
D) evaluation of growth signals
Answer:
chromatids are attached to centromeres.
Explanation:
Answer:
C
Explanation:
chromatids is free of mutation
The absence of special food and water conducting system restricts the body size in
The absence of special food and water conducting system restricts the body size in algae, liverworts and mosses.
Algae- The term "algae" refers to a class of mainly watery, photosynthetic, & nucleus-bearing organisms which lack the real roots, stems, and leaves of plants as well as their specialized multicellular reproductive structures.
Mosses- Mosses belong to the group of land plants called Bryophyta and are non-vascular plants. They are herbaceous (non-woody) tiny plants (some few centimeters tall) that primarily absorb nutrients and water via their leaves and use light and carbon dioxide to produce food through photosynthesis.
Liverworts- Small flowerless plants known as liverworts have thallus structures that resemble the lobes of a lobed liver. Insects and other small invertebrates depend on the 6000–8000 species of liverworts that are thought to exist.
The given question is incomplete, find below the complete question,
Q. The absence of special food and water-conducting systems restricts the body size in
A. algae, liverworts and mosses
B. liverworts, mosses and ferns
C. the bryophytes and the pteridophytes
D. the thallophytes and pteridophytes
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Which type of energy travels from the Sun to the earth and makes the sky appear bright during the day?. A. Sound energy
B. Mechanical energy
C. Electrical energy
D. Light energy
right answer - D. Light energy
Which of the following characteristics correspond to sister chromatids?
Select all that apply.
-Replica of a single chromosome
-Formed during interphase
-Maternal and paternal pairs
-Separated during mitosis
-In humans, there are 23 pairs of these
-Numbered in a karyotype
-Attached to one another by cohesin
The characteristics formed during interphase, attached to one another by cohesin and they are replicas of a single chromosome correspond to sister chromatids (Options 1, 2 and 7).
What are sister chromatids?Sister chromatids are two identical copies of a given chromosome, which are attached by specific proteins at the centromere level. These copies are generated during the interphase (S synthesis phase) of the cell division (either mitosis or meiosis).
Therefore, with this data, we can see those sister chromatids are identical to each other and they are generated during the interphase of the cell division process.
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ou are testing a patient's fecal sample for the presence of Clostridium difficile. Which of these staining procedures would give you the best evidence that the patient's sample contains bacteria from the Clostridium genus? Group of answer choicesendospore staingram stainsimple stainacid fast stain
As a protocol, the sample must first undergo primary biochemical tests, one of which is gram staining. And although this stain can help us to identify bacteria of the Clostridium genus, such as gram + sporulated bacilli, a more specific test would be the endospore stain, since the clostridium genus produces endospores that are also easy to isolate, since they are more resistant to temperature than the vegetative form (not sporulated) of the bacterium. An example would be the Schaeffer-Fulton stain.
Help asap…
1. In which organs is food moved through by peristalsis? (Choose all that apply)
A.stomach
B.small intestine
C.esophagus
D.liver
2. What is the substance produced by the liver that is necessary to break down fat drops into smaller fat drops?
A.bile
B.enzyme
C.acid
D.mucus
Answer:
1. A,B,C
2. A
Explanation:
1. Peristalsis is the automatic wave-like movement of the muscles that line your gastrointestinal tract. Peristalsis moves food through your digestive system, beginning in your throat when you swallow and continuing through your esophagus, stomach and intestines while you digest.
2. Bile is a fluid that is made and released by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. Bile helps with digestion. It breaks down fats into fatty acids, which can be taken into the body by the digestive tract.
Which classification includes more genera? A class or family?
Answer: The answer would be CLASS.
Explanation: If we refer to the taxonomic level of classification,
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
we can see that CLASS ranks higher compared to Family. So, the Class has a wide range of genera that will belong to it than Family.
A cell with an 02 concentration of 8 mM and a CO2 concentration of 5 mM is placed in a solution
of 10 mM 02 and 1 mM CO2. Describe the direction of diffusion of each gas.
As the concentration of O2 is higher in solution it moves from solution to the Cell, whereas CO2 moves from cell to solution.
Cell- As in the case of bacteria and protozoans, a single cell can be an entire organism in and of itself. In multicellular creatures like higher plants and animals, specialized cell groups are arranged into tissues and organs. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are the two main subtypes of cells.
Solution- A continuous variation of a number of substances in their relative proportions up to what is known as the limit for solubility. Although mixtures of gases & solids are possible, the term "solution" is most frequently used to refer to the liquid condition of matter.
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What is the purpose of gathering information for your topic?
Group of answer choices
A. A scientist must research to understand the topic before being able to create a scientific hypothesis.
B. It is important to indicate to someone something you have observed in writing.
C. Gathering information would make the results skewed.
D. Creating the graph would help communicate the results efficiently.
Answer:
A. A scientist must research to understand the topic before being able to create a scientific hypothesis.
Are fungi autotrophs or heterotrophs? Explain your answer using scientific reasoning and data
Answer:
Yeasts, molds, and are all different kinds of fungi. Fungi are heterotrophs, meaning they obtain food from outside themselves. Common fungi include yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.
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Why does the body need iron ? a. Stimulates formation of of lymph b. Forms part of hemoglobin c. Prevents destruction of red blood cells d. prevent the plaque formation in arteries
The body need iron because it is a major component of hemoglobin, an important cell for the organisms that carries oxygen from the lungs to all the parts of the body, without iron the number of hemoglobin is not enough to transport oxygen and the organism can be lead to fatigue. Therefore, the correct alternative is B. forms part of hemoglobin.
Which of the following is anenvironmental factor thatcould cause a mutation?A. psychological agentsB. irrelevant mutagensC. internal agentsD. biological mutagens
The correct answer is D. biological agents. Mistakes when DNA is replicated is a common biological source of mutations.
Aside from cell membrane, where else can you find a bilayer of lipid?
Answer: Lipid Enveloped Viruses
Explanation:
Lipid enveloped viruses contain a lipid bilayer coat that protects their genome to help facilitate entry into the new host cell.
Student #1 is WRONG and Student #2 is CORRECT! You are student #2. Write a CER and explain how energy is passed through the ecosystem and why it is easier for grass to acquire energy than it is for a hawk.Try to use all the words in the word bank below to help you complete your open response CER. Review the RUBRIC WORD BANK: food web, the sun, food pyramid, producer, consumer, tertiary consumer, predator, autotroph, heterotroph, decomposer, predator, prey, herbivore, carnivore, omnivore.
The observation for the student #2 must starts by the claim, going to evidence, and finishing with the reasoning.
1 - Claim = To the grass (producer) is easier to acquire nergy than it is for a hawk (quartenary consumer), because the base of the food pyramid is where most of the energy of the food chain is maintained, and the producers are able to produce their own food from the natural resources in the environment;
2 - Evidence = The food web in the picture shows how the trophic levels are distribute in the ecosystem, being the food pyramid divided into: producers (autotroph organisms), consumers (primary-herbivores, secondary-omnivore, and tertiary-carnivore), predators, preys, and decomposers. The graph shows that from each levels a small quantity of energy is lost by the organisms, going from the levels with more energy (plants- that uses the sun to make photosynthesis) until the tertiary consumer (the pradator - hawk, that is a heterotroph). To have energy the plants need only to be in a good place, while the hawk have to go after preys and an environment that have a good balance between the trophic levels;
3 - Reasoning = The student #2 came to the conclusion that is much difficult for the hawk to obtain energy because of the observation of the challenges for each level tropic level being bigger and bigger. That's because the way that each organism get their food and what it eats is a determinant factor, as well the loss of energy to complete the most basic functions. Being the conclusion that the grass that just need sunlight and water have a lot less difficults and energy loss than a hawk that needs to hunt for food, survival, reprodutive needs and so on.
Name and describe at least two applications for population estimates.
What’s the correct answer answer asap for brainlist
Answer:
the answer is option a
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The complete chart indicating the number of chromosomes after meiosis, in body cells, in gametes and after mitosis are indicated in the given image.
Meiosis is the process of cell division in which the number of chromosomes are reduced to half. This is the reason why it is also called the reductional division. The process occurs in two phases: Meiosis I and Meiosis II. Meiosis I is the phase where actual reduction takes place.
Mitosis is the process of cell division where the daughter cells are identical to the parent cell. Here, the number of chromosomes remain the same and hence is called equational division.
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