Advanced Placement (AP) College

Federalism is a vital component to the creation of the U.S. constitutional system.
a. Identify and explain two reasons for and against this division of authority.
b. Describe two ways federalism has been challenged over time. Include an
example that deals with a prominent case of the Supreme Court.

Answers

Answer 1

a) Two reasons for federalism include the fact that it allows for a division of powers between the national government and the states. This division of powers allows for a check and balance system, which can help to prevent any one group from having too much power. Additionally, federalism allows for a degree of customization and flexibility, as states can tailor their laws and regulations to better suit the needs of their citizens. Two reasons against federalism include the fact that it can lead to a duplication of services and a waste of resources. Additionally, federalism can sometimes lead to a lack of clarity regarding which level of government is responsible for certain issues. This can lead to confusion and frustration among citizens.

b) Federalism has been challenged over time in a number of ways. One example is the Supreme Court case of National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius, in which the Court ruled that the federal government could not require states to expand their Medicaid programs. This case demonstrated the limits of federal power under the Constitution.

Federalism:

Federalism is a hybrid or compound method of governance in which a general administration and regional governments coexist in a single political system, with powers divided between the two. Federalism in the contemporary age was born in the unions of states that existed during the Old Swiss Confederacy.

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