A dialysis unit is being designed. It will consist of a large number of small hollow fibers arranged in parallel. Blood will flow inside the fibers, each of which is 30 cm long. It is desired that the hold-up volume (the volume of blood needed to fill all the fibers) should be no more than 80 ml, and that the total pressure drop across the fibers should be no more than 105 dyne/cm2 at a total flow rate of 50 ml/s. If the blood viscosity is 3.5 cP and the density of the blood is 1.05 g/cm3, how many fibers should be used, and of what diameter should they be, so as to meet the design conditions
Answer:
Explanation:
Given information:
A designed dialysis unit consists of a large no of small hollow fibers,
Considering the one fiber,
By using the volume of blood, we have :
[tex]V =\dfrac{\pi}{4}\times D^2 \times L[/tex]
where:
L = 30cm = (30× 10) mm = 300 mm
Volume = 80 ml = 80 × 10³ mm
From the above equation, making D the subject, we have:
[tex]4 V ={\pi}\times D^2 \times L[/tex]
[tex]D^2 =\dfrac{4 V }{{\pi}\times L}[/tex]
[tex]D^2 =\dfrac{4 \times 80 \times 10^3 }{ \pi \times 300}[/tex]
D² = 339.53
[tex]D = \sqrt{339.53}[/tex]
D = 18.43 mm
D = 1.843 cm
However, suppose we consider the laminar flow, the pressure loss in a single fiber can be determined as follows:
[tex]\Delta p = \rho g h_f= \dfrac{32* \mu *\overline u*l }{D^2}[/tex]
where;
[tex]\overline u = \dfrac{4 \times 50 \times 10^3}{\pi \times (18.43)^2}[/tex]
[tex]\overline u = \dfrac{200000}{1067.088755}[/tex]
[tex]\overline u =187.43 \ mm/sec[/tex]
[tex]\overline u =18.743 \ cm/sec[/tex]
Recall:
[tex]\Delta p = \dfrac{32* \mu *\overline u*l }{D^2}[/tex]
[tex]\Delta p = \dfrac{32* 3.5 \times 10^{-2} *18.743*30 }{1.843^2}[/tex]
[tex]\Delta p = \dfrac{629.7648 }{3.396649}[/tex]
[tex]\Delta p =185.41 \ dyne/cm^2[/tex]
Finally, the number of needed to be used = [tex]\dfrac{p}{\Delta p}[/tex]
= [tex]\dfrac{10^5 \ dyne /cm^2}{185.41\ dyne /cm^2}[/tex]
= 539.35
A sample of aluminum foil contains 7.90 x 10^23 atoms. What is the mass of the foil?
Answer:
35.3 g
Explanation:
Step 1: Given data
Number of atoms of aluminum: 7.90 × 10²³ atoms
Step 2: Calculate the number of moles corresponding to 7.90 × 10²³ atoms of aluminum
We will use Avogadro's number: there are 6.02 × 10²³ atoms of aluminum in 1 mole of atoms of aluminum.
7.90 × 10²³ atoms × (1 mol/6.02 × 10²³ atoms) = 1.31 mol
Step 3: Calculate the mass corresponding to 1.31 moles of aluminum
The molar mass of Al is 26.98 g/mol.
1.31 mol × 26.98 g/mol = 35.3 g
When matter changes from a solid to liquid or from liquid to gas, what kind of change takes place?
Answer :-
Physical change
Write the electron configuration and Noble gas configuration for each element.
1. F
2. CI
3. Br
4. Zr
5. Ga
6. SC
7. Ru
8. Cd
Answer:
1is the answer to that one day F
How does geothermal energy differ from solar energy? (3 points)
Geothermal energy is cooler and denser than solar energy.
Geothermal energy comes from the internal heat of Earth.
Geothermal energy is transmitted through the atmosphere.
Geothermal energy results from radiation of electromagnetic waves
Answer:
B: geothermal energy comes from eternal heat of earth.
Explanation:
What happened to the arrangement and the speed of water molecules when liquid water turns into ice?
Answer:
Point out that when water freezes, the water molecules have slowed down enough that their attractions arrange them into fixed positions. Water molecules freeze in a hexagonal pattern and the molecules are further apart than they were in liquid water.
Answer: Point out that when water freezes, the water molecules have slowed down enough that their attractions arrange them into fixed positions. Water molecules freeze in a hexagonal pattern and the molecules are further apart than they were in liquid water.
Explanation: The molecules in the rice would be vibrating!!!!!!
In which of the following experiments would the results be most reliable?
A.
an experiment in which the trials were repeated many times
B.
an experiment which contained no controls
C.
an experiment which contained several variables
D.
an experiment in which the trial was repeated a few times
Answer:
A
Explanation:
When doing an experiment you want the most trials and most controls possible. It is impossible to get good data while testing multiple variables at once.
1)If I mixed salt in water I would expect the salt to:
2) If I mixed starch in water I would expect the starch to:
Answer:
1)If I mixed salt in water I would expect the salt to: dissolve.
2) If I mixed starch in water I would expect the starch to: remain undissolved.
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, since salt, which is commonly known as sodium chloride (NaCl) is an ionic compound, it is very likely to get dissolved in water, therefore, we would expect the salt to dissolve and form a liquid solution.
Moreover, since start is mainly composed by C-C, C-O and C-H bonds which are nonpolar, it we can say it is usually insoluble in water, therefore we will expect starch to remain undissolved but undergoing a process called gelatinization in which a suspension in formed until a slightly solid consistency.
Best regards.
An actual measurement of a sample 3.5 M the measured value is 2.5 M what is the percentage error in the measurement
Answer: 29%
Explanation:
Answer:
b 29 percent
Explanation:
Name two reagents used during the laboratory preparation of oxygen and write an equation for this reaction.
Answer:
Explanation:
To make oxygen in the laboratory, hydrogen peroxide is poured into a conical flask containing some manganese(IV) oxide. The gas produced is collected in an upside-down gas jar filled with water. As the oxygen collects in the top of the gas jar, it pushes the water out.
The force of gravity pulls down on your house with a total force of 300,000 newtons. The force of gravity pulling down on your house would be exactly twice as much if your house: a Had twice as much mass b Was twice as tall c Had twice as much volume d Covered twice as much area
Answer: B. Was twice as tall
Explanation: The strength of the gravitational force between two objects depends on two factors, mass and distance. If the distance is doubled, the force of gravity is one-fourth as strong as before.
The force of gravity pulling down on your house would be exactly twice as much if your house was twice as tall. Hence option b is correct.
What is gravity?Gravity is defined as a basic interaction that pulls everything with mass or energy in the same direction. All objects with mass, including our Earth, really bend and curve spacetime, which is what causes gravity to pull you toward the ground. The moon is maintained in its orbit around Earth by gravity, as are the planets in their orbits around the sun.
The force of gravity, which is directly dependent on the masses of the two objects, is inversely correlated with the square of the distance between two objects. This translates to an increase in gravity force with mass but a decrease in gravity force with increasing distance between objects. The force between two objects doubles if the mass of one thing doubles.
Thus, the force of gravity pulling down on your house would be exactly twice as much if your house was twice as tall. Hence option b is correct.
To learn more about gravity, refer to the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/4014727
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Draw what comes to mind when you think of the word "atom."
Answer:
I think of when I hear the word "atom" I think of the building block of life
Explanation:
"hope this helps"
Which of the following statements about compounds is true?
A- Each Compound contains only one element.
A- Each Compound contains only one element.
B- Compound can be classified as either heterogenous or homogenous.
C- A Compound has a defined ratio by mass of the elements that it contains
D- Compounds Vary in chemical composition depending on the sample size.
Explanation:
A and D is the answer
Hope the answer is right
Write the following numbers in scientific notation.
Type your answer using one of the following formats:
1.2e-3 for 0.0012
1.20e+2 for 120.
(a) 0.000 589 0
(b) 50 000.0
(c) 0.000 007 050
Answer:
for points sorry
Explanation:
science is a growing body of knowledge that often relies on previous knowledge true or false
Answer:
false
Explanation:
1 point
A student is classifying a group of unknown solids by whether or not they float or sink in water.
Which property is the student using to classify the solids?
mass
solubility
density
melting point
What is the pH of an aqueous solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of [H+]=9.2×10−6 M?
Answer:
The answer is 5.04Explanation:
The pH of a solution given it's hydrogen ion concentration can be found by using the formula
[tex]pH = - log( {H }^{ + } ) [/tex]where
[tex]{H }^{ + }[/tex] is the hydrogen ion concentration
From the question
[tex]{H }^{ + }[/tex] = [tex]{9.2 × 10 }^{ - 6}[/tex] M
The pH of the solution is
[tex]pH = - log(9.2 \times {10}^{ - 6} ) \\ = 5.03621217...[/tex]
We have the final answer as
5.04Hope this helps you
PLEASE HELP!! 100 pts! There are both public and private crime labs in the United States. In your own words, explain the difference in how these crime labs process
evidence and the benefits and drawbacks of each type. Proper spelling, grammar, and sentence structure are expected!
Answer:
The forensic laboratory system in the United States consists of private and public labs. One well-known public lab is the FBI (the Federal Bureau of Investigation) Public labs are mostly run by police officers and state employees, while private labs are organized as a fee-for-service and they are small with a few large and medium=sized operations.
Explanation:
Idk and it's not even 100 points but I hope this helps.
Which of these isotopic notations represents an anion?*
Answer:
a option
Explanation:
i think this..... ...
Answer:
A is correct
Hope its help you
Explanation:
Mark me as brainliest.A solution containing HCI would likely have
a high pH and a low pOH.
a low pH and a high pOH.
a high pH and a high pOH.
a low pH and a low pOH:
Plz help
Answer:
B) A low pH and a high pOH.
Explanation:
Took the quiz.
(a) Which of the following atoms is smallest: vanadium, chromium or tungsten? (b) Which of these atoms has the highest ionization energy? (c) Which is the most electronegative?
Answer: (a) chromium (b) tungsten (c) tungsten
Explanation:
As we move towards the right in the periodic table, atomic sizes decreases and electronegativity increases accordingly. Similarly, atomic sizes increases down the group. Hence chromium is smaller than tungsten.
However, tungsten is more electronegative than the other metals listed, as a result of this, it also has the highest first ionization energy. Hence the answer above.
Which set of interactions involved in successfully forming a solution must have positive enthalpy changes? View Available Hint(s) Which set of interactions involved in successfully forming a solution must have positive enthalpy changes? only the interaction of solvent molecules as they are attracted to solute particles separating solvent particles in the pure solvent and the interaction of solvent molecules as they are attracted to solute particles separating solute particles in the pure solute and the interaction of solvent molecules as they are attracted to solute particles separating solute particles in the pure solute and separating solvent particles in pure solvent
Answer:
separating solute particles in the pure solute and separating solvent particles in pure solvent
Explanation:
when we talk about a solution, it means the homogeneous mixture of different substances of two or more.
Enthalpy change of solution is the quantity of heat that is released during the process of dissolving.
If solute molecules have been broken from the intermolecular forces that bind them and also solvent molecules have been broken from the intermolecular forces binding them, then we have an endothermic process.
so the answer is:
separating solute particles in the pure solute and separating solvent particles in pure solvent
which of the following molecules has a shape is trigonal pyramid?
ccl4
ch2o
Nh2o
h2o
Nh2o has a trigonal pyramid
Q1. Which one of the following has the element name and symbol incorrectly
matched?
A. Br, bromine
B. Fe, iron
C. Cu, copper
D. P, potassium
Answer:
D. P, Potassium
Explanation:
Potassium on the periodic table is actually K
which gases are responsible for global warming?
Answer:
Greenhouse gas Chemical formula Global Warming Potential, 100-year time horizon
Carbon Dioxide
Methane
Nitrous Oxide
Chlorofluorocarbon
Explanation:
are theories incomplete temporary ideas
Answer:
Yes , because they are not yet proven.
Hope this helps-xoxo
Answer:yes
Explanation:ideas are theoris the are incomplete
Titanium occurs in the magnetic mineral ilmenite (FeTiO3), which is often found mixed up with sand. The ilmenite can be separated from the sand with magnets. The titanium can then be extracted from the ilmenite by the following set of reactions:
FeTiO3(s)+3Cl2(g)+3C(s)→3CO(g)+FeCl2(s)+TiCl4(g)TiCl4(g)+2Mg(s)→2MgCl2(l)+Ti(s)
Suppose that an ilmenite-sand mixture contains 20.2 % ilmenite by mass and that the first reaction is carried out with a 91.6 % yield.
If the second reaction is carried out with an 86.0 % yield, what mass of titanium can be obtained from 1.40 kg of the ilmenite-sand mixture?
Answer:
.222 g
Explanation:
FeTiO3(s)+3Cl2(g)+3C(s) → CO(g)+FeCl2(s)+TiCl4(g)
TiCl4(g)+2Mg(s) → 2MgCl2(l)+Ti(s)
1.40 g of mineral will contain pure ore of .202 x 1.4 g = .2828 g
ilmenite mass = .2828 g of illemnite mass
product after first reaction = .916 x .2828 = .259 g
product after 2 nd reaction = .86 x .259 g
= .222 g
The mass of titanium that can be obtained from 1.40 kg of the ilmenite-sand mixture is 70.27 g
From the question,
We are to determine the mass of titanium can be obtained from 1.40 kg of the ilmenite-sand mixture
Also from the question, we have that
An ilmenite-sand mixture contains 20.2 % ilmenite by mass
That means,
The mass off ilmenite present in the 1.40 kg ilmenite-sand mixture is
= [tex]\frac{20.2}{100} \times 1.40 \ kg[/tex]
[tex]= \frac{20.2}{100}\times 1400 \ g[/tex]
= 20.2 × 14
= 282.8 g
∴ The mass of ilmenite present in the ilmenite-sand mixture is 282.8 g
From the first reaction
FeTiO₃(s) + 3Cl₂(g) + 3C(s) → 3CO(g) + FeCl₂(s) + TiCl₄(g)
We will calculate the mass of TiCl₄ produced
First, we will determine the number of moles of ilmenite (FeTiO₃) present
From the formula
[tex]Number\ of \ moles = \frac{Mass }{Molar\ mass}[/tex]
Molar mass of ilmenite (FeTiO₃) = 151.71 g/mol
∴ Number of moles of ilmenite = [tex]\frac{282.8}{151.71 }[/tex]
Number of moles of ilmenite = 1.864 moles
From the balanced chemical equation in the first reaction
1 mole of ilmenite (FeTiO₃) reacts to produce 1 mole of TiCl₄
∴ 1.864 moles of ilmenite (FeTiO₃) will produce 1.864 moles of TiCl₄
Now, for the mass of TiCl₄ produced
From the formula
Mass = Number of moles × Molar mass
Molar mass of TiCl₄ = 189.679 g/mol
∴ Mass of TiCl₄ = 1.864 × 189.679
Mass of TiCl₄= 353.561656 g
But, from the question,
The reaction has a yield of 91.6%
∴ Mass of TiCl₄ produced = [tex]\frac{91.6}{100} \times 353.561656[/tex]
Mass of TiCl₄ produced = 0.916 × 353.561656
Mass of TiCl₄ produced = 323.8624 g
From the second reaction
TiCl₄(g) + 2Mg(s) → 2MgCl₂(l) + Ti(s)
We will determine the mass of Titanium (Ti) produced
From the balanced chemical equation for the reaction
1 mole of TiCl₄ reacts to produce 1 mole of Titanium (Ti)
The number of moles of TiCl₄ produced in the first reaction is
= 91.6% × 1.864 moles
= 0.916 × 1.864
= 1.7074242 moles
Since
1 mole of TiCl₄ reacts to produce 1 mole of Titanium (Ti)
∴ 1.707424 moles of TiCl₄ will react to produce 1.707424 moles of Titanium (Ti)
But, from the question
The yield of the second reaction is 86.0%
∴ The number of moles of Titanium (Ti) produced is [tex]\frac{86.0}{100}\times 1.707424[/tex]
Number of moles of Ti produced = 0.86 × 1.707424
Number of moles of Ti produced = 1.468 moles
Now, we will determine the mass of Titanium (Ti) produced
From the formula
Mass = Number of moles × Molar mass
Molar mass of Titanium = 47.867 g/mol
∴ Mass of Titanium produced = 1.468 × 47.867
Mass of Titanium produced = 70.27 g
Hence, the mass of titanium that can be obtained from 1.40 kg of the ilmenite-sand mixture is 70.27 g
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In this experiment, you are given 3 unknown metals and will determine their identities by finding their densities. The possible metals are silver, rhodium, and platinum, with densities of 10.5, 12.4, and 21.45 g/cm3 respectively. First, you must determine the mass of a sample of one of the metals. Using the electronic balance, record the mass of the weigh boat. Pour approximately 50 g of the metal onto the weigh boat and record the combined mass. Then, pour approximately 10 mL of distilled water into a 25 mL graduated cylinder, and record the volume of water added. Pour the sample of metal from the weigh boat into the graduated cylinder, and record the combined volume. Take care to always record the volume from the bottom of the meniscus of the water, not the upper curved edges. From this, calculate the density of the metal. Repeat this process two more times for the same metal, using samples of approximately 75 g and 100 g respectively. Using these three data points, calculate the average density of the metal. Repeat this procedure for the other two metals to calculate their average densities. From these, identify the metals by comparing them to the given values of the densities of silver, rhodium, and platinum.
Answer:
Explanation:
This question is a practical question that needs to be practiced in a lab. However, the guide below will assist in answering the question.
Let's assume our unknown metals are X, Y and Z. The unknown metals will be weighed using a weight boat on an electronic balance. Hence, the mass of the weight boat will have to be measured if you do not wish to "tare" the balance when the weight boat is on it - the instruction in the question prefers the former.
Assuming the mass of the weight boat is measured to be 10g (and then recorded), the unknown is added to it until the balance reads 60g.
Hence,
The total mass recorded on the balance = the mass of the weight boat + 50g of the unknown sample.
When the unknown sample is then poured into the 10 ml of water in the 25 ml graduated cylinder, the volume of water will rise. The final volume of the water must be recorded in order to calculate the change in volume.
change in volume = Final volume recorded - 10 ml (volume of water before the sample was added)
Density of the unknown solid = mass of unknown solid (50 g) ÷ change in volume
This process is done three times (and all values recorded) for each metal (X, Y and Z). And the process is also done (three times with all values recorded) with different masses of 75 g and 100 g of the unknown sample.
In order to calculate the average density of each unknown metal, the following can be done.
The average density of unknown metal X of 50g (assuming it's DX₁) = (density obtained after first experiment + density obtained after second experiment + density obtained after third experiment)/3
The average density of unknown metal X of 75g (assuming it's DX₂) = (density obtained after first experiment + density obtained after second experiment + density obtained after third experiment)/3
The average density of unknown metal X of 100g (assuming it's DX₃) = (density obtained after first experiment + density obtained after second experiment + density obtained after third experiment)/3
The average density of metal X = (DX₁ + DX₂ + DX₃)/3
The same calculations (above) is repeated for metals Y and Z.
From the question, platinum has the highest density, followed by rhodium and then silver. Hence, after the experiments and then the calculations, the unknown metal with the highest average density will be assumed to be platinum and the next one will be assumed to be rhodium while the one with the least average density will be assumed to be silver.
PSYCHOLOGYWhen one individual perceives the events of a car crash to be different than another person, which of the following will most likely be occurring? A. One individual is present in a different context or situation than the other person, causing them to have different perceptions. B. One individual is experiencing an alternate reality, which results in a distorted perception. C. Individual perceptions could be influenced by differences in prior knowledge or experience. D. The perception of one individual is distorted because one in five individuals has problems with perceptual accuracy.
Answer:
the answer is c
Explanation:
Answer:
C. Individual perceptions could be influenced by differences in prior knowledge or experience.
Explanation:
