How many isotopes does Potassium have?

Here is my work:

Answer:

The correct answer is Water boiling. Examples of physical change are freezing of water, boiling of water, melting of wax, etc. Examples of chemical change are digestion of food, burning of paper, rusting of metal, silver tarnishing, etc.

The molecular formula of diazomethane is CH₂N₂, and the main reason for its instability is precisely the fact that it can very easily evolve nitrogen, as nitrogen's triple bond is one of the strongest covalent bonds in nature, and the energy released in its formation is more than enough to compensate the energy lost in the breaking of C-N bonds. The Lewis structure of diazomethane with the formal charges is attached below.

To obtain the molecular formula of diazomethane, we can imagine that we have 100 g of it. Now we can calculate the number of moles (n) for each of the elements, using their respective masses (m) and molar masses (M = 12 g/mol for carbon, 1 g/mol for hydrogen, and 14 g/mol for nitrogen):

n = m/M

n(C) = 28.57 g / 12 g/mol

n(C) = 2.38 mol

n(H) = 4.80 g / 1 g/mol

n(H) = 4.80 mol

n(N) = 66.64 g / 14 g/mol

n(N) = 4.76 mol

We now divide each of these numbers with the smallest of them (2.38) to calculate the molar ratio of the elements:

carbon: 2.38 / 2.38 = 1

hydrogen: 4.80 / 2.38 = 2

nitrogen: 4.76 / 2.38 = 2

Now we use these numbers to get the empirical formula of diazomethane: CH₂N₂.

The molar mass of the empirical formula is:

12 g/mol + 2 * 1 g/mol + 2 * 14 g/mol = 42 g/mol

Since this value is equal to the molar mass given to us, that means that CH₂N₂ is also the molecular formula of diazomethane.

When most radioactive atoms “spontaneously” decay to a more stable form the “additional” energy is converted to radiation with the emission of radioactive particles.

Radioactivity is the spontaneous decay of the nucleus of an atom with the emission of radiation and nuclear particles.

Elements that spontaneously decay are called radioactive elements.

When these radioactive elements decay, they form more stable isotopes or elements.

The spontaneous decay of atoms of radioactive elements is in order for the nucleus of the atom to become stable and non-radioactive.

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Answer:

Explanation:It is given that burning one mole of caffeine gives heat.

The given mass of caffeine is 5g.

Molar mass of caffeine can be calculated as shown below.

Calculate the number of moles of caffeine burned as follows:

Q = mc ΔT

0.0258 ×4.96 × 103 × 284.37

= 3.64 × 104J/°C

Considering the definition of atomic mass, isotopes and atomic mass of an element,  the isotope with masses of 62.939598 amu and 64.927793 amu have percent abundances of 69.80% and 30.20% respectively.

The atomic mass (A) is obtained by adding the number of protons and neutrons in a given nucleus of a chemical element.

The same chemical element can have the same atomic numbers, but the number of neutrons is different. These atoms are called isotopes of the element.

The atomic mass of an element is the weighted average mass of its natural isotopes, taking into account the relative abundance of each of them.

In this case, you know:

The percent abundance can be calculated as:

62.939598 amu× (x%÷100%) + 64.927793 amu× [(100-x)%÷100%]= 63.54 amu

Solving:

62.939598 amu× x+ 64.927793 amu× (1-x)= 63.54 amu

62.939598 amu× x+ 64.927793 amu× 1- 64.927793 amu× x= 63.54 amu

62.939598 amu× x- 64.927793 amu× x= 63.54 amu - 64.927793 amu× 1

-1.988195 amu× x= -1.387793 amu

x= (-1.387793 amu)÷ (-1.988195 amu)

x= 0.6980= 69.80%

Then, (100-x)%= (100 -69.80)%= 30.2%

Finally, the isotope with mass of 62.939598 amu has a percent abundance of 69.80% and the isotope with mass of 64.927793 amu has a percent abundance of 30.20%.

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In first place, the balanced reaction is:

Fe₂O₃ + 3 CO → 2 Fe + 3 CO₂

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

The molar mass of the compounds is:

Then, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

The limiting reagent is one that is consumed first in its entirety, determining the amount of product in the reaction.

To determine the limiting reagent, it is possible to use a simple rule of three as follows: if by stoichiometry 84 grams of CO reacts with 159.7 grams of Fe₂O₃, 13.4 grams of CO reacts with how much mass of Fe₂O₃?

mass of Fe₂O₃= (13.4 grams of CO× 159.7 grams of Fe₂O₃)÷ 84 grams of CO

mass of Fe₂O₃= 25.476 grams

But 25.476 grams of Fe₂O₃ are not available, 11.7 grams are available. Since you have less mass than you need to react with 13.4 grams of CO, Fe₂O₃ will be the limiting reagent.

The theoretical yield is the maximum amount of product that could be formed from the given amounts of reagents.

Considering the limiting reagent, the following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 159.7 grams of Fe₂O₃ form 111.7 grams of Fe, 11.7 grams of Fe₂O₃ form how much mass of Fe?

mass of Fe= (11.7 grams of Fe₂O₃×111.7 grams of Fe) ÷159.7 grams of Fe₂O₃

mass of Fe= 8.183 grams

Then, the theoretical yield of Fe is 8.183 grams.

The percent yield is the ratio of the actual return to the theoretical return expressed as a percentage.

The percent yield is calculated as the experimental yield divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100%:

percent yield= (actual yield÷ theoretical yield)×100%

In this case, you know:

Replacing in the definition of percent yield:

percent yield= (7 grams÷ 8.183 grams)×100%

Solving:

percent yield= 85.54%

Finally, the percent yield is 85.54%.

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Answer: A supersaturated

The correct answer is that a) covalent bonds need to form between molecules. The process of polymerization to polybutene doesn't require any of the other given transformations.

The polymerization process of 1-butene to polybutene includes the homolytic cleavage of the double bond and the formation of new covalent bonds between the radical formed and another molecule of 1-butene. This means that there is no need for oxidation (option b), formation of additional double bonds (option c, although the resulting molecule could also undergo polymerization, but it would not result in the formation of polybutene), or exchange of hydrogen atoms between the molecules (option d).

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Answer: A. Covalent bonds would need to form between the molecules.

Explanation: Got 100 on edmentum

The correct statements are:

The limiting reactant is completely used up in the reaction.

There will be an excess of other reactants at the end of the reaction.

The limiting reactant dictates the amount of product.

Which reactant will be the limiting reactant depends on the molar ratios of all the reactants in the experiment (and the coefficients in the balanced reaction equation), so it will absolutely vary depending on the reaction setup and conditions, which is why it cannot always be the same for a given reaction.

Because the molar ratios of the reactants dictate which of them will be the limiting one, it is not true that the one with the lowest mass will always be the limiting reactant.

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(b) electronegativity decreases left to right across the periodic table

Electronegativity increases from left to right in a period across the periodic table.

Electronegativity is a relative property that defines the tendency to attract shared pair of electrons. It is a unitless parameter that is calculated by different formulae.

Pauling scale is widely used to calculate the electronegativity values of a covalent bond. e.g. F = 4.0, Cl = 3.0, etc.

⇒Electron affinity decreases from top to bottom in the periodic table.

⇒Atomic radii decrease from left to right in the periodic table.

⇒Ionization energy decreases from top to bottom in the periodic table.

Due to the presence of two reactants and a single product, both chemical reactions X and Y are possible.

A synthesis reaction results in the formation of a single product that is more complicated than the initial reactants when two or more reactants are present.

When two or more reactants unite to create a single product, the reaction is called a synthesis. The general equation A + B = AB is used to describe this kind of reaction.

According to the definition of synthesis reactions, two reactants unite to create a chemical. In a synthesis reaction, two or more substances mix chemically to generate a single compound or a product.

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Answer: A

Explanation: It said on Course Hero

Answer:

384.9 mL.

Explanation:

What is given?

Volume 1 (V1) = 823.7 mL.

Pressure 1 (P1) = 351.8 torr.

Pressure 2 (P2) = 752.9 torr.

What do we need? Volume 2 (V2).

Step-by-step solution:

This is a Boyle's Law problem. Boyle's law states that the volume of a given mass of gas varies inversely with the pressure when the temperature is kept constant. An inverse relationship is described in this way. As one variable increases in value, the other variable decreases.

The formula of the law is:

Where P is pressure and V is volume. We want to find volume 2, 'V2'. So let's solve for 'V2' and replace the given data that we have in the new formula:

The new volumewill be 3384.9 mL You can note as the pressure is increasing, the volume is decreasing.

The volume of the balloon when the balloon descended down in the water becomes 0.0217 Liters.

We know, from the Boyle's Law,

If the temperature of a gas is kept constant, the pressure of the gas and the volume of the gas becomes inversely proportional to each other.

So, we can write,

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

Where,

P₁ is the initial pressure of the gas,

V₁ is the initial volume of the gas,

P₂ is the final pressure of the gas,

V₂ is the final volume of the gas.

According to the given condition, the initial volume of the ideal gas was 1.52 L and the initial pressure of the gas is 1 atm and the final pressure of the gas is 70 atm while the final volume is unknown,

So,

1.52 x 1 = V₂ x 70

V₂ = 0.0217 Liters.

The final Volume of the gas is 0.0217 Liters.

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Correct option is OC-  Developing a machine to control the rate of a reaction according to engineering

What is engineering?

Engineering is a field that has been performed for thousands of years, but STEM education, which attempts to engage students with science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, includes it as a component.

The Parthenon, Stonehenge, and the Pyramids of Giza, among other places, are instances of engineering. However, modern engineers work in a variety of fields in addition to erecting structures.

Engineers work on a variety of things, including as cell membranes, building materials, prosthetics, increasing the efficiency of engines and vehicles, and creating renewable energy sources.

Correct option is OC-  Developing a machine to control the rate of a reaction according to engineering

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The hydrogen ion, H⁺ cannot be added to a hydronium ion, H₃O⁺ , because the hydronium ion already contains a hydrogen ion.

The ions H⁺ and H₃O⁺ are the hydrogen ion and the hydronium ion respectively.

The hydrogen ion, H⁺ is formed when a hydrogen atom loses an electron. The hydrogen ion is known as a proton.

It is produced by acids when they dissociate in solution.

The hydronium ion, H₃O⁺ is formed when a water molecule combines with a hydrogen ion.

Because a hydrogen ion cannot exist on its own in aqueous solutions, the hydronium ion is the proper representation of the hydrogen ion in aqueous solutions.

Hence, the hydrogen ion H⁺, and the hydronium ion, H₃O⁺ are used interchangeably to represent acids in solution.

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The molarity of the solution is 0.619 M if we dissolve 23.4 g of manganese(ii) sulfate in a volumetric flask and add water to a total volume of 500 ml.

The molarity is equal to the moles of a solute divided by the total number of liters in the solution. The molarity of a material quantifies its concentration in a given volume of solution.

Molarity is the concept that describes the relationship between moles of a certain solute and the volume of the supplied solution. To calculate your molarity, you must start with moles and volumes, moles and milliliters, and mass and volumes.

Molarity formula and units

The units of molarity are M or mol/L.

Molarity equation

M = moles solute/liters solution

Molarity = number of moles of solute divided by the volume of solution in a liter

= number of moles of solute × 1000/ volume of solution in the liter

= number of moles

= Mass/ molecular weight

= 23.4/151

= 0.155moles

Molarity = 0.155× 1000/250

= 0.619 M

The concentration of manganese ion = concentration of sulphate ion = 0.619 M

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1) Groups of elements in the periodic table.

Metals are located in the middle and left side of the periodic table.

The second picture has correctly shaded the metals.

.

The oxides of 'C' and 'N' are the two molecular compounds having the same mass i.e. CO₂ and N₂O.

To calculate the molecular weight of a molecule, individual atomic masses of various elements are added.

Given: The atomic mass of 'C' = 12u

          The atomic mass of 'N' = 14u

          The atomic mass of 'O' = 16u

∵Molecular weight of CO₂ = 12+16+16 = 44g/mol

The molecular weight of Carbon Dioxide is 44g/mol.

∵Molecular weight of N₂O = 14+14+16 = 44g/mol

The molecular weight of Nitrous Oxide is 44g/mol.

Molecular compounds having the same mass are known as Isobars. Isobaric properties are:

e.g.: Ar and Ca

Type of evidence can be pulled from both a computer and a portable device is images, text history, GPS coordinates

Computer is the machine that can store and process the information and it is an electronic device that manipulate information or data and type of  evidence can be pulled and collected from digital device is

The above all examples of information that can obtained from electric devices

Therefore, the digital evidence can be pulled from both a computer and a portable device is  images, text history, GPS coordinates

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In this question, we have to calculate the theoretical yield of AlCl3, based on the following reaction:

2 Al + 3 Cl2 -> 2 AlCl3

In this reaction, we have the following molar ratios:

2 Al = 3 Cl2

2 Al = 2 AlCl3

3 Cl2 = 2 AlCl3

We have as the initial mass of the reactants:

1.0 grams of Al and 1.0 grams of Cl2

We need to find the limiting and excess reactants before the theoretical yield, and in order to find the limiting and excess reactants, we need to calculate the number of moles we have in 1.0 grams of each

Starting with Al, the molar mass of Al is = 27g/mol

27g = 1 mol of Al

1.0g = x moles of Al

27x = 1

x = 0.37 moles of Al in 1 gram of Al

According to the molar ratio between Al and Cl2, 2 moles of Al = 3 moles of Cl2, what if we have 0.37 moles of Al:

2 Al = 3 Cl2

0.37 Al = x Cl2

2x = 1.11

x = 1.11/2

x = 0.55 moles of Cl2 will be needed to react with 0.37 moles of Al

The molar mass of Cl2 is 70.9g/mol:

70.9g = 1 mol of Cl2

1.0g = x moles

70.9x = 1

x = 1/70.9

x = 0.014 moles

We have 0.014 moles of Cl2 in this reaction, and we needed 0.55 moles of Cl2, which means that Cl2 is the limiting reactant and Al is in excess

Using the number of moles of the limiting reactant, 0.014 moles, we will find the final mass of the product

First we need to know how many moles of AlCl3 we have, based on the molar mass between Cl2 and AlCl3, 3:2

3 Cl2 = 2 AlCl3

0.014 Cl2 = x AlCl3

3x = 0.028

x = 0.028/3

x = 0.009 moles of AlCl3

Now we have the number of moles of AlCl3, the molar mass is = 133.34g/mol

133.34g = 1 mol

x grams = 0.009 moles of AlCl3

x = 0.009 * 133.34

x = 1.20 grams of AlCl3

The theoretical yield of AlCl3 for 1.0 gram of Al and 1.0 gram of Cl2 will be 1.20 grams

The ddt in the soil with half-life of 12 years needs 44.4 years to decompose.

We need to know about the half-life of the radioactive elements to solve this problem. The radioactive element will decay over time and follow the equation

N = No(1/2)^(t/t'')

where N is the final quantity, No is the initial quantity, λ is the decaying constant, t is time and t'' is the half-life of a radioactive element.

From the question above, we know that

t'' = 12 yr

N = 15 ppbm

No = 195

By substituting the given parameter, we can calculate the required for decomposing

N = No(1/2)^(t/t'')

15 = 195(1/2)^(t/12)

1/13 = (0.5) ^ (t/12)

t/12 = ⁰'⁵log(1/13)

t/12 = 3.7

t = 44.4 years

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The pressure - volume work can be determined using the change in volume ΔV and a constant pressure P. Here, the final volume for the work done of 355 J at a pressure of 1 atm is 346 l.

Work done on system or by a system can be thermodynamically determined using the equations connecting the variables temperature, T pressure p and volume V.

A pressure-volume work done is the expansion or compression of a gas at constant pressure and this can be mathematically written as:

W  = - P ΔV.

    = -P (V2 - V1)

It is given that the initial volume V1 = 8.50 L at a pressure of 1 atm and the work done for the expansion to volume V2 is 655 J. Thus, the final volume V2 is calculated as follows:

- 355 J = 1 atm ( V2 - 8.50 L)

      V2 = -355 + 8.50 L

            = 346.5 L.

Here, the volume is increased highly from the initial volume so this expansion and is work done by the system. Therefore, the final volume of the system is 346 liters.

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The incorrect statement is, "reaction rate is the speed at which the reaction proceeds towards equilibrium".

The rate of the reaction is defined as the rate at which the reaction is taking place.

It is true that the rate of reaction is governed by the energy barrier between the reactant and the products.

Enzymes are special compounds which can accelerate the rate of reaction.

The rate of reaction is independent of the rate of temperature of the system. The rate of reaction depends on the concentration of the reactants.

Rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the increase in concentration of products.

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Type of force would put the soccer ball in motion is unbalanced force.

Unbalanced force is  defined as when the net force acting on the object is not equal to zero. The unbalanced force brings an object in motion. while balanced force acting on any object does not change the state of rest or uniform motion. The soccer ball moves from one place to another because unbalanced forces are acting on the soccer ball. this means the resultant force acting on soccer ball is not equal to zero.

Thus, Type of force would put the soccer ball in motion is unbalanced force.

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Answer:

b) Unbalanced force

Explanation:

Unbalanced force is the type of force which puts the soccer ball in motion while kicking it. Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

From the slope of the graph, the experiment’s results lie close to the best fit line and have no noticeable outliers; it is reliable; option D

A line of best fit is a line that plots a range of data to the approximately best value.

The line of best will minimized the variation between several points in the data.

Considering the data points plotted, the slope of the whole line can be derived as:

slope = Δy / Δx

slope = (3.4 - 0.8) / (0.6 - 0.1)

slope = 5.2

Taking the slope from the intercept of the line of best fit on the y-axis

Slope = (3.4 - 0.4) / (0.6 - 0.0)

slope = 5.0

Therefore, the data is reliable.

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Using the balanced reaction equation, we can calculate that the mass of the precipitate will be 1.617 g.

To solve this question, we need to write the balanced reaction equation first:

2 NaF(aq) + BeSO₄(aq) → Na₂SO₄(aq) + BeF₂(s)

We can now see that the precipitate will be beryllium fluoride. We can also see that 1 mol of beryllium sulfate reacts with 2 moles of sodium fluoride. Now we can calculate the number of moles (n) of both reactants using their molarities (c) and volumes (V):

c = n/V ⇒ n = c * V

n(NaF) = c(NaF) * V(NaF)

n(NaF) = 4.988 M * 79.854 mL = 0.3983 mol

n(BeSO₄) = c(BeSO₄) * V(BeSO₄)

n(BeSO₄) = 1.471 M * 23.3760 mL

n(BeSO₄) = 0.03439 mol

We can see that n(NaF) is more than 2 times greater than n(BeSO₄), so NaF is in excess, and BeSO₄ is the limiting reactant. Now we can calculate the number of moles of BeF₂ formed:

1 mol BeSO₄ : 1 mol BeF₂ = 0.03439 mol BeSO₄ : X

X = 0.03439 mol BeF₂

We can now convert the number of moles (n = 0.03439 mol) of BeF₂ into mass (m), using the molar mass of BeF₂ (M = 47.01 g/mol):

n = m/M ⇒ m = n * M

m = 0.03439 mol * 47.01 g/mol

m = 1.617 g

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The concentration of diluted solution is 0.2 M.

The concentration and volume are related by the formula - [tex] M_{1}[/tex] [tex] V_{1}[/tex] = [tex] M_{2}[/tex] [tex] V_{2}[/tex], where [tex] M_{1}[/tex] and [tex] M_{2}[/tex] are initial and final concentration. [tex] V_{1}[/tex] and [tex] V_{2}[/tex] are initial and final volumes.

Keep the values in relation to find the concentration of final diluted solution.

0.652 × 20.6 = [tex] M_{2}[/tex] × (44.2 + 20.6)

Performing addition on Right Hand Side

0.652 × 20.6 = [tex] M_{2}[/tex] × 64.8

Performing multiplication and division

[tex] M_{2}[/tex] = 13.43÷64.8

[tex] M_{2}[/tex] = 0.2 M

Thus, the diluted solution is 0.2 M.

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The chromatography experiment which would best decide whether the compounds are identical or not is to Repeat the original experiment once more with various solvent systems;

If two things have the same Rf value, they are probably the same compound, but not always. They are definitely distinct compounds if their Rf values differ.

Compounds with a low polarity have higher Rf values than compounds with higher polarity. Compounds' absorptivity typically rises in tandem with their polarity—that is, the more polar a compound is, the more strongly it binds to the adsorbent. Solvents' eluting power increases with polarity. In diverse solvents, different compounds with identical Rf values might behave differently.

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