) If fertilization occurs, the ________ is maintained because the embryo secretes ________. A) corpus albicans; human chorionic gonadotrophin B) corpus luteum; luteinizing hormone C) corpus cavernosum; human chorionic gonadotrophin D) corpus luteum; human chorionic gonadotrophin E) corpus albicans; placental prolactin

Muscles undergo physical changes that last a lifetime as you get stronger. Both the number of muscle fibres and their cross-sectional area must increase for this to occur.

The number of myofibrils, the contractile units of muscle fibres, has increased, which has led to a rise in the number of muscle fibres. Myofibril size growth is the cause of the enlargement of muscle fibres.

This is accomplished by a process known as hypertrophy, in which the myofibrils grow larger and more numerous as a result of the muscle's increasing contractions. The efficiency of the muscle fibres and myofibrils also improves, enabling them to exert greater force with less effort.

As a result, the muscle becomes significantly more durable and stronger.

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Answer:

C is correct because angiosperms are the only organisms in the plant kingdom that create flowers.

Explanation:

A is incorrect because gymnosperms (conifers, cycads, ginkgo) also bear seeds.

B is incorrect because the majority of extant plants are vascular plants.

D is incorrect because the gametophyte in angiosperms is significantly reduced in size compared to that of gymnosperms.

The greatest albedos of all surface features on Earth are found in snow and ice, which in some areas of Antarctica may reflect up to 90% of solar energy. Here option C is the correct answer.

The ALBEDO scale ranges from 0 (a black body that absorbs all incident radiation) to 1 (a body that reflects all incident radiation), and it measures the diffuse reflection of solar energy out of the total solar radiation.

The freshest snow would have the highest albedo. Fresh snow has a high albedo of 80–90%, which is a measurement of how much solar radiation is reflected by a surface.

The false statement among the options is "Land provides far more water vapor (and latent heat) to enter the atmosphere than oceans." Land doesn't provide more water vapor than oceans, in fact, oceans are the main source of water vapor in the atmosphere, due to their large surface area, and their capacity to store a large amount of heat energy. Oceans provide more latent heat and water vapor to the atmosphere than land.

Complete question:

Which of the following would have the highest albedo? Multiple Choice.

A - Asphalt

B - forest

C - fresh snow

D - open water

E - soil

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Cortisol's affinity for intracellular receptors raises blood sugar levels

The primary stress hormone, cortisol, elevates blood sugar (glucose), enhances the brain's ability to use it, and increases the amount of substances that can be used to repair cells. Cortisol also inhibits physiological activities that would be superfluous or harmful in a fight-or-flight situation.Humans have created cortico steroids, which are drugs that closely resemble the hormone cortisol, which is created naturally by your adrenal glands.In response to stress, hormones and nerves send messages to various sections of the body. In response to these signals, your adrenal glands release hormones including cortisol and adrenaline. A spike in the body's blood sugar is the result.

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The percentage by mass of water in the crystal would be 9.8% Correct option (2)

Mass of hydrated crystal = 4.10 grams

Mass of crystal after heating to constant mass = 3.70 grams

The heating must have removed the water. Thus, the mass of water can be calculated by removing the mass of the crystal after heating to constant mass from the hydrated mass.

Mass of water = 4.30 - 3.70

                        = 0.4 grams

Percentage by mass of water = mass of water/mass of hydrated crystal x 100

                        = 0.4/4.10 x 100

                          = 9.76

                            ≈ 9.8

What is an example of a hydrated crystal?

The water that is present in the latter scenario is referred to as crystallization water or water of hydration. Gypsum (CaSO42H2O), borax (Na3B4O710H2O), and epsom salts (MgSO47H2O) are typical examples of minerals that occur as hydrates.

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Full Question : A hydrate is a compound that includes water molecules within itscrystal structure. During an experiment to determine the percent bymass of water in a hydrated crystal, a student found the mass of thehydrated crystal to be 4.10 grams. After heating to constant mass, themass was 3.70 grams. What is the percent by mass of water in this crystal?(1) 90.% (2) 9.8%(3) 11% (4) 0.40%

A microbe that grows only at the bottom of a tube of thioglycollate medium is probably an (e) obligate anaerobe.

Obligate anaerobes cannot survive in the air because they lack the protections necessary for aerobic life—they can only exist in the absence of oxygen. The singlet oxygen molecule is very reactive when energized. In order for the cells to survive in the presence of oxygen, superoxide must be eliminated.

Organisms known as obligatory anaerobes can only develop and endure without oxygen. In aerobic settings, they often pass away. Obligate anaerobes produce oxygen reduction products during their metabolic processes and development that are then released into the environment to kill them at typical atmospheric oxygen concentrations (i.e., 20.95% O2).

Clostridium botulinum, for instance, etc.

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The energy for sensory transduction by the lateral line system in fish comes from d. water movements.

In the somatosensory device the sensory transduction particularly entails the conversion of the mechanical sign along with pressure, pores and skin compression, stretch, vibration to electro-ionic impulses via the manner of mechanic transduction. It additionally consists of the sensory transduction associated with thermosetting and nociception. Sensory transduction is the manner through which residences inside our outside and inner surroundings emerge as encoded as nerve impulses. 2. It is carried through specialized structures, particularly sensory receptors. Sensory receptors range from unmarried cells to complicated feel organs.

Thus, option c is the correct option.

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Thyroid and steroid hormones exert a regulatory effect on target cells by way of nuclear receptors.

These hormones bind to receptors in the cell's nucleus, which then activate or repress specific genes. This causes the cell to produce different proteins, which in turn can alter the cell's function.

This process is essential for controlling many different physiological processes, such a:

Thyroid and steroid hormones are chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands in the body:

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Meiosis is associated with the haploid number of chromosomes. Meiosis is a specialized process of cell division in which a diploid cell (cell with two sets of chromosome) is divided by half to produce four haploid cells (cells with a single set of chromosomes),

which develop to form gametes that are genetically to the parent cell that produced it. Meiosis takes place in all sexually reproducing unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes which includes animals, plants, and fungi. Sperm and eggs are the haploid cells made during meiosis in humans.  

Meiosis is the process of forming a haploid cell from a diploid cell. The distinction between haploid and diploid cells is that haploid cells have one complete set of chromosomes whereas diploid cells have two entire sets of chromosomes. Meiosis is the process through which a diploid (2n) parent cell divides.

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High-dose folic acid can mask a Vitamin B12 deficiency, which means option c is the correct choice.

Folate (diet B-9) is crucial in crimson blood mobileular formation and for wholesome mobileular increase and function. The nutrient is vital all through early being pregnant to lessen the threat of delivery defects of the mind and spine. Folate is observed in particular in darkish inexperienced leafy vegetables, beans, peas and nuts. Fruits wealthy in folate encompass oranges, lemons, bananas, melons and strawberries. The artificial shape of folate is folic acid. It's in an critical element of prenatal nutrients and is in lots of fortified ingredients inclusive of cereals and pastas.

Thus, vitamin B12 deficiency can be masked by high dose of folic acid.

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Induced pluripotent stem cells can become any cell type in the body, but are from adults, avoiding the controversies associated with embryonic stem cells. The correct option is C.

The basic functional, structural, and smallest unit of life, or cell, is what is normally present in all living things.

According to cell type, all living things are broadly divided into the following two categories in science:

In essence, the ability of induced pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into any type of cell within the body of a living organism makes them a useful tool in science and medicine.

However, these cells are typically derived from adults, avoiding the ethical issues surrounding embryonic stem cells.

Thus, the correct option is C.

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Sex-linked qualities are those that are impacted by genes found on the sex chromosomes, as related to genetics.

Humans are thought to have about 20,000 and 25,000 genes, according to the Human Genome Project, an international scientific project that aimed to decipher the human genome's sequence and catalog its genes. Every gene is present in two copies, one from each parent, in every individual.

Your cells receive instructions from your genes on how to function and develop. The foundation of the body is made up of cells. Your body is comprised of millions of interconnected cells in every part. Chromosomes are the units on which genes are organized.

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Answer:

Histamine

B cells

Antigens

Adaptive immune response

Explanation:

A cell signal called histamine is produced by mast cells. These molecules cause more fluid to spread to an infected area. B cells are the types of cells that produce antibodies. All pathogens have unique identifying molecules on their surfaces called antigens Antibodies bind to these, and targeting the pathogen to be destroyed by the immune system.Adaptive immune response is a non-specific response to disease, in which the body temperature rises.#SPJ4

Meiosis consists of two rounds of cell division followed by no periods of DNA replication. This method cuts the number of chromosomes in half.

Human cells have 23 chromosomal pairs, with each chromosome inside a pair known as a homologous chromosome.

Before meiosis II, homologous pairs of cells exist and divide into chromosomes. During meiosis II, these chromosomes are separated into sister chromatids. Crossing over or recombination of genetic material occurs during meiosis I but not during meiosis II.

The first meiotic division results in the formation of two haploid cells. Because there is only one of each pair of homologous chromosomes at each pole, the cells are haploid.

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The average lifespan of polar bear in captivity is around about 20-30 years.

Polar bears live an  normal of 15- 18 times in the wild. still, their life  expectation can vary depending on the health of their  terrain and its vacuity of prey. In  prison, polar bears have been known to live as long as 40 times.   Polar bears have several acclimations that help them survive in their Arctic  surroundings. A thick subcaste of blubber helps them stay warm, while their white fur helps them  mix in with their snowy surroundings. Polar bears have  important swimming  capacities, allowing them to swim up to 60  long hauls in a single day. They're also excellent  nimrods,  suitable to  descry their prey from  long hauls down. In recent times, global climate change has caused a  drop in the polar bear population. As the Arctic  ocean ice melts, polar bears have  lower access to their prey, causing them to starve. This has drastically  docked the  lifetime of  numerous polar bears in the wild. In order to  cover these  creatures, conservation  sweats are being made to  save their  niche and  insure their long- term survival.

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Polar bears in the Arctic often live for 18 to 20 years. Polar bears are thought by biologists to live short lives in the wild, mostly because as they age, they find it difficult to hunt seals.

Polar bears live between 32 and 35 years under optimum circumstances, such as those offered in captivity, with one captive example living to be 43 years old. However, due to the difficulty of hunting as they age, they seldom ever live above 25 years in the Arctic. Within wild populations, men are assumed to have a lower annual survival rate than females. This is possibly due to the fact that when male polar bears battle over females, they frequently sustain lethal wounds.

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The muscles used when lifting heavy objects depend on the type of lift being performed. Generally, the primary muscles used are the quadriceps, glutes, hamstrings, and core muscles.

The quadriceps are the muscles located on the front of the thigh and are responsible for extending the knee joint.

The glutes are the muscles located in the buttocks and are responsible for hip extension.

The hamstrings are the muscles located on the back of the thigh and are responsible for knee flexion.

The core muscles are the muscles located in the abdomen and lower back and are responsible for stabilizing the spine and trunk.

All of these muscles work together to lift the object, with the quadriceps and glutes providing the power and the hamstrings and core muscles providing stability.

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During the development of most animals, cleavage leads to the formation of a gastrula. The correct option is B.

Most animals reproduce sexually, and the diploid stage usually dominates the life cycle. In most species, a small, flagellated motile sperm fertilizes a larger, non-motile egg, forming a diploid zygote. The zygote then undergoes cleavage, a succession of mitotic cell divisions without cell growth between division cycles.

During the development of most animals, cleavage leads to the formation of a multicellular stage called a blastula, which in many animals takes the form of a hollow ball. Following the blastula stage is the process of gastrulation, during which layers of embryonic tissues that will develop into adult body parts are produced. Thus, the cells of various layers get differentiated and get destined to form different organs of the animal body. The resulting developmental stage is called gastrula.

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For human beings there are million of possible sperm and million of possible eggs which can be produced which results in trillions possible genetic combinations.

Human reproduction is a condition when man genital organ penetrate female genital organ in result of releasing sperm that run toward the eggs in the female genital organs in order create a seed.  The seed will contain the mix of male and female DNA who doing the reproduction. In short, child will inherit both of his parent DNA. But, It does not mean the child has to be have a similar look to their parent because of there is recessive DNA on both of their parent that might be dominant on the child that cause the child look different from their parent.

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Statements 1, 2, and 3 are true about diabetes.

The immune system of the patient targets the insulin-producing beta cells in type 1 diabetes, which is a form of autoimmune illness. Consequently, the blood glucose level rises. Wax, fat, sterols, and other non-polar solvents are examples of lipids, which are biological molecules.

When the amount of fat (lipid) increases in the pancreatic beta cells, it destroys them and prevents the synthesis of insulin. This further contributes to the development of diabetes (type II).

Increased resistance to the hormone insulin is caused by an abnormal rise in the levels of metabolites such lipids, cytokines (from adipose tissues), and fatty acids. Diabetes is subsequently brought on by an increase in blood glucose levels.

Therefore, 1,2 and 3 statements are correct.

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A freckle is a concentrated spot of melanin pigment.

A freckle is a dense concentration of melanin pigment. Melanin is a chemical found in your body that causes pigmentation in your hair, eyes, and skin. The darker your eyes, hair, and skin will be if you create more melanin. The quantity of melanin in your body is determined by several variables, including genetics and the amount of sun exposure your ancestors had. Melanin, in its different forms, performs a number of biological tasks, including skin and hair coloring as well as photoprotection of the skin and eyes. Pigmentation of the skin is caused by the formation of melanin-containing melanosomes in the epidermis's basal layer.

Here,

A freckle is a dense concentration of melanin pigment.

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A bone process or eye membrane disease term that means resembling a wing is alar. Alar refers to a bony structure or an eye membrane that is shaped like a wing, typically with a broad base and a narrow tip.

The term alar is derived from the Latin word ala, meaning “wing.” It is commonly used to refer to the alar cartilages of the nose, which are two small triangular pieces of cartilage on either side of the nose that help give the nose its shape. Alar can also be used to describe certain eye membrane diseases, such as alar pannus, a type of corneal dystrophy.

Alar pannus is a degenerative eye condition in which the cornea becomes cloudy due to an accumulation of abnormal proteins. It is characterized by the presence of a grayish-white, fibrous membrane that resembles a wing. The membrane is formed due to the disruption of the basement membrane of the cornea, resulting in the accumulation of abnormal proteins. This causes the cornea to become cloudy and impair vision.

Aside from alar pannus, alar can also be used to describe the bone structure of the nasal septum, which is the wall of bone and cartilage that separates the nostrils. The nasal septum is composed of two alar processes, one on each side, which form the “wings” of the nose.

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Monoamine neurotransmission is hypothesized to be (b) decreased while in depression.

The catecholamines dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline are examples of monoamine neurotransmitters, along with serotonin. These substances modulate a variety of bodily processes, including hormone production, pain, body temperature, cardiovascular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal regulation, as well as psychomotor function.

The production of monoamines depends heavily on AADC. Levodopa is changed into dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptophan is changed into serotonin by this pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme. The breakdown of monoamines results in the production of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol (3-MHPG) from norepinephrine, 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) from serotonin, and homovanillic acid (HVA) from dopamine.

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When the absorbance was plotted over time, it would first rise and then level off.

The absorbance is measured and a sigmoid curve is produced.

The number of bacteria cells was initially low following the injection since they were still in the adaptation phase (lag phase) and their optical densities had barely changed. Later, when the cells reach the log phase and the optical density rises, the number grows. Later, when nutrients are depleted and waste builds up, the culture enters stationary phase, growth slows, and the optical density value levels out.

The logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted radiant power through a sample is known as absorbance.

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Inbreeding is a type of genetic drift is often used by humans to isolate specific characteristics so that they can then be eliminated. Thus, the correct option is C.

Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of two individuals or organisms which are closely related genetically to each other. This term is used in human reproduction, however it more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and other consequences as well which may arise from the expression of deleterious or recessive traits that are resulting from incestuous sexual relationships and consanguinity between relate individuals.

The two main negative consequences of inbreeding include an increased risk of undesirable genes and the reduction in genetic diversity of a species. The House of Habsburg may be the best example of the effects of inbreeding in humans.

Therefore, the correct option is C.

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A major division in plant systematics is based on whether a particular species have vascular tissue.

Vascular tissue is a multicellular conducting tissue that is present in vascular plants and is complicated in nature. The xylem and phloem make up the majority of vascular tissue. These two tissues internalize liquids and nutrients. The plant's vascular tissue moves water, nutrients, and carbohydrates to various locations.

The specialized conducting tissues xylem and phloem are what make up vascular tissue. Transporting water and nutrients from the roots to various areas of the plant, xylem tissue also functions as a structural support in the stem.

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Option a is Correct. Landslides can occur when rocks and dirt in the Earth unexpectedly move, the Earth's surface can alter either swiftly or slowly.

The earth's surface varies. Some changes are brought about by gradual processes like erosion and weathering, while other changes are brought about quickly by events like landslides, volcanic eruptions, and earthquakes. The rapid flow of soil and rocks down a slope is known as a landslide.

Sliding rocks can be extremely dangerous. In the sea, on the coastline, and along the coast, there are landslides. When ice, water, wind, or gravity take up and transfer rocks and sediments to another location, erosion occurs. The landforms gradually become smaller as a result of weathering and erosion. The rocks are shifted, and then they start to construct.

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Correct Question:

The Earth's surface can change either quickly or slowly. Which of these can happen when rocks and soil in the Earth move suddenly?

a. landslides

b. tornadoes

c. hurricanes

d. blizzards

Answer:

It is possible that genetic researchers may be able to develop a way to change a person's genes to cure hemophilia. Hemophilia is a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the gene responsible for producing clotting factors. If researchers could find a way to replace or repair the mutated gene, it is possible that a cure for hemophilia could be developed. However, due to the complexity of the genetic code, this is still a long way off and may require further research and development.

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Answer: Hip region

Explanation:

Option b is Correct. The term "wild type" refers to the phenotype that occurs most frequently in a natural population.

Mendel suggested that a gene could have no more than two alleles, one dominant and one recessive. We now understand that this is being simplified. Despite the fact that humans (and all other diploid species) can only have two alleles for any particular gene, populations may include several alleles, leading to the observation of numerous two-allele combinations.

Remember that the term "wild type" (commonly abbreviated "+") is used to refer to the most prevalent phenotype or genotype in the natural population when multiple alleles of the same gene exist. All other phenotypes or genotypes, which depart from the wild type, are regarded as variations (mutants) of this typical form.

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Mendel's hypothesis of inheritance, also known as the particulate theory of inheritance, proposed that genetic information is discrete and passed on from parents to offspring in the form of discrete hereditary factors, or genes.

This was in contrast to the blending theory of inheritance, which proposed that when two parents with different traits mate, the offspring will have a combination of those traits, or a blend of the traits of the parents. This means that the traits would become less distinct in each successive generation, eventually leading to a homogenous population. Mendel's hypothesis of inheritance, however, proposed that the traits of each parent are passed on to the offspring intact, so that the traits remain distinct in each successive generation.

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