Sodium and lithium have similar chemical properties because both sodium and lithium have one valence electron
Chemical properties is the characteristics of particular substances that can be observed in a chemical reaction and the valence shell electrons in an atom determine the way it will interact with neighboring atoms and therefore determine its chemical properties and both sodium and lithium have one valence electron they share similar chemical properties and element sodium and lithium belong to group IA of the periodic table and the main characteristics is the a single electron in their outermost shell
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The conversion of solar energy into the chemical energy of a carbohydrate occurs during the process of.
The conversion of solar energy into the chemical energy of a carbohydrate occurs during the process of photosynthesis.
Certain organisms convert solar energy (sunlight) into chemical energy through photosynthesis, which is then used to construct carbohydrate molecules. When an organism breaks down food, the energy that was used to keep these molecules together is released.
The energy generated by photosynthesis continuously enters the planet's ecosystems and is transferred from one organism to another. As a result, the majority of the energy that all living things on Earth require comes from the process of photosynthesis, either directly or indirectly.
Oxygen is also released into the atmosphere as a result of photosynthesis. To summarize, humans rely almost entirely on photosynthesis-producing organisms for food and oxygen.
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8CO + 17H2 → C8H18 + 8H2O
In this chemical reaction, how many grams of H2 will react completely with 6.50 moles of CO? Express your answer to three significant figures.
___ grams of H2 will react completely.
((27.6 IS NOT THE CORRECT ANSWER!!!!!)
Answer:
I don't know why 27.6 g is not the correct answer. I believe that it is correct.
27.6 grams of [tex]H_{2}[/tex].
Explanation:
The balanced equation tells us that 17 moles of hydrogen will react completely with 8 moles of carbon monoxide. That is a molar ratio of 17/8 moles H2/molesCO.
If we start with 6.5 moles of CO, we need:
(6.5 moles CO)*(17/8 moles H2/moles CO) = 13.8 moles of H2 (3 sig figs)
Convert 13.8 moles of H2 into grams H2 by multiplying by the molar mass iof H2 (2g/mole):
(13.8 moles H2)*(2 g H2/mole H2) = 27.6 grams of [tex]H_{2}[/tex].
The photo of a glass of water shows the most abundant substance of earths surface. Which fact about this substance tells you it is a compound
Water is the most abundant substance in earth. Water is a compound because it made of a number of H₂O molecules. Water is a homogeneous compound.
What is compounds?Compounds are substances formed by chemical bonding of two or more elements. All the molecules in the compounds will be identical. For example CO₂ where one carbon and two oxygens covalently bond together to form the compound.
Each compound is made of a number of molecules. Thus molecules are the basic units of compounds like we say as for atoms for every substances.
There are different types of compounds based on the type of bond and number of atoms etc namely ionic compounds, covalent compounds, coordination compounds etc.
Water contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen thus forms one molecule of water. Similar kinds of molecules joins together to form the compound.
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When a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to either oxygen, , or fluorine there will be an attraction between that hydrogen and a lone pair of on a nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine atom on an adjacent molecule. This attraction is called a bond.
When a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to either oxygen, , or fluorine there will be an attraction between that hydrogen and a lone pair of on a nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine atom on an adjacent molecule. This attraction is called a bond nitrogen lone bond.
Lone pairs do they produce hydrogen bonds?Strong intermolecular interactions known as hydrogen bonds can develop between adjacent molecules. Between the covalently bound hydrogen atom of one molecule and the electron lone pair of a second molecule, hydrogen bonds are created.
Due to their strong electronegativity, only nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine atoms may be used in this process. These three atoms have extremely high electronegativity, which makes it simple for them to draw the electron from the hydrogen atom and establish hydrogen bonds.
Atoms within a molecule are held together by intramolecular forces. There are forces between molecules known as intermolecular forces.
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does a 700 nm photon have more or less energy than a 400 nm photon? more less correct: your answer is correct. by what factor more (or less)? enter your answer as e700 nm e400 nm . e700 nm e400 nm
It is the 400 nm photon that has the greater energy by a factor of 1.77.
What is the wavelength?We know that the wavelength has to do with the horizontal distance that is covered by a wave. We know that the longer the distance that is covered then the weaker the wave. In other words, the wavelength of the wave is inversely proportional to the to the energy of the wave. The greater the wavelength, the lesser the energy.
Let us now find the energy of each of the wavelengths;
E = hc/λ
E = energy of the light
h = Plank's constant
c = speed of light
λ = wavelength
For the 700 nm photon;
E = 6.6 * 10^-34 * 3 * 10^8/ 700 * 10^-9
E = 2.8 * 10^-19 J
For the 400 nm photon;
E = 6.6 * 10^-34 * 3 * 10^8/ 400 * 10^-9
E= 4.95 * 10^-19 J
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a student separated the three compounds below using the acid base extraction procedure. he then followed is experiment with tlc using acetone hexanes mixture as mobile phase. what would you expect the student to see on tlc? would he run into difficulty with the tlc? explain
The student used an acid-base extraction method to isolate three compounds. In this lab, students will use solvents of different polarity (mobile phases) to determine the optimal separation of the pigments found in spinach extracts.
Mixtures are physical mixtures or additional materials that retain their inherent properties and come together in the form of a reaction, suspension, or colloid. Combinations are materials made from materials or other uniquely styled materials. It can be separated using physical methods. Examples include solutions of salt and water, mixtures of sugar and water, various gases, and air.
The mixture consists of one or more pure materials with different compositions. There are heterogeneous and homogeneous types of mixtures. Dissimilar combinations have visually distinguishable additives, while homogeneous combinations appear uniform throughout. Agglomerates are created by the mixing of two or more distinct substances in the body and can be separated from below into their original substances. A chemical reaction occurs when additional substances combine to form a completely new substance and cannot be separated back into the original substance.
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Please help me with this Chemistry problem..
A rectangular piece of fabric with a length of 1.20 meters and a width of 0.85 meters must be divided into twelve, equal sized units for forensic sampling purposes. What are the dimensions of the twelve smaller portions?
The dimensions of the twelve smaller portions of the rectangular piece of fabric will be:
length = 0.1 mwidth = 0.85 mWhat will be the dimensions of the twelve smaller portions of the rectangular piece of fabric?The dimensions of the twelve smaller portions of the rectangular piece of fabric will be determined below as follows:
Dimension of the original piece of fabric is given as;
length = 1.20 meters and
width = 0.85 meters
The number of divisions of the fabric will be 12 equal parts
The multiples of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
Using the multiples to determine the dimensions of the twelve smaller portions:
12 and 1
Length = 1.2 / 12 = 0.1 m
width = 0.85 / 1 = 0.85 m
6 and 2
Length = 1.2 / 6 = 0.2 m
width = 0.85 / 2 = 0.425 m
4 and 3
Length = 1.2 / 4 = 0.3 m
width = 0.85 / 3 = 0.283 m
Therefore, the multiples 12 and 1 are the best match.
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List three specific examples of a physical change.
Answer:
Cutting hair is a physical change since it doesn't change the substance its still hair
bending a paper clips since it's also the same substance
Ice cube melting
Explanation:
All of these are physical change since there reversible and they all still stay the same substance
The mass of an atom of chlorine-37 is _______ than the mass of an atom of chlorine-35
The mass of an atom of chlorine 37 is heavier than the mass of an atom of chlorine 35.
Mass number of atomsThe mass number of atoms is the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nuclei of atoms.
Mathematically:
Mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons
The protons are the positively charged particles located in the nuclei of atoms while the neutrons are neutrally charged particles found in the nuclei of atoms as well.
Both proton and neutron numbers determine how heavy an atom would be. Electrons of atoms are usually located outside the nuclei and contribute a negligible amount to the weight of atoms.
Thus, a chlorine atom with an atomic mass of 37 is heavier than a chlorine atom with a mass of 35.
Although both atoms are from the same elements, they are called isotopes. Isotopes of the same element have the same proton number but different mass numbers.
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help pls !
The pressure of 6.0 L of an ideal gas in a flexible container is decreased to one third of its original pressure and its absolute temperature is decreased by one half. What is the final volume of the gas?
The final volume of the gas is 9L
Volume is the space occupied within the boundaries of an object in three dimensional space
P, V and T is the initial pressure volume and temperature of the ideal gas respectivelyX be the final volume of ideal gasIdeal gas equation establishes a relation between pressures, volumes, and temperatures of different conditions
Using the ideal gas equation
PV = nRT .....1
Ideal gas equation for initial condition will be:
PV = nRT......2
Ideal-Gas Equation for final conditions will be:
(P/3)X = nR(T/2)
On dividing equation 1 and 2
PV = nRT / (P/3)X = nR(T/2)
3V/X = 2
X = 3V/2
Putting the value of V = 6L
X = 3(6L)/2 = 9L
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why should we care if people in other parts of the world pollute their drinking water?
Answer: This may seem unlikely for whereever you're living but say if a drought happened in your country and water is very limited, then we'd have to import water from other countries but if their water is unclean then we also have a problem of no water. Most bottled water sold in stores comes from other countries aswell.
Enzyme A is currently functioning at a temperature of 55 and a pH of 7. According to the information provided in the chart, select all factors that would increase the rate of function of enzyme A?
A
Increase the temperature to 70∘^{\circ}
B
Increase the pH with the addition of a base
C
Decrease the temperature to 40∘C
D
Decrease the pH with the addition of an acid
The factor that will increase the rate of the function of the enzyme A is increasing the temperature to 70°C (option A).
What is an enzyme?Enzymes are biological catalysts meaning that they regulate the rate of biochemical reactions in living cells.
Enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction, which is the required amount of energy needed for a reaction to occur. Enzymes do this by binding to a substrate and holding it in a way that allows the reaction to happen more efficiently.
The factors that affect the rate of function of na enzyme are as follows:
TemperaturepHSubstrate concentrationEnzyme concentrationEach enzyme has an optimum pH range. This means that changing the pH outside of this range will slow enzyme activity, however, raising temperature generally speeds up a reaction, and lowering temperature slows down a reaction.
Therefore, the increase of temperature will increase the rate of function of the enzyme A.
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water molecules slide around each other, making and breaking hydrogen bonds. as energy is added, the molecules move so rapidly that they fly off in all directions. this phase-change process is
Water molecules slide around each other, results in making and breaking of hydrogen bonds. As energy is added, molecules move rapidly that they spread in all directions. This phase-change process is called vaporization.
The temperature of liquid water increases as it is heated up until it reaches 100°C. Water that was in liquid state turns into vapors at this point. This transition of a liquid into a gas is referred to as Vaporization. The water molecules absorb heat energy. As a result, the particles move more quickly as they gain extra energy until they possess sufficient energy to break free of the liquid molecules to vapors. There are two types of vaporization. 1. Boiling that occurs below the surface of a liquid. The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which it begins to boil. Water has a boiling point of 100 °C. 2. Evaporation that take place at the surface of the liquid. Some of the molecules that move faster are able to overcome the forces of attraction of other molecules and escape from the water's surface.
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Indicate the acid-base pairs for each of the following reactions:a) HClO3 + H2O <=> H3O + + ClO3-b) HSeO4 - + NH3 <=> NH4 + + SeO4 2-C) HCO3- + OH - <=> CO3 2- + H2OD) C5H5NH + + H2O <=> C5H5N + H3O+
Acid - base pairs.
Arrhenius theory, says, that acids are substances that dissociate in water to yield electrically charged atoms or molecules, called ions, one of which is a hydrogen ion (H+), and that bases ionize in water to yield hydroxide ions (OH−).
It is now known that the hydrogen ion cannot exist alone in water solution; rather, it exists in a combined state with a water molecule, as the hydronium ion (H3O+). In practice the hydronium ion is still customarily referred to as the hydrogen ion.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a) HClO3 + H2O <=> H3O + + ClO3-
HClO3 is the acid, ClO3- is the base (acid-base pair)
H2O acepts that H+ from the HClO3, and becomes H3O+
H2O is a base, H3O+ is the acid (acid-base pair)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
b) HSeO4 - + NH3 <=> NH4 + + SeO4 2-
Here HSeO4 - can free one H so it would be the acid, and SeO4 2- is the base.
NH3 receives H+ from acid, so it is the base, and NH4+ is the acid.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
c) HCO3- + OH - <=> CO3 2- + H2O
HCO3- gives away one H, so it is the acid, and CO3 2- is the base
(HCO3-,CO3 2-) acid-base pair.
OH- receives the H+ and becomes H2O. OH- is the base and H2O acid.
H2O can be acid and base, remember that. In this case it is the acid.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
d) C5H5NH + + H2O <=> C5H5N- + H3O+
C5H5NH has the H, but on the right it doesn't, so it would be th acid. C5H5N- is the base.
H2O here is a base, because it receives the H+, and becomes H3O+ (the acid).
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If an object that weighs 50 N displaces a volume of water that weighs 10 N,what is the buoyant force on the object?
10 N
Buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid; acting in the upward direction.
Answer:We know that when a body is fully or partially submerged in a fluid,its weight is decreased and that amount of decrease is equals to the weight of the fluid displaced by it.
So,this apparent reduction of weight is due to the buoyancy force acting,which is equals to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body.
So,here the buoyancy force acting on the object is
10
N
Explanation:
The Conduction and Convection Gizmo shows two flasks of colored water, one blue and one yellow. Select Copper and Solid chunk from the dropdown lists. (This means the two flasks are separated by a solid piece of copper, and the two liquids cannot touch each other.)
Use the sliders to make What happens?
The Conduction and Convection Gizmo shows two flasks of colored water, one blue and one yellow. Select Copper and Solid chunk from the dropdown lists his means the two flasks are separated by a solid piece of copper, and the two liquids cannot touch each other then temprature tries to become the even/leveled
Conduction is the process to transfer heat from one substances to another by direct contact and convention means a rise and sink due to temprature and density differences this is called convention and when two flasks are separated by a solid piece of copper, and the two liquids cannot touch each other then to use the sliders to make one flask hotter than other and the temprature tries to become the even/leveled
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What might happen if the strong force didn't exist?
(B) Atomic nuclei would fly apart if strong force did not exist.
The nucleus occupies a small fraction of the atomic volume and contains the number of protons and neutrons characteristic of a particular isotope. Electrostatic repulsion forces normally cause positively charged protons to repel each other, but the nuclei do not fly off due to the strong nuclear force, the very strong but very short-range attraction between nucleons.
All stable nuclei except hydrogen have at least one neutron to overcome the electrostatic repulsion between protons. As the number of protons in the nucleus increases, the number of neutrons required for a stable nucleus increases even faster. If there are too many protons (or too few neutrons) in the nucleus, the forces will be unbalanced and the nucleus will become unstable.
Strong nuclear forces are sometimes simply called strong forces or strong interactions. This force is strong enough to overcome the repulsive force between her two positively charged protons, allowing protons and neutrons to stick together in an unimaginably small space.
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I have four questions:
1- what can you say about the number of protons in these three metals as you look down in the group. (lithium, sodium, and potassium.)
2- what can you say about the mass number of the three metals.(lithium, sodium, and potassium.)
3- what is similar about the structures of an atom of lithium and an atom of sodium?
4- what is similar about the structures of lithium sodium and potassium?
The number of protons in lithium is 3, in sodium is 11 and in potassium is 19 whereas the mass number of lithium is 6.941 u, the mass number of sodium is 22.989769 u and the mass number of potassium is 39.0983 u.
What is the mass number of lithium, sodium, and potassium?Numbers of Protons:
The total number of protons in lithium is 3.
The total number of protons in sodium is 11.
The total number of protons in potassium is 19.
Mass Number:
The mass number of lithium is 6.941 u.
The mass number of sodium is 22.989769 u.
The mass number of potassium is 39.0983 u.
Structure of Lithium and Potassium:
Lithium and potassium have a similarity in them that they all have one electron in their outermost orbit.
Structure of Sodium and Potassium:
Sodium and potassium have a similarity in them that they all have one electron in their outermost orbit.
So we can conclude that the number of protons in lithium is 3, in sodium is 11 and in potassium is 19.
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What Is the ionic equation for 4HCl (aq) + MnO₂ (s) -> MnCl₂ (aq) + 2H₂O (l) + Cl₂ (g)?
Answer:
Explanation:
answer is below
Write the ionic equation
Ba(NO3)₂ (aq) + Na₂S04 (aq).
Determine the valence of elements in substances: SiH4 CrO3 H2S CO SO3 SO2 Fe2O3 FeO HCI HBr Cl2O5 Cl2O7 PH3 K2O Al2O3 P2O5 NO2 N2O5 Cr2O3 SiO2 B2O3 SiH4 Mn2O7 MnO CuO N2O3
Answer:
see the explanation
Explanation:
1. IV
2. VI
3. II
4. IV
5. II
6. VI
7. IV
8. III
9. II
10. I
11. I
12. V
13. VII
14. III
15. I
16. III
17. V
18. IV
19. V
20. III
21. IV
22. III
23. IV
24. VII
25. II
26. II
27. III
An important formula from chemistry is PV = nRT. Solve the formula for R.
The value of R from the ideal gas equation is 0.082 atm.L/K/mol.
What is the ideal gas equation?The ideal gas equation is the equation that shows the relationship between pressure, and volume. moles of a gas and the temperature of a gas under ideal conditions.
The ideal gas equation is given below as follows:
PV = nRT
At standard temperature and pressure, the values of the variables are given below;
Pressure, P = 1 atm
Volume, V = 22.4 Liters
Number of moles, n = 1 mole
Temperature, T = 273.15 K
R = PV/nT
R = 1 * 22.4 / (273.15 * 1)
R = 0.082 atm.L/K/mol
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2NaOH + CO₂ = Na₂CO3 + H₂O
Is this equation balanced?
Balanced chemical equation :
A balanced equation is a chemical reaction equation in which the total charge and the number of atoms for each element in the reaction are the same for both the reactants and the products.
Given Equation :
[tex]2NaOH_{}[/tex] + [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] = [tex]Na_{2}CO_{3}[/tex] + [tex]H_{2}O[/tex]
Here, we have 2 sodium (Na) atoms, 4 Oxygen (O) atoms, 2 Hydrogen (H) atoms and 1 Carbon (C) atom on the left hand side of the equation (reactants).
Also we have 2 sodium (Na) atoms, 4 Oxygen (O) atoms, 2 Hydrogen (H) atoms and 1 Carbon (C) atom on the right hand side of the equation (products).
Hence , the given equation, [tex]2NaOH_{}[/tex] + [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] = [tex]Na_{2}CO_{3}[/tex] + [tex]H_{2}O[/tex] is a balanced chemical equation.
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Please read the following direction I need it ASAP!!!
HIghschool Earth & Physical Science (9th Grade)
The correct answer about Liquids A and B is:
Liquid B has a lower boiling point because more water evaporated, therefore the interactions between the particles in Liquid B are weaker than the interactions in Liquid A; option D
What is the boiling point of a liquid?The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the molecules of the liquid change phase from liquid to gas.
At the boiling point of a liquid, the molecules of the liquid acquire enough energy to break free of the intermolecular forces between the molecules.
The lower the boiling point of a liquid, the lesser the strength of the intermolecular forces between the molecules,
Hence liquids with lower boiling points evaporate faster.
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an open flask sitting in a lab refrigerator looks empty, but it is actually filled with a mixture of gases called air. if the flask volume is 4.50 l, and the air is at standard temperature and pressure, how many gaseous molecules does the flask contain?
At standard temperature and pressure, the number of gaseous molecules that the flask contains is equal to 1.2098 × 10^23.
According to the given data, the volume of the flask is equal to 4.50 L.
As the volume occupied by one mole of any gas at standard temperature and pressure is 22.4 liters, therefore the number of moles in the flask can be calculated as follows;
n = 4.5 ÷ 22.4
n = 0.2009
As one mole is equal to 6.02 × 10^23 units
The number of gaseous molecules in the flask can be calculated as follows;
0.2009 × ( 6.02 × 10^23 ) = 1.2098 × 10^23
Hence, the number of gaseous molecules in the flask is calculated to be 1.2098 × 10^23.
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What could happen if the global temperature rises just a few degrees?
Answer:
most things would melt
Explanation:
such as glaciers and ice caps in the arctic and Antarctic, causing many floods etc.
ur welcome
4.00 g of solid sodium hydroxide is added to water to make a solution with a concentration of
0.200 mol/ dm3
What is the volume of water used?
The volume of water used is 500cm^3.
The volume of water used.
NaOH concentration in mol/dm^3=NaOH concentration in g/dm^3/molar mass of NaOH.
M of NaOH=23+16+1=40
M=40 g/mol
0.2mol= concentration of NaOH in g/dm^3/40g/mol
=0.2mol/dm^3*40g/mol
=8g/dm^3
we know that,
1dm^3=1000cm^3
4.00g of NaOH will be dissolved in 4g*1000cm^3/8g
=500cm^3 of water
So, the volume of water used is 500cm^3.
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Answer:
20cm³
Explanation:
Volume = Molarity*number of moles
number of moles = Mass given/Molar mass
number of moles= 4.00g/40.0g
number of moles= 0.1mols
thus:
Volume= 0.200mol/dm³*0.1mol
Volume= 0.02dm³(20cm³)
when making soap, if 890 g of a specific fat react completely with 120 g of sodium hydroxide, the product formed are soap and 92 g of glycerin. calculate the mass of soap formed to satisfy the law of conservation of mass.
The mass of soap formed to satisfy the law of conservation of mass is 918g.
What is law of conservation of mass?According to the rule of conservation of mass, in a chemical process, mass neither creates nor destroys itself. When coal is burned, for instance, the carbon atom in it transforms into carbon dioxide. Although the carbon atom's shape changes from solid to gas, its mass remains constant.
The mass of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction must equal each other according to the law of conservation of mass.
Fat + sodium hydroxide = soap + glycerin
890+ 120 = soap + 92
1010 = soap + 92
soap = 1010 - 92
soap = 918g.
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How can photochemical smog impact the environment? PLS HURRY ASAP
It can increase the number of insects in the area.
It can reduce the amount of plastic in the ocean.
It can increase tree and plant growth in a city.
It can decrease the crop yield in a region
Photochemical smog effects largely the growth of plants by interfering in nitrogen cycle and by causing atmospheric pollution.Thus option D is correct.
What is photochemical smog?Photochemical smog is a brown haze in the atmosphere formed by the burning of fuels and from naturally released pollutants when exposed to UV radiation undergo a series of hydrocarbon reactions to produce photochemical smog.
The main composition of photochemical smog is oxides of nitrogen and it further undergo further reaction with hydrocarbons entered into he atmosphere by burning fuels produce secondary pollutants.
These secondary pollutants again creates air pollution and serious other issues such as reduction in plant growth because they interfere the atmospheric nitrogen cycle which is essential for crop yield.
Hence, photochemical smog can decrease the crop yield in a region and option D is correct.
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