Answer: The Bible?
Explanation: In 313 AD, the Emperor Constantine issued the Edict of Milan, which accepted Christianity: 10 years later, it had become the official religion of the Roman Empire. And back then, it was Roman Territory.
What kind of political change did the civil rights movement of the 1960s bring about?
Answer:
The efforts of civil rights activists and countless protesters of all races brought about legislation to end segregation, Black voter suppression and discriminatory employment and housing practices.
Explanation:
Answer:
Legislation to prohibit racial discrimination in employment and housing was made possible by the work of civil rights activists and numerous demonstrators of all races.
Explanation:
What is the highest ranked position in the Senate?
The majority leader, who represents their party's interests in the Senate as a whole, is regarded as the most powerful senator in the US.
Two U.S. senators who are also members of a party leader of the Senate's majority and minority chambers respectively hold the posts of majority and minority leaders. They act as the principal spokespersons for the majority and minority political parties in the United States Senate, respectively. They are each chosen by the senators in their respective party caucuses, the Senate Democratic Caucus as well as the Senate Republican Conference, to serve as majority and minority leaders.
If the opposition party holds control of the House of Representatives and subsequently the speaker of the House, they also act as the party's top representative in the full Congress. The majority leader is also in charge of organising and scheduling the legislative and executive activities of the Senate.
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The highest ranked position in the Senate is the President pro tempore (or "President for a time" in Latin), which is a temporary position that is held by the most senior member of the majority party in the Senate. The Vice President presides over the senate, but President pro tempore is the highest ranking senator.
The President pro tempore (often shortened to President pro tem) is a title given to a member of the legislative body who presides over the Senate in the absence of the Vice President. In the United States Senate, the President pro tempore is typically the most senior member of the majority party, and is appointed by the Vice President or the President of the Senate. The President pro tempore has the authority to conduct Senate proceedings, make and rule on points of order, and sign legislation into law.
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What are the historical aspects of the 2nd Amendment that make it confusing for modern interpretations?
Answer:
The Second Amendment to the United States Constitution, which protects the right to keep and bear arms, is one of the most controversial amendments in the Bill of Rights. It is often the subject of intense debate and has been the source of much confusion and disagreement over the years.
One of the main reasons that the Second Amendment is confusing is that it was written in a very different time and context than the one in which we live today. The amendment was adopted on December 15, 1791, along with nine other amendments comprising the Bill of Rights. At the time, the country was in the process of establishing itself as an independent nation and was concerned about protecting its citizens from potential threats, both foreign and domestic.
The Second Amendment was originally intended to provide for the formation of a "well-regulated militia," which was seen as necessary for the defense of the country. The amendment states: "A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed."
However, the meaning and intent of this language has been the subject of much debate and interpretation over the years. Some people believe that the amendment was intended to protect the right of individuals to own and carry firearms for personal protection and recreation, while others believe that it was intended to protect the right of states to maintain a militia for the defense of the country.
As a result, the Second Amendment has been interpreted and applied in a number of different ways, leading to confusion and disagreement about its meaning and significance in modern times.
• Put the years in the correct chronological order. Start with the furthest
back in history to the most recent year.
2022 BC
90 CE
750 AD
905 CE
104 BC
1178 AD
1371 BCE
5700 BCE
416 AD
385 CE
Answer:
5700 BCE
1371 BCE
104 BC
2022 BC
750 AD
905 CE
385 CE
416 AD
1178 AD
90 CE
Explanation:
The years are listed in terms of their distance from the present day.
The years BCE (Before Common Era) are before the year 1 and the years CE (Common Era) are after the year 1.
The year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE.
The given years are listed in increasing order, starting with the furthest back in history and ending with the most recent year.
I hope this helps! If you have any questions, please let me know.
In a few sentences, describe the history of the United States of America. (Why we
are the way we are)
The history of the United States of America states that In 1776, in Philadelphia, the Second Continental Congress declared the independence of the colonies as the "United States".
What is history?
History is the study of change over time that encompasses all elements of human civilization. History includes political, social, economic, scientific, technical, medical, cultural, intellectual, religious, and military advancements.
The Second Continental Congress proclaimed the colonies' independence as the "United States" in Philadelphia in 1776. It won the Revolutionary War under the leadership of General George Washington. The new sovereign state's borders were defined by the peace treaty of 1783.
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What was the banking reform of the New Deal?
The banking reform of the New Deal was the interventionist policy initiated by Franklin D. Roosevelt against the effects of the Great Depression in the United States.
What was the New Deal?President Franklin D. Roosevelt launched between 1933 and 1938 a program that included:
Economic support to the poor population.Reform of financial marketsResizing of the US economyBanking reformTwo New Deals were produced, one in 1933 and one in 1935.
First New DealIt was produced during Roosevelt's first Hundred Days. Important investments were made and access to financial resources was allowed through various government agencies.
It was aimed at obtaining short-term improvements. Its results were moderate and consisted mainly of:
Banking reform lawswelfare programsJob Assistance ProgramsAgricultural support programs.Second New DealIt meant a new and broader distribution of resources and power.
The second New Deal was much more expensive than the first New Deal and increased the public deficit. This new program included:
New union protection lawsA new Social Security LawAid programs for farmers and informal workers.National Recovery Administration and Public Works Administration programs createdLearn more about the New Deal at https://brainly.com/question/815650
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Why were Europeans eager to trade with Africa and Asia during the age of exploration ? explain!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! i will mark you brainliest!
Why did African Americans move from the South to these states between 1910 and 1930?
The housing was free.
There were fewer taxes.
There were more jobs.
The climate was better.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
there were more jobs
Which statement best describes why the South supported the spread of slavery while the North and West did not?
A. The North and West believed that the spread of slavery would be an economic disadvantage to them, while the South saw the spread of slavery as an economic boom.
B. The North had never accepted slavery as the South had to gain wealth, and northerners were the majority of people moving west, taking with them their ideas on slavery.
C. The North had seldom agreed with the South on any issue since the formation of the nation and did not want to support any cause being advanced by the South.
D. The North and West understood that a lifestyle based on enslaving others was difficult to maintain, while the South did not have such feelings.
Answer:
A. The North and West believed that the spread of slavery would be an economic disadvantage to them, while the South saw the spread of slavery as an economic boom.
Explanation:
The issue of slavery was a major cause of tension and conflict between the North and South in the United States in the 19th century. The North and West generally opposed the spread of slavery, while the South supported it. One of the main reasons for this difference was economic. The North and West saw the spread of slavery as an economic disadvantage, as they believed it would lead to competition with cheap labor and would discourage the development of industries that relied on free labor. In contrast, the South saw the spread of slavery as an economic boom, as it provided them with a large, cheap labor force that was essential to the region's agricultural economy.
4. Which scientist listed below is not one of those that advanced the study of mathematics?
O Euclid
© Herodotus
OPythagoras
O Archimedes
Herodotus is not one of the scientists, who advanced the study of mathematics.
Who created history?
Although Herodotus was much more than just the Father of History, he is known as such. And is also the first travel writer ever, he was also the world's first geographer, anthropologist, explorer, moralist, tireless investigative journalist, and enlightened multiculturalist before the term even existed.
The historical accounts that Herodotus wrote are his most famous works. He is regarded as possibly the first historian to ever exist. He makes it clear in his introduction that he wishes to keep the events as they happened so that the Greeks and the barbarians can be given credit where credit is due.
Therefore, Herodotus is advanced in the study of history.
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What was a major similarity between the social reform movement and the Romantic movement in the 18th and 19th centuries?
The major similarity between the social reform movement and the Romantic movement in the 18th and 19th centuries is Both developed as responses to problems created by industrialization.
The Romantic Movement and social reform both emerged as solutions to the issues brought on by industrialization. Societal reformers seek progressive change by finding answers to the social issues brought on by the industrial revolution. Similar to the Romantic Movement, which used literature, art, and craft to address the problem of industrialisation.
The social reform movement and the Romantic movement both emerged in the 18th and 19th centuries as solutions to issues brought on by industrialization.
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What was the most explosive issue facing the United States prior to the start of the Civil
War
Answer: Slavery's western expansion created problems for the United States from the very start. Battles emerged over the westward expansion of slavery and over the role of the federal government in protecting the interests of enslavers.
The introduction of slavery to the West immediately posed problems for the United States. Both the expansion of slavery into the West and the involvement of the federal government raised controversial concerns.
How did slavery spread throughout the West?Early slavery was established in the western Atlantic area as a result of the Spanish conquistadors' method of compelling indigenous work in mines or on farms. However, diseases introduced by European settlers destroyed the native population, wiping off the vast majority (if not all) of the natives in a region, prompting European colonists to hunt for more employees.
What caused the brutality?In the 1500s, European immigrants brought slavery to the western hemisphere. When white settlers were unable to get economical labor from other countries, they increasingly depended on imported slaves from Africa.
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What were the main points of President Wilson's asking Congress to declare war on Germany and Austria Hungary?
Wilson highlighted Mexico's attempts to form an alliance against the United States as well as Germany's breach of its agreement to halt unrestricted submarine warfare for starting a war.
What were President Wilson's 14 points?1. Transparent diplomacy without covert agreements
2. Seaborne economic free commerce in times of peace and war
3. Fair-trade requirements
4. Reduce global military spending
5. Modify colonial claims.
6. All Central Powers must leave Russia and give it the freedom to decide its own level of independence
7. Belgium must leave and be restored
8. The area of Alsace-Lorraine and other French territories must be returned
9. Adjust the borders of Italy
10. The chance for Austria-Hungary to exercise its right to self-determination
11. Redraw the Balkan region's borders to include Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro
12. Establishment of a Turkish state in the Dardanelles with assured free commerce
13. Establishment of a Polish state of independence
14. The League of Nations was founded
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Refer to the map of Eurasia on page 626 in your text to answer this question.
Which modern country was part of the Persian Empire?
Egypt is the modern country that was part of the Persian Empire according to the Eurasia map. The Option C is correct.
What should we know about Eurasia?The Earth is divided into regions called continents. Some continents, such as Africa, Antarctica, and Australia, have distinct demarcations and boundaries. Some continents, such as South America and North America, as well as Asia and Europe, are frequently called into question, owing to their geography and geopolitical history.
Eurasia is a large continental area that includes Europe and Asia. Except for the Arabian and Indian subcontinents and some areas near the Chersky Range, the Eurasia continent is almost entirely on the Eurasian plate.
Missing options a) Afghanistan, b) Turkey, c). Egypt d) Syria.
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What did education emphasize during the Soviet era?
The education during the soviet era was very good with emphasis on math, science, and engineering. The education was free but manditory. This produced generations of technology focused government officials. they also made up the soviet intelligentsia. After the fall of the soviet union, the schools began to teach language, history, and literature. The country's unstable economy has limited school budgets.
History of education in the Soviet UnionBefore the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917, more than three-quarters of Russia's population could neither read nor write. Most of these non-literates came from the peasantry and some of the workers because schools were indeed not provided for this group before the people's revolution took place. This situation changed suddenly and as a result, school became easy for everyone.
Soviet youth showed a keen interest in learning. As one of them said: “We all know that we can do nothing without knowledge.”
Knowledge opens the way to a wide variety of jobs in the arts, sciences, and young people's coveted professions.
After the revolution, Lenin told the youths, “It is not enough to understand what electricity is; what is more necessary is to understand how to apply that electricity to industry and agriculture.”
Since then, Soviet leaders have always emphasized that what is learned must have practical value for society and this has become a guideline in developing a new education system so that all schools in the Soviet Union are run by the government.
Toddlers and even babies, whose mothers work, are often placed in child care homes. For even older children there is a kindergarten.
Compulsory schooling begins at age 7 in first grade and is expected to continue in school until age 17. However, many young people, especially in the villages, drop out of school before the age of 17.
Lessons at school emphasized math and science, Russian, literature, and history. In fifth grade, students begin learning a foreign language, usually English or French. Children in non-Russian republics also learn their native language and culture. Both men and women receive polytechnic or "trade" training.
The school paid a lot of attention to vospitanie (to grow), which meant developing the spirit of communism into one's attitudes and behavior.
In this regard, teachers are assisted by two Communist Party-sponsored organizations that are active in schools—the Pioneers, for children aged 9-14, and the Komsomol (Communist Youth League) for children in their late teens and early 20s. an.
A student who has completed his 8th level can continue on to general secondary school for 2 years; pass on to a special vocational school, where he can earn a high school diploma; or looking for work and school in the afternoon.
Many young people want to continue their studies at universities or other higher education institutions, but there is only one seat available for every 5 new high school graduates. In practice, students from cities will have a much better chance of being accepted than students from villages, where the quality of their studies is much lower.
The Soviet people were proud of the fact that higher education in their country was free of charge and that students even received a stipend for books and daily necessities.
Perhaps the most important thing about education in the Soviet Union is that the country has been trying to rapidly raise the educational level of the entire population and this has indeed been proven.
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Why did the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act backfire?
The Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act increased import costs to the point where all except the wealthiest could no longer afford them and drastically reduced exports, both of which contributed to bank failures, particularly in agricultural areas.
Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act, also known as the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act or United States Tariff Act of 1930, was a piece of U.S. legislation that increased import taxes on June 17, 1930, in an effort to protect American businesses and farmers. This had a significant impact on the global economy during the Great Depression. The already high tariff rates in the US were increased by the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act. The Fordney-McCumber Act, one of the most harsh protectionist tariffs enacted by Congress in the nation's history, increased the average import tax to around 40% in 1922.
Punitive tariffs increased costs to the point that exports from some nations were prohibited from entering the American market. This resulted in retaliatory tariffs, which increased the cost of imports for everyone and caused bank collapses in the nations that implemented such levies. Within two years of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act's passage, almost two dozen nations adopted high tariffs that resulted in a 65 percent decline in global trade between 1929 and 1934.
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1. Where did hope flourish the most at the turn of the century?
1
I
2. What place held the promise of a better future for immigrants?
America was the only nation with freedom and a sense of hope at the start of the century. In every significant industrial and agricultural possibility, they were in the lead. The United States was a place of opportunity.
For immigrants, Americans stood for freedom, opportunity, and hope. The quantity of goods drew immigrants as well.
Who are Immigrants?
An immigrant is, to put it simply, a person who was born outside of the country they currently call home. That person will always be an international migrant, regardless of whether they have acquired citizenship in the country of destination, served in its military, married a native, or have another status.
U.S. citizens, permanent or conditional residents, non-immigrants, and illegal immigrants are the four primary categories of immigration status.
A person is a citizen of the United States if they were born there, have American citizens for parents, or if they applied for citizenship and were granted naturalization. Anyone who resides in the country but is not a citizen is considered an immigrant. Some immigrants possess papers like work visas or green cards or work visas, or other kinds of visas.
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What is the basic premise of "Love and Responsibility"?
The basic premise of "Love and Responsibility" is sacrifice.
The basic premise of loveThe basic premise for love and responsibility is sacrifice. Love and responsibility comes together this is because love makes an individual responsible for the partner or whoever the love is express towards.
Sacrifice for each other mostly explain the depth of the love and the extent to which the individual is responsible.
Therefore, responsibility is for a person that is closest and it comes with utmost sacrifice.
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which of the following was true about the compromise of 1850? a. it prohibited slavery in the new mexico territory. b. it temporarily restored sectional peace. c. it failed to pass congress despite revisions. d. it temporarily made california a slave state.
The compromise of 1850 - prohibited slavery in the New Mexico territory.
The correct option is a.
The Compromise of 1850, which mostly dealt with the status of recently gained territory during the Mexican-American War, served as a temporary ceasefire on the subject of slavery.
California was admitted to the Union as a free state under the terms of the Compromise, the slave trade was outlawed in Washington, D.C., a strict new Fugitive Slave Act required citizens of free states to aid in the capture of fugitive slaves, and the new territories of Utah and New Mexico would allow white residents to choose whether to allow slavery.
The heated rhetoric that surrounded the Compromise instead served to further polarise the North and the South, rather than resolving the issue of slavery's growth.
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The Parthenon was originally built as a
pagan temple dedicated to Athena
Christian church named after St. Parthenon
a library and treasury
both a law court and place to cast a vote
The Parthenon was originally built as a pagan temple dedicated to Athena. (Option A)
The Parthenon is a marble temple which was built between 447 and 432 B.C. during the period of ancient Greek Empire. It was dedicated to the Greek goddess Athena - the goddess of wisdom, war, arts, and literature and is located high atop a compound of temples known as the Acropolis of Athens. Its decorative sculptures are considered as high points of Greek art and a symbol of Ancient Greece, democracy, and Western civilization. The Parthenon was constructed in thanksgiving for the Hellenic victory over Persian invaders during the Greco-Persian Wars.
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Which part of the Declaration of Independence would a supporter of the Enlightenment most likely agree with?
Select the best answer from the choices provided.
A.
Loyalty to a man's country is most important
B.
Every man is entitled to basic human rights.
C.
Every attempt beace should be made.
D.
Every leader should have common sense.
Every man is entitled to basic human rights which part of the Declaration of Independence would a supporter of the Enlightenment most likely agree with. The correct option is B.
Which idea in the Declaration of Independence came from the Enlightenment?A movement known as the Enlightenment focused on the function of government as well as individual liberties, rights, and reason. Natural rights are ones that are guaranteed by natural law, according to John Locke. The Declaration of Independence lists three natural rights—life, liberty, and property—among others.
Enlightenment thought is the foundation of the idea that "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" are inalienable human rights. This section of the Declaration of Independence has strong literary roots in Locke. We are said to be endowed with these rights at birth.
Thus, the ideal selection is option B.
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how did the constituition set up the legislative branch
Answer:
It Established by Article I of the Constitution
Explanation:
The Legislative Branch consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate, which together form the United States Congress.
How is the legislative branch set up and why?
The legislative branch is made up of the House and Senate, known collectively as the Congress Among other powers, the legislative branch makes all laws, declares war, regulates interstate and foreign commerce and controls taxing and spending policies.
what well-known american patriot was the lawyer for the british soldiers on trial for the 1770 boston massacre?
The future President represents the defense of the 8 British soldiers accused of murdering Boston, one disturbance in Massachusetts on March 5, 1770, while he was still young in the law profession.
John Adams, a well-known attorney in Boston who would later become the second president of the U.S., was requested to take the British on the unpleasant task of defending Capt. Boston Lancaster and the eight British soldiers. John Adams was 35 years old, and his 1770 notes are here on the Boston Massacre trials. The Boston demonstrators, called Patriots, denounced the President’s decision to seize their country by the British soldiers dispatched to Harvard in 1768 to enact the unpopular taxation laws without American participation in the British parliament.
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The growth of the domestic system marked
A. a movement away from the factory system.
B. a shift toward a new form of production.
C. an increase in the barter economy.
D. a return to traditional forms of production
Answer:
B
Explanation:
What is the social contract theory summary?
The social contract theory contends that in order for members of a society to cohabit, they must all uphold a set of moral and political values.
What is the social contract theory?According to the social contract hypothesis, everyone in a society must abide by a set of moral and political principles before they may coexist.
Some people think that if we follow the social compact, we can live morally out of our own free will rather than because a higher power commands us to.
To maintain the longevity of the system in issue and to safeguard the persons who are a part of it, the social contract's goal is to serve the greater or common good.
As a result, moral behavior is typically governed by the social contract.
Therefore, the social contract theory contends that in order for members of a society to cohabit, they must all uphold a set of moral and political values.
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What were a common diversion for urban dwellers, spreading to most areas of the country by the early nineteenth century
By the early nineteenth century, industrial development, population growth, and the explosive increase of jobs in cities had become the most popular pastimes for urban residents.
Early in the nineteenth century, the rate of industrial growth was very rapid, and for economic reasons, a large number of rural residents moved to metropolitan areas. Due to this, urban problems including squalor, traffic congestion, pollution, and poor sanitation quickly got worse.
This led to the development of slums, an uptick in crime, and a rise in poverty. Due to this enormous disparity, the socioeconomic landscape miraculously changed, and the Western world rose to prominence.
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Who left the objects pictured in the top layer?
Who do you think left the wagon wheel pictured in
the next layer?
Artifacts left the objects pictured in the top layer. A set of wooden cogwheels left the wagon wheel pictured in the next layer.
What do you mean by Objects?Any physical, observable thing that is reasonably stable in form is an object.
A roadometer is a set of wooden cogwheels that attach to a wagon's wheel hub and track each mile the vehicle travels. Conestoga Wagon has a bumpy, bone-jarring, teeth-rattling ride.
A spoked wheel looks to rotate differently than it actually does in the wagon-wheel effect, also known as the stagecoach-wheel effect or stroboscopic effect. The wheel may appear to rotate slower than it actually does, remain still, or spin in the opposite direction of how it actually does. The reverse rotation effect is another name for this final variation of the effect.
Therefore, The items shown in the top stratum were left behind by artifacts. The wagon wheel seen in the subsequent stratum was left by a set of wooden cogwheels.
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There are two famous photographers who focused on Indians as the subject of their
photography. How were their photos different?
The famous photographers who focused on Indians as the subject of their photography was Edward S. Curtis, whose photos were different from others depicting the portraits of Native Americans.
What is photography?Photography is the art, application, and practice of making long-lasting images by capturing light, either electronically with an image sensor or chemically using a light-sensitive substance like photographic film.
At the turn of the twentieth century, Edward S. Curtis believed he was in a frantic race against time to chronicle the North American Indian through film, sound, and study before white encroachment and the federal government demolished what remained of their inhabitants' way of life.
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1. Hernan Cortez--Research how and why Cortez was so successful at conquering the Aztecs. Your final product should be in the form of a newspaper article. You can make it be an article written from an Aztec viewpoint or from a Spaniard's viewpoint. Remember to include the 5 W's...what, where, when, why, who.
2. Research "tribute". Write 3 to 5 sentence about what it was and why it was important.
3. Research the different ways the Plains Indians used the buffalo. In a column chart form, list the parts of the buffalo and how they used it.
Make it interesting and include pictures if you want to make it really good.
Hernan Cortez was a Spanish conquistador who is best known for his role in the conquest of the Aztec Empire in present-day Mexico. In 1519, Cortez landed on the coast of Mexico with a small army of around 600 men and set out to conquer the Aztecs. He was successful in this endeavor due to a number of factors.
One key factor was his ability to form alliances with local tribes who were hostile to the Aztecs, such as the Tlaxcaltecas. He also had superior military technology, including guns and horses.
Furthermore, the Aztec Empire was in a state of political and social turmoil at the time, which made it more vulnerable to conquest. In 1521, Cortez and his army successfully captured the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan, bringing an end to the Aztec Empire.
What are the others about?2. Tribute was a form of taxation imposed by powerful empires on the peoples they conquered. It was often in the form of goods or resources, such as gold, food, or labor. Tribute was an important tool for empires to maintain control over their conquered territories and extract wealth from them. It also helped to create a hierarchical relationship between the conquerors and the conquered, with the latter being seen as inferior and subject to the will of the former.
3. The Plains Indians were a group of native peoples who lived on the Great Plains of North America. They relied heavily on the buffalo for their survival, and used nearly every part of the animal. They used the hides for clothing, shelter, and trade. The meat was used for food, and the bones were used for tools and weapons. The tendons were used for bowstrings and the sinews were used for thread.
Additionally, the buffalo dung was used for fuel for fires. The hooves were used to make glue, the liver was eaten and the brains were used to tan hides. Overall, the buffalo were an important resource for the Plains Indians and played a key role in their culture and way of life.
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TEXT ANSWER
Question 9
What are two ways rulers in Africa, Japan, or Europe exerted control
over their populations between 1400 and 1900 (the period you have
been studying in this unit)? For each way, specify the ruler or ruling
family and the empire or country they ruled.
One way rulers in Africa, Japan, and Europe exerted control over their populations between 1400 and 1900 was by establishing and maintaining a strong military presence.
What is population?Population is the number of people, animals, or other living organisms in a given area. Population is an important factor in understanding the development of a given area, and it can be used to measure the size and health of a population. Population growth is a key indicator of economic and social progress, and population density is an important factor in determining the quality of life in a given area. Population size and composition can be used to predict trends and analyze the effects of different policies. Population can also be used to measure the effectiveness of public health efforts, such as disease prevention and treatment.
For example, in Africa, the Asante Empire of what is now Ghana was led by the Ashanti people, who maintained a formidable military that kept control over the region from the mid-1600s to the late 1800s. In Japan, the Tokugawa shogunate was in power from the late 1600s to the mid-1800s, and used its military forces to maintain control over the country. In Europe, the Habsburg dynasty of Austria was in power from the 1400s to the late 1800s and maintained a strong military presence that allowed them to hold their territories and expand their influence.
Another way rulers in Africa, Japan, and Europe exerted control over their populations between 1400 and 1900 was by imposing a strict social hierarchy. For example, in Africa, the Zulu Nation in what is now South Africa was ruled by Shaka Zulu in the early 1800s and he established a rigid social hierarchy that reinforced the power of the ruling class. In Japan, the Tokugawa shogunate of the Edo period (1603-1868) imposed a strict social structure that divided.
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