Most malignancies include somatic TP53 mutations, which range in prevalence from 38%–50% in some cancers (such as ovarian, colorectal, head and neck, throat, and lung) to roughly 5% in others (such as primary leukaemia, sarcoma, testicular cancer, malignant melanoma, and cervical cancer).
What illness exhibits p53 mutations most frequently?The p53 tumour suppressor gene (TP53) is altered in human tumours more frequently than any other gene. Importantly, it is commonly mutated in common human cancers like glioblastomas, as well as less frequently in other serious human cancers including breast and colorectal cancers.
P53 is often altered in solid tumours; in fact, somatic p53 (TP53) gene alterations have been found in more than 50% of all human cancers. Several intracellular processes involved in cell survival, DNA repair, apoptosis, and senescence can be controlled by the transcription factor P53.
P53 inhibition boosts proliferation in healthy cells but slows it down in malignant cells.
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Suppose a double-stranded molecule similar to dna replicates itself, such that one molecule contains two old strands and the other molecule contains two new strands. Such replication would be an instance of _______ replication.
Such replication would be an instance of conservative replication.
The correct option is B.
What is the term for DNA replication?Additionally, in vitro DNA replication (DNA amplification) is possible (artificially, outside a cell). Starting DNA synthesis at recognized sequences in a template DNA molecule is possible using artificial DNA primers and cell-isolated DNA polymerases.
What is the importance of DNA replication?Before dividing, cells must copy their DNA. This promotes successful inheritance of genetic features by giving each daughter cell a copy of the genome. The fundamental mechanism of DNA replication is similar across all organisms, making it a crucial operation.
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The complete question is -
Suppose a double-stranded molecule similar to DNA replicates itself, such that one molecule contains two old strands and the other molecule contains two new strands. Such replication would be an instance of _______ replication.
a. semiconservative
b. conservative
c. dispersive
d. exact
e. complementary
one consequence of widespread use of -spectrum antibiotics is the development of resistance in microbes that are part of the normal biota. multiple choice question. narrow; pathogenic
The consequence of widespread use of antibiotics in the development of resistance in microbes that are part of the normal biota is pathogenic.
The correct answer choice is option b.
Why pathogens occur in the use of antibioticsWhen a resistance of antibiotics spectrum is mis-administered, or given in its overdose, number of pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics will increase; thereby making infections or diseases caused by bacteria be incurable. In order words, it makes it very difficult to treat the health condition when this happens.
Antibiotics are drugs, medicines or injections used in the treatment of bacteria infections. There are countless number of health conditions which are as a result of bacteria that are pathogenic.
So therefore, it can be deduced from the explanation given in the task above about the consequence of widespread use of spectrum antibiotics that it makes treatable illness become difficult to treat.
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fibers from the olfactory bulb go directly to the amygdala, which sends smell information to the hypothalamus, thalamus, and frontal cortex. the neural connections from the amydala to the may explain why smells can instantly evoke an emotional memory. multiple choice question
Fibers from the olfactory bulb go directly to the amygdala, which sends smell information to the hypothalamus, thalamus, and frontal cortex. the neural connections from the amygdala to the hippocampus may explain why smells can instantly evoke emotional memory.
The olfactory bulb provides olfactory information to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), the hippocampus, and the amygdala for further processing, where it is involved in emotion, memory, and learning. The olfactory bulb, or smell center of the brain, receives scents directly without passing via the thalamus. The amygdala and hippocampus are closely related to the olfactory bulb, which may help to explain how quickly a specific memory or even a strong emotion may be evoked by smelling something.
Located in the central part of the temporal lobe, the hippocampus and amygdala are two brain regions that occasionally communicate with one another. Just anterior to (in front of) the hippocampus in the medial temporal lobe is where the amygdala is situated. The amygdala is a paired structure that is found in each hemisphere of the brain, much like the hippocampus.
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One of the difficulties of Earth science is that
Answer: A
Explanation:
In a neuron, the long process extending from the neurosoma that carries output signals to other cells is the?.
The long process extending from the neurosoma that carries output signals to other cells is the axon of a neuron.
A neuron is in charge of processing and relaying the electrical signals involved in absorbing sensory input, providing motor instructions to our muscles, and controlling movement.
Axons, which are extremely thin nerve fibers, are responsible for transporting nerve impulses or output signals from one neuron (nerve cell) to another neuron. One axon connects each neuron to other neurons, muscle cells, or glandular cells. Axons are found at the specialized location on a neuron called the axon hillock.
Therefore, the long process extending from the neurosoma of neurons is the axon.
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PLS HELP DUE NOW!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
According to the description and the principle or law of superposition, we can expect that trilobites are found in layer E, corals in layer D, amphibians in layer C, dinosaurs in layer B and birds in layer A.
What is the principle or law of superposition?The principle or law of superposition is a widely accepted law in geology and paleontology that states the youngest fossils and rocks are found in the upper layers of a stratum, while the older fossils or rocks are located at the bottom.
In this case, we can suppose the order of the fossils because we have info about the evolution of each taxonomic group.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that according to the principle or law of superposition birds are located in the upper while trilobites are expected to be found at the bottom.
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I need to sleep please hurry I need the right answers fast!!!
Tissue :
Tissues are groups of similar cells from the same origin that work together to perform a specific function. Epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue are the four basic tissue types defined by their morphology and function. Muscle tissue is composed of cells that can contract and allow animals to move.
Tissue ------------> Cardiac Muscle
Organ System :
An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function. In the human body, there are eleven distinct organ systems, each with its own set of functions. The blood circulatory system is a group of organs that include the heart, blood vessels, and blood that circulates throughout a human's or other vertebrate's entire body.
Organ System ------------> Circulatory System
Organ :
An organ is a structure composed of various tissues that carry out specific bodily functions. Organs can be solid or hollow, and their size and complexity vary greatly. Organs include things like the heart, lungs, and brain.
Organ ------------> Heart
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the presence of a full bladder triggers the bladder to contract. as a little urine is released, this causes more contractions, which will completely empty the bladder. this is an example of
The event where the presence of a full bladder triggers the bladder to contract, as a little urine is released, this causes more contractions, which will completely empty the bladder, is an example of Positive feedback.
In the field of biology, positive feedback can be described as a condition in which a product that is produced through a series of events causes more of the reaction to take place. A positive feedback can be described as a kind of feedback that causes the occurrence of a positive action or action that is helpful for the body.
In the case above, the release of little urine acts as a trigger to continue the events to form more urine. Hence, this action is an example of positive feedback.
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which of the following processes contribute to the proton motive force during aerobic respiration? choose one or more: a.carbon fixation b.glycolysis c.electron transport system d.atp synthesis e.tca cycle f.fermentation
Answer:
B, C, and E are correct.
are examples of naturally occurring biological hazards. a. ddt and dde b. viruses and salmonella c. crude oil seeps and radon gas d. carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas
(b) Viruses and Salmonella are examples of naturally occurring biological hazards.
Biological hazards refer to the environmental threats which are posed by biological agents such as disease or infection causing micro-organisms called pathogens e.g. Viruses and Salmonella are classified as naturally occurring biological hazards.
Viruses are infectious particles. The genetic material of viruses is enclosed within a protein coat i.e. capsid. Salmonella is a rod-shaped bacteria responsible for causing an infection known as salmonellosis in humans.
DDT and DDE, crude oil seeps and Radon gas as well as Carbon dioxide and Nitrogen gas are all examples of chemical hazards that adversely affect human health.
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The estimated percentage of cancers that are due to poor diet and lifestyle habits is approximately Group of answer choices3/41/21/31/4
Solution:
A large body of literature indicates that 30% to 40% of all cancer cases are related to poor dietary or lifestyle habits.
That is equivalent to 1/3.
So that the correct answer is:
1/3
what is the typical lifespan of a leukocyte? question 20 options: because all leukocytes are unable to undergo mitosis (cell division), their lifespan is usually only a few seconds. the lifespan of a leukocyte is approximately 120-150 days. the lifespan of a leukocyte typically is measured only in hours or days. the lifespan of a leukocyte is extremely variable, measuring in hours to years or decades. many leukocytes can live indefinitely if they are in well-protected locations.
The lifespan of leukocytes is 13-20 days, hence option 3 is correct, A leukocyte's lifespan is typically measured in hours or days.
There are three main categories of blood cells: erythrocytes (RBC), leucocytes (WBC), and platelets. Due to their lack of hemoglobin, leucocytes are also known as white blood cells (WBC). A healthy adult man has between 6000 and 8000 WBCs per milliliter of blood.
These are the immune system's cells . They shield the body from both pathogens and foreign invaders. Your body produces more white blood cells when you get sick to fight the germs, viruses, or other foreign substances that are causing your illness. Your white blood cell count rises as a result. Compared to RBCs, which have a lifespan of 120 days, WBCs only live for 13 to 20 days.
White blood cells are classified into five main categories: Lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.
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If a mutation occurs so that a fungus is no longer able to produce a minus mating type, will it still be able to reproduce?.
The fungus will still be able to reproduce by asexual mode of reproduction if mutation has resulted in inability to form minus mating type.
By fragmenting, budding, or generating spores, fungi reproduce asexually. New colonies can develop from hyphae fragments. Mycelial fragmentation is the splitting of a fungal mycelium into pieces, with each piece developing into a new mycelium. Buds are created by yeast somatic cells. A mutation is a rare, unpredictably inheritable variation or alteration in the genotype of an organism's genetic makeup that is brought on by some mutants. The term "mating types" refers to the microorganisms that, in multicellular forms, are the forebears of the various sexes.
Fungi can nevertheless reproduce asexually even if their ability to generate via minus mating type is lost due to a mutation.
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Enzymes are proteins that facilitate chemical reactions. Based on your knowledge of enzymes, what might the result be if one particular enzyme malfunctioned or was not present?
Answer: Enzymes are proteins that facilitate chemical reactions. Based on your knowledge of enzymes, what might the result be if one particular enzyme malfunctioned ...
Explanation:
how would the following changes influence the sensitivity of pcr primers for the target dna sequence in a pcr reaction? many mismatches between the target dna and primer sequences few mismatches between the target dna and primer sequences increase the annealing temperature decrease the extension temperature
The following changes influence the sensitivity of PCR primers for the target DNA sequence in a PCR reaction Increase.
The most effective way to improve specificity is to design primers that are nucleotides in length with a high annealing temperature of Tm. This is especially important when using genomic DNA or cDNA libraries as PCR templates. A pair of primers hybridizes with the sample DNA and defines the region to be amplified. The result is millions of copies in a very short time.
Primers are also used for DNA sequencing and other experimental procedures. A PCR primer refers to a short piece of single-stranded DNA used in a PCR reaction, and a sequencing primer refers to a short sequence of nucleotides used to initiate DNA synthesis in a sequencing reaction. Use the lowest possible concentration if necessary.
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food products start changing immediately upon harvest. these changes include choose one: a. protein production in animal tissue. b. reduction by exposure to the air. c. conversion of starch to sugars in plant products. d. microbial metabolism.
Food products start changing immediately upon harvest. Option A. protein production in animal tissue.
After the food products are harvested any delay in threshing will lead to a loss of quality of the product. This happens due to reduced atmospheric conditions leading to bruising.
Once separated from their tree, plant, or vine, they go through higher prices of breathing, ensuing in moisture loss, best and nutrient degradation, and capability microbial spoilage. This frequently relies upon the particular nutrient, the commodity, and the postharvest dealing with, storage, and domestic cooking situations.
As soon as a grain crop is harvested, a farmer needs to manipulate its drying and storage. that is the very last level of grain manufacturing. Grain drying is an essential practice that occurs before storage. It reduces the grain moisture by eighty-90% and prepares the crop for in an additional garage.
After harvesting, we want to get the cereal grains from the scaly, inedible chaff that surrounds it. This manner is performed in the course of threshing. it's by far the subsequent step in grain training after harvesting.
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Which of the following is required for osmosis to occur?
A. An enzyme
B. A fully permeable membrane.
C. ATP
D. A salute concentration gradient.
Answer: (D)
Explanation:
The diploid number of chromosomes for human skin cells is 46. If the cells undergo mitosis, what will be the diploid number of chromosomes in the new skin cells?.
The diploid number of chromosomes in the new cell is 46.
During mitosis, the parent cell divides into two daughter cells having exactly the same number of chromosomes and genetic makeup. There are four stages of mitosis that include prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
In human beings, mitosis takes almost 24 hours to complete. The diploid number of chromosomes in human beings is 46 which will remain the same after mitosis. Due to this, mitosis is also known as equational division.
Therefore, the diploid number of chromosomes in the new skin cells is 46 after mitosis.
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what is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? (give 5 differences)
Answer:
Prokaryotes are always unicellular, while eukaryotes are often multi-celled organisms
eukaryotic cells are more than 100 to 10,000 times larger than prokaryotic cells
eukaryotic cells are more complex than prokaryotic cells
The DNA in eukaryotes is stored within the nucleus, while DNA is stored in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes
A Prokaryotic cell is surrounded by a single membrane layer but In the case of Eukaryotic, there are two surroundings 1. Plasma membrane 2. Nuclear membrane.
Explanation:
Do plants remove CO₂ from the atmosphere, or
add it back into the atmosphere?
Answer: remove CO2
Explanation:
plants take in CO2 and then convert that into oxygen which they release, so basically they convert CO2 into oxygen, not the other way around. hope this helps :)
Answer:
they add it back into the atmosphere
Explanation:
plants store back the co2 removed from the atmosphere
consider a mutation that causes a decreased activity in a particular protein. a second mutation alters the function of another protein that participates in the same cellular pathway, thereby overcoming the defect in the first protein. this is an example of a(n) .
Consider a mutation that causes a decreased activity in a particular protein. A second mutation alters the function of another protein that participates in the same cellular pathway, thereby overcoming the defect in the first protein. This is an example of a(n) (C) intergenic suppressor.
In a procedure known as synthetic rescue, a suppressor mutation is a second mutation that lessens or reverses the phenotypic consequences of an already existing mutant. Therefore, genetic suppression brings back the phenotype that existed before the initial background mutation.
By causing a mutation elsewhere in the genome, intergenic suppression mitigates the impact of a mutation in one gene. The second mutation does not occur on the identical gene as the first one. For finding and researching interactions between molecules, such as proteins, intergenic suppression is helpful.
For instance, a second mutation elsewhere in the genome that restores or creates a suitable alternative connection between those molecules can make up for a mutation that breaks the complimentary interaction between protein molecules.
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Question correction:
Consider a mutation that causes a decreased activity in a particular protein. A second mutation alters the function of another protein that participates in the same cellular pathway, thereby overcoming the defect in the first protein. This is an example of a(n):
A. Inversion mutation
B. Intragenic suppressor
C. Intergenic suppressor
D. Transversion mutation
1. What 2 events in nature can hinder the process of carbohydrate production? Explain your answer. Use the sentence frame: “___ can hinder carbohydrate production because ____.”
The answers include the following below:
Stormy weather can hinder carbohydrate production because of inadequate sunlight.Low temperature can hinder carbohydrate production because of low heat.What is Carbohydrate?This is referred to as a compound which helps in the provision of energy when it is broken down by enzymes and is formed during photosynthesis through the use of water and carbondioxide as the reactants.
Stormy weather and low temperature can hinder carbohydrate production because of inadequate sunlight. Photosynthetic reaction by plants, requires the use of adequate sunlight as it is converted into this compound thereby making it the correct choice.
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1. diamond is concerned about getting all the essential amino acids from her diet. of the 20 amino acids that are commonly found in living tissues, how many of them are considered essential and cannot be made by a healthy adult?
Of the 20 amino acids, the essential amino acids are 9 in number and they cannot be made by a healthy adult.
Amino acids are the structural components that act as monomers for the synthesis of proteins. The common structure present in all the amino acids is composed of an amino group, a carboxylic group, a hydrogen atom and a variable R group, all attached to the common α-carbon.
Essential amino acids are those that cannot be made by the human body itself and are therefore required by an outside source. This source majorly is diet. The names of all the essential amino acids are: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.
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the flour beetle has 10 chromosomes, roughly equal in size, and it also has eight hox genes. if the eight genes were randomly distributed throughout the genome of the beetle, what is the probability that all eight would land on the same chromosome?
First Hox can land on any chromosome
The probability second Hox lands on the same chromosome are 1/10.
Probability third lands on the same chromosome = 1/10, etc
Probability all eight land on same chromosome = (1/10)^7 = 0.0000001
When genes are close together on the same chromosome, it is called linkage. This means that alleles or gene versions that already exist together on the chromosome are more often inherited as a unit. These observations led to the concept of genetic linkage. This explains how her two closely related genes on the same chromosome are often inherited together.
The closer two genes are to each other on the chromosome the more likely they are to be inherited or linked together. Crossovers between two genes that are next to each other on the chromosome are very rare. If there is no crossover, the product is the parent gamete. A recombinant gamete is the result of a cross. Structural changes can occur in any cell during egg or sperm cell formation, during early fetal development, or after birth.
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(30 pts, I'm desperate... ;-;)Can an offspring with a recessive genotype have parents that both have the dominant genotype? Explain your answer
Answer:
A dominant allele produces a dominant phenotype in individuals who have one copy of the allele, which can come from just one parent. For a recessive allele to produce a recessive phenotype, the individual must have two copies, one from each parent.
What's it's saying is to have An offspring with Recessive genotype both parents must have at least one recessive alleles in their genotype
sympathetic stimulation causes multiple choice mesangial cells to release angiotensin, which ultimately leads to granular cell relaxation. mesangial cells to release angiotensin, which ultimately leads to granular cell contraction. granular cells to release renin, which ultimately leads to mesangial cell contraction. inhibited release of erythropoietin and contraction of granular and mesangial cells. granular cells to release renin, which ultimately leads to mesangial cell relaxation.
Sympathetic stimulation causes granular cells to release renin, which ultimately leads to mesangial cell contraction and is denoted as option C.
What is Sympathetic stimulation?This is referred to as the process in which the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated so as to enable certain types of activities such as heart and digestive rate to be adequately performed by the body for its survival.
In the digestive system, its stimulation results in granular cells releasing renin, which ultimately leads to mesangial cell contraction. This is responsible for the coagulation which occurs in the stomach.
Digestion of the milk is enhanced in this process especilly in young children and is therefore the reason why option C was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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what contributed to the dying out of the dinosaurs? development of birds lowering sea level worldwide meteorite impact in mexico; volcanism in india competition from mammals cold and glaciers in gondwana
Meteorite impact in Mexico; volcanism in India .Volcanism, also called vulcanism, refers to a wide range of processes and phenomena, such as volcanoes, geysers, and fumaroles, that include the surficial discharge of molten rock.
What is volcanism?Volcanism, also known as vulcanism or volcanicity, is the process of molten rock erupting onto the surface of the Earth, a planet or moon with a solid surface, and releasing lava, pyroclastic, and volcanic gases as a result.Volcanism, also called vulcanism, refers to a wide range of processes and phenomena, such as volcanoes, geysers, and fumaroles, that include the surficial discharge of molten rock, pyroclastic pieces, or hot water and steam.Although there are many other volcanic structures that might arise from erupted magma (such as cinder cones or lava domes) and processes that shape volcanoes, technically speaking there are only two major types of volcanoes: a stratovolcano and a shield volcano.To learn more about volcanism, refer to:
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How do i solve this?
Answer: i have the same questio
Explanation:
Answer: Gain solutes from the surrounding area
Explanation: This is because dialysis bags are permeable to iodine so by the random movement of atoms, iodine will flow into the bag.
which of the following features of vancomycin distinguishes it from most other cellular peptides? choose one or more: a. a massive seven-module enzyme is required for glycosylation, chlorination, and side-chain linking of the precursor heptapeptide. b. the heptapeptide backbone is synthesized independently of a ribosome. c. it includes unusual amino acids not normally found in proteins. d. its synthesis requires a modified genetic code. e. some amino acids are present in the d-form rather than the l-form.
The features 'the heptapeptide backbone is synthesized independently of a ribosome, it includes unusual amino acids not normally found in proteins and some amino acids are present in the D-form rather than the L-form' distinguish vancomycin from most other cellular peptides (Options b, c and d).
What is a cellular peptide?A cellular peptide can be defined as any peptide that contains different amino acid residues and plays diverse functions inside the cell.
Vancomycin is a cellular peptide that is not completely synthesized in the ribosome (the protein factory of the cell) becuase it is an antibiotic and whose shape may have different tautomeric conformations according to the molecular function.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that vancomycin is a cellular peptide that is not produced in a whole manner in the ribosomes of the eukaryotic cells and may have different functions as well as distinct tautomeric structures.
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Why can’t we live on planet Venus
Answer: With extreme surface temperatures reaching nearly 735 K (462 °C; 863 °F) and atmospheric pressure 92 times that of Earth, the conditions on Venus make water-based life as we know it unlikely on the surface of the planet. We would die if we went to venus at the moment.
