It could block active transport of serotonin back into the cell by blocking a serotonin-sodium symporter.
The gastrointestinal system, usually known as the stomach and intestines, are affected by the illness known as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Constipation, diarrhea, and stomach discomfort are all possible symptoms. There may also be cramping.
IBS is a chronic ailment that requires long-term management. The abdominal discomfort of patients who took antidepressants for their IBS symptoms significantly improved, and other IBS symptoms including diarrhea, constipation, bloating, nausea, or urgency decreased as well.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) may both lessen general IBS symptoms. Approximately 55% of patients on TCAs or SSRIs will benefit, as opposed to 35% of patients taking a placebo.
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A petri dish contains one yeast cell whose nucleus contains 24 chromosomes. After the cell undergoes one round of its cell cycle, it will contain __ cells, each with ___ chromosomes.
A petri dish contains one yeast cell whose nucleus contains 24 chromosomes. After the cell undergoes one round of its cell cycle, it will contain 48 cells, each with 24 chromosomes.
What is the Cell cycle?The cell cycle may be defined as the entire sequence of events happening from the termination of one nuclear division to the initiation of the next in a series of steps.
It is known that a yeast cell undergoes mitotic cell division. In mitosis, each parental cell produces two daughter cells with identical genetic material in each of them. So, the amount of chromosomes remains the same, i.e. 24 but the cell number increase twice.
Therefore, after the cell undergoes one round of its cell cycle, it will contain 48 cells, each with 24 chromosomes.
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Explain how the products of anaerobic respiration cause your cells to be less efficient
Products of anaerobic respiration, does not require oxygen, as a result lactic acid is produced, which lowers the pH of the cells and cause our cells to be less efficient.
ATP is vital because your muscles use the ATP to contract. During aerobic respiration, your body typically performs this function. Your cells can make a lot of ATP with oxygen and glucose, up to 38 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.
However, when you exercise vigorously, your lungs are unable to keep up, and there is insufficient oxygen to supply your muscles with the ATP they require. Your muscle cells decide to switch to anaerobic respiration on their own.
Your muscle cells use sugar to make ATP during anaerobic respiration, but they don't use oxygen. Your muscles will begin to burn as a result of the rapid conversion of lactate into lactic acid during this process. As you may have noticed, lactic acid makes it harder to exercise.
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jeff was in a fatal accident in which he died almost instantly due to a nervous system injury that interfered with essential life functions such as heartbeat and respiration. which part of jeff's nervous system is most like to have been injured?
The injury that caused Jeff's immediate death and interfered with essential life functions like heartbeat and respiration occurred in the brainstem.
The brainstem is a vital region of the central nervous system located at the base of the brain. It acts as a bridge between the brain and the spinal cord and is responsible for regulating several essential functions necessary for life, including:
Autonomic functions: The brainstem controls autonomic functions that are essential for survival, such as heartbeat (cardiac function) and respiration (breathing).
Cardiovascular control: The brainstem contains centers that regulate blood pressure, heart rate, and the constriction/dilation of blood vessels.
Respiratory control: The brainstem is involved in controlling the rate and depth of breathing.
Reticular activating system (RAS): The brainstem contains the reticular activating system, which plays a critical role in maintaining consciousness and alertness.
A severe injury to the brainstem can disrupt these vital functions, leading to immediate and fatal consequences, such as the inability to maintain heartbeat and respiration, resulting in rapid death.
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after electrophoresis dna fragments through an agarose gel, you examine the dna band that is closest to the positive electrode. how does this dna fragment compare to the others on the gel?
This DNA fragment is smaller as compared to others.
In the field of science, gel electrophoresis can be described as a technique by which DNA fragments are separated based on their charge-to-mass ratio.
Those DNA fragments that are smaller will move faster as compared to the larger ones. This is because the charge on each DNA fragment will be the same but the smaller DNA fragments will be able to move faster.
Hence, the DNA band that is closest to the positive electrode will be able to travel faster as compared to others.
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the fully human monoclonal antibody secukinumab is an fda-approved biologic for the treatment of plaque psoriasis and other autoimmune disorders in adults in which self-reactive th17 cells cause tissue damage. the monoclonal antibody has specificity for interleukin 17a (il-17a), a member of the il-17 family. what is consistent with the mode of action of this therapeutic agent?
The mode of action of this therapeutic agent exists inhibition of neutrophils chemotaxis. IL-17A is a crucial cytokine implicated in the development of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
What is meant by neutrophils chemotaxis?Chemotaxis, or the directed migration of neutrophils, depends on the spatial and temporal control of intracellular signaling pathways, which enables the neutrophil to detect an attractant gradient, polarize, and move quickly in the direction of the chemoattractant with the highest concentration.
The first cells to arrive at the infection site are neutrophils, which are drawn there by chemotactic substances like complement and primarily function in phagocytosis.
IL-17A is a crucial cytokine implicated in the development of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Secukinumab is a completely human monoclonal antibody that selectively neutralizes IL-17A and has demonstrated immediate and long-lasting efficacy and safety in the full spectrum of psoriasis symptoms.
The mode of action of this therapeutic agent exists inhibition of neutrophils chemotaxis.
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The complimentary base pairs for CAT are
Chargaff's rule, also known as the complementary base pairing rule, states that DNA base pairs are always adenine with thymine (A-T) and cytosine with guanine (C-G). A purine always pairs with a pyrimidine and vice versa. However, A doesn't pair with C, despite that being a purine and a pyrimidine.
Explanation:Complementary base pairs refer to the nitrogenous bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. in a double strand of DNA, adenine will always pair with its complement thymine and cytosine will always pair with its complement guanine. This means that the two strands are complementary to each other. For example, a strand of DNA with a nucleotide sequence of AGTCATGA will have a complementary strand with the sequence TCAGTACT.
how does the structure of the plasma membrane determine the permeability of various types of molecules? give examples of molecules which can and can not freely diffuse through the membrane.
The plasma membrane's capacity to let some chemicals through while preventing others is known as selective permeability.
What causes permeability in cells?A phospholipid is a type of lipid composed of glycerol, two fatty acid chains, and a group that contains phosphate. The hydrophilic (water-loving) head is made up of the phosphate group, and the hydrophobic (water-fearing) tails are made up of the fatty acid chains.
Function of PhospholipidsA stable partition containing phospholipids separates two water-based compartments. The inside of the membrane is formed by the hydrophobic tails attached to it. The hydrophilic heads on the opposite end, which face outward, are exposed to aqueous fluids both within and outside of the cell.
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The tendency to respond to a conditioned stimulus that is similar, but not identical, to the original conditioned stimulus is called _____.
The tendency to respond to a conditioned stimulus that is similar, but not identical, to the original conditioned stimulus is called Stimulus generalization.
The capacity to act in a new situation according to a strategy learned in earlier, analogous circumstances is known as stimulus generalization. The challenge is figuring out which elements of the learning circumstances should be applied to all situations.
When an organism's response that was previously conditioned by one stimulus can then be elicited by another stimulus that shares the same properties, this phenomenon is known as stimulus generalization. A conditioned stimulus is a stimulus that may potentially cause a conditioned response. The ringing of the bell served as both the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response in the experiment as described. It's crucial to understand that the neutral stimulus changes into the conditioned stimulus.
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We know when we are moving up and down in an elevator because of the movemnt of tiny crystals in the
We know when we are moving up and down in an elevator because of the movement of tiny crystals in the otolith organs.
The sacculus and the utricle are the two otolith organs present in humans. These organs are responsible for sensing of gravity and also help in linear motions.
There are tiny crystals present in the otolith organs that help in linear motons or detecting when we are moving up or down. These crystals are termed as otoconia and are primarily made up of calcium carbonate.
These otoconia are responsible for detecting vertical movements and are present in the ear.
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What three organs and/or glands produce lipase to digest triglycerides in the gastrointestinal tract?.
Answer: Salivary Glands, Pancreas, Stomach
Explanation:
Although your body produces enough Pancreatic Lipase, if someone suffers underlying diseases such as Crohn's disease or Celiac disease, it can also be produced in the stomach and mouth.
think about the dna coding sequence of a gene. if an a were swapped for a t, what kind of mutation could it cause and why? think about the dna coding sequence of a gene. if an a were swapped for a t, what kind of mutation could it cause and why?
The DNA coding sequence of a gene. if an a were swapped for a t, what type of mutation may want: ought to purpose a silent, missense, or nonsense mutation because those are the kinds that may be a result of a nucleotide-pair substitution like this one.
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer composed of polynucleotide chains that coil around every different to shape a double helix sporting genetic commands for the development, functioning, increase and reproduction of all known organisms and plenty of viruses. DNA and ribonucleic acid are nucleic acids.
DNA is the facts molecule. It stores commands for making different huge molecules, known as proteins. those commands are stored inside each of your cells, disbursed among forty-six lengthy systems referred to as chromosomes. those chromosomes are made from hundreds of shorter segments of DNA, known as genes.
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The DNA coding sequence of a gene. if an a were swapped for a t, option D. It could cause a silent, missense, or nonsense mutation because those are the types that can be caused by a nucleotide-pair substitution like this one.
Human genomes consist of both protein-coding DNA sequences and diverse styles of DNA that don't encode proteins. The latter is a diverse class that includes DNA coding for non-translated RNA, which include that for ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, ribozymes, small nuclear RNAs, and numerous varieties of regulatory RNAs.
Non-coding DNA corresponds to the quantities of an organism's genome that do not code for amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. a few non-coding DNA sequences are acknowledged to serve useful roles, inclusive of inside the regulation of gene expression, whilst different regions of non-coding DNA don't have any regarded characteristic.
The principle distinction between coding and noncoding DNA is that coding DNA represents the protein-coding genes, which encode proteins, while noncoding DNA no longer encodes proteins.
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Disclaimer:- your question is incomplete, please see below for the complete question.
Think about the DNA coding sequence of a gene. if an a were swapped for a t, what kind of mutation could it cause and why?
a. It could cause a frameshift nonsense or frameshift missense mutation because it would change the reading frame of the codon triplet.
b. It could cause a nonsense mutation because the sequence would no longer be the same, so the protein would be shorter and non-functional.
c. It could cause a silent mutation because A and T are complementary to each other so it is not really a substitution mutation.
d. It could cause a silent, missense, or nonsense mutation because those are the types that can be caused by a nucleotide-pair substitution like this one.
In eukaryotes, the components of citric acid cycling and the electron transport chain are located in the ____.
In eukaryotes, the components of citric acid cycling and the electron transport chain are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
The citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain are both parts of cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process by which the oxygen and glucose of food is used by a cell to produce energy in the form of ATP.
The process of cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria. As cellular respiration and electron transport chain are parts of the cellular respiration process, hence these all take place in the mitochondria.
Cellular respiration is divided into three parts which is glycolysis, citric acid cycle and electron transport chain. When glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm, the citric acid cycle as well as the electron transport chain occurs in mitochondria.
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Consists of one sugar, one base and 2 phosphates what is it
Answer:
Sugar phosphate backbone of DNA
Explanation:
HalpbutIDontActuallyNeedHalp;) *Provided in pictureee*
Brainliest if you my bestieeeeeeee
Answer:
Lysosome
Explanation:
Answer: Lysosome - Found only in animal
what is the product of meosis 1?
Answer:
meosis 1 segregates homologous chromosomes which are joined as tetrads (2n, 4c ). producing two haploid cells ( in chromosomes ) which each contained chromatid pairs because the ployidy is reduced from diploid to haploid meosis 1 is referred to as a reductionial division
All of the following are steps in the scientific method except_
Select one:
a. conclusion
b. hypothesis
c. observation experiment
e. scientific law
How do i find out the percentages?
Answer:
Explanation:
The following formula is a common strategy to calculate a percentage:
1- Determine the total amount of what you want to find a percentage.
2- Divide the number to determine the percentage.
3- Multiply the value by 100.
Which is the graph of the linear inequality 2*-3y<12
For the graph of the linear inequality 2*-3y<12, Based on the graph, Option 3 is the one that should be chosen.
This is further explained below.
What is graph?Generally, The graph of the
Inequality 2 x-3 y<12
Solve for y,
2 x-12<3 y
[tex]y > \frac{2}{3} x-4[/tex]
Now that we have the x-intercept and the y-intercept, we can draw the graph of the equation.
The x-intercept is when y equals zero,
2/3x-4=0
2/3 x=4
x=6
the y-intercept is when x=0
2/3(0)-4=y
y=-4
Therefore, the graph must pass between points (0,-4) and (6,0).
Now, we can determine that the area of the graph is
In conclusion,
Put x=0 and y=0
2(0)-3(0)<12
0<12
This is correct. Therefore, the area is moving toward its source.
The line is not continuous since the inequality does not contain an equal sign.
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What inference is best supported by the data in the graph?
Answer:
not enough info
Explanation:
what makes this chart a climate representation and not one that shows the weather
A climate graph is a chart that displays the typical weather for a specific time period and area. A bar graph is used to display the amount of precipitation, while a line graph is used to display the temperature.
What is climate graph?Climate graphs display the typical levels of precipitation and temperature for a location. A line graph displays the temperature, while a bar graph displays the amount of rainfall. The months of the year run down the base of the representation, which is often on the same set of axes.
Why is a climate graph important?Scientists and meteorologists use climate graphs to determine long-term averages over a 12-month period. As a result, climate graphs are effective at illuminating a location's seasonal climate but are not a very excellent source for specifics about the location's climate.
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Forms when ice crystals reach the earth’s surface without passing through a liquid phase
Snow. Snow forms when ice crystals reach the earth’s surface without passing through a liquid phase.
Snow is a type of precipitation that occurs when water vapor in the atmosphere freezes into ice crystals. The shape and size of the snowflakes depend on the temperature and humidity of the air.
Snow can fall as light flakes, heavy flakes, or pellets. Snow can accumulate on the ground and form snowpacks, drifts, or avalanches. Snow can also melt and refreeze into ice or slush.
Some examples of snow-related topics are:
Snowflakes: the individual ice crystals that form snow. Snowflakes have a hexagonal symmetry and a variety of patterns. No two snowflakes are exactly alike.
Snowstorms: weather events that produce a large amount of snow in a short period of time. Snowstorms can cause low visibility, strong winds, and cold temperatures. Snowstorms can also create hazards such as power outages, traffic accidents, and frostbite. Some types of snowstorms are blizzards, nor'easters, and lake-effect snow.
The purpose of the Calvin Cycle is to…
A. convert sugar into cocoa puffs cereal that Mrs. Wade loves to eat
B. convert carbon dioxide in the atmosphere into carbohydrates or sugars
C. convert carbon dioxide in the atmosphere into pizza that Ms. Vetter likes to eat.
D. convert carbon dioxide into oxygen using water
Answer: B.
Explanation:
Answer: B, the purpose of Calvin Cycle is to produce three carbon sugars.
Explanation:
enzymes: group of answer choices are composed primarily of polypeptides, which are polymers of amino acids. can bind prosthetic groups such as metal ions that participate in enzyme reactions. have defined structures. bind their substrates at active sites.
Polypeptides, which are amino acid-based polymers, make up the majority of enzymes. can bind substituted groups, such as metal ions involved in enzyme activities. They have established structures Active sites are where they bind their substrates.
A polypeptides is a non-branched, continuous chain of amino acids that are bonded together by peptide bonds. By joining the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amine group of the following amino acid, the peptide bond creates an amide.
As the constituents of muscles, bones, hair, and nails as well as the building blocks of enzymes, antibodies, muscles, and connective tissue, proteins play a significant role in biology. Because they include shorter chains of amino acids than polypeptides, peptides differ from polypeptides.
The protein consists of one or more polypeptide chains. Smaller subunits or amino acids are joined to form each polypeptide chain. Proteins are composed of amino acids and polypeptides, which are the building blocks of proteins.
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Privet shrubs and humans each have a diploid number of 46 chromosomes per cell. Why are the two species so dissimilar?.
Both the privet shrubs and humans have a diploid number of 46 chromosomes in a cell but yet they are so different. This is because the two species have very different genes.
In the question, it is stated and we know that both privet shrubs and humans have the same number of diploids. They both have a total of 46 chromosomes per cell. But, both of them don't have very similar properties when compared to each other genetically.
We know that Privet shrubs are plants and have different genes in their DNA as compared to human DNA. Their traits and characteristics differ from each other as both have different types of cells. The differences in the characteristics of their genes cause them to be very dissimilar from each other.
Hence, both species are dissimilar.
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GIVING BRAINLIEST IF CORRECT!!!
How is food moved through the esophagus and small intestine?
(ANSWER IF 100 PERCENT SURE THIS IS FOR A TEST)
A. The process of peristalsis which is small muscle contractions squeeze food down the tube.
B. Peristalsis is when long muscles the size of the organ open the tube up for food to slide through.
C. The food gets pushed through, as you eat more it pushes the other food along.
D. Food is moved by the pull of gravity through the tubes in the body.
I'm pretty sure its either A or B but I don't know which one.
Answer: A. The process of peristalsis which is small muscle contractions squeeze food down the tube.
Explanation:
The smooth muscle that runs down the esophagus functions in a wave like pattern to push food down.
reductive evolution is the choose one: a. loss or mutation of dna encoding unselected traits. b. evolutionary decrease in body size of organisms over time. c. decrease in species number over time due to extinction. d. opposite of oxidative evolution.
Reductive evolution is the a. loss or mutation of DNA encoding unselected traits.
In the field of biology, reductive evolution can be described as an evolution in which microorganisms have the capability to delete certain genes from their genomes.
As a result of reductive evolution, the DNA becomes downsized as a part of DNA is lost.
Reductive evolution is a degenerative kind of evolution by which genes for unselected traits are removed.
In microorganisms, this process usually occurs when the microorganism is engulfed by a predator or when a microorganism is living in a restrictive state.
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Space review part 2, I need help on this! Giving brainliest to best answer
Answer:
terrestrial: mercury, venus, earth, & mars
gas/ice giants: jupiter, saturn, uranus, & neptune
Explanation:
Answer:
terrestrial;mercury,venus,earth&mars
gas/ice giants;jupiter,saturn,uranus & neptune
Explanation:
bowling ball collides with a pin and pushes the pin toward the right. Which describes the reaction force?
The pin pushes the bowling ball toward the right.
The pin pushes the bowling ball toward the left.
The bowling ball pulls the pin toward the right.
The bowling ball pulls the pin toward the left.
The pin pushes the bowling ball toward the left.
Explanation:
Because Newton's third law of motion states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction the only possible answer is The pin pushes the bowling ball toward the left.
Answer:
The pin pushes the bowling ball toward the left.
Reaction force is always equal but opposite in direction.
I hope this is helpful
How does reproductive isolation and extinction connected?
Answer:
Reproductive isolation is defined as processes that prevent individuals of different populations from mating, survival or producing fertile offspring. Reproductive isolation is critical for driving speciation and maintaining species identity,
Explanation:
isolation is known to contribute to divergent evolution, resulting in unique phenotypes. Oftentimes morphologically distinct populations are found to be interfertile while reproductive isolation is found to exist within nominal morphological species revealing the existence of cryptic species. These disparities can be difficult to predict or explain especially when they do not reflect an inferred history of common ancestry which suggests that environmental factors affect the nature of ecological divergence. A series of laboratory experiments and observational studies were used to address what role biogeographic factors may play in the ecological divergence of Hyalella amphipods. It was found that geographic isolation plays a key role in the evolution of reproductive isolation and divergent morphology and that divergence cannot be explained by molecular genetic variation.
The purpose of transcription is to create
The purpose of transcription is to create an RNA copy of the DNA sequence.
The act of copying information from a strand of DNA into a fresh messenger RNA molecule is called transcription (mRNA). DNA preserves genetic material as a reference or template safely and permanently in the cell nuclei. The same information as DNA is carried by mRNA, which can readily leave the nucleus and is not employed for long-term storage, making it similar to a copy from a reference book. Because its sequence is complementary to the DNA template, the mRNA is not an exact replica of the DNA segment even though it includes the same information.
Which enzymes are used in transcription?
An enzyme called RNA polymerase and several auxiliary proteins known as transcription factors carry out transcription. Enhancer and promoter sequences are two types of DNA sequences that transcription factors can bind to in order to direct RNA polymerase to the proper transcription site.
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