The table describes solids and plasmas.
Which statement can be placed in the blank cell to make the information in the table accurate?
can be crystalline
can be amorphous
are made of charged particles
are made of neutral particles

Answer:

The scientific method is a systematic approach to problem-solving that is used to explore and understand the natural world. It is based on the idea that knowledge is acquired through observation and experimentation, and that new ideas can be tested and refined through the scientific process.

Scientific question: How does the concentration of a solute in a solvent affect the rate of diffusion?

Hypothesis: If the concentration of a solute in a solvent is increased, then the rate of diffusion will also increase.

Experiment:

Obtain a container with a flat bottom and a lid, such as a petri dish or a covered glass dish.

Fill the container with a solvent, such as water.

Add a solute to the solvent, such as salt or sugar. Vary the concentration of the solute by adding different amounts.

Place a drop of food coloring in the center of the solvent.

Close the lid of the container and observe the rate at which the food coloring spreads outwards.

Repeat the experiment with different concentrations of the solute to compare the results.

Citation:

"Scientific Method." Encyclopedia Britannica, Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., www.britannica.com/topic/scientific-method.

Explanation:

A ligand is an atom or molecule that binds to a central atom or ion. The porphyrin ring Fe(II) ion in oxymyoglobin is coordinated by four nitrogen atoms from the porphyrin ring,

two oxygen atoms, and two histidine residues (distal and proximal). Therefore, all of the listed options are ligands.

In oxymyoglobin, the four nitrogen atoms of the porphyrin ring (tetrapyrole) are coordinated to the Fe(II) ion. These nitrogen atoms can be considered as donor atoms, donating electrons to the metal ion. The two oxygen atoms of the heme group and the two histidine residues (distal and proximal) are also donating electrons and thus considered as ligands. All of these atoms and molecules are involved in the coordination of the Fe(II) ion in oxymyoglobin and can be considered as ligands.

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The gold that would be plated from jewelry that is electroplated with gold for 25 seconds at 1.5A is 0.07 grams.

The gold that would be plated can be calculated according to the electrochemical equation which is AU ++ 1e-Au(s).

Now, electrochemical reaction will result the plating of 1 atom of gold for 1 electron. So for 25 seconds at 1.5 A, we get 1.5*25 = 37.5 coulombs of electrons since the ampere is equal to coulomb per second.

The number of electrons we have if coulomb of electrons about 6.241Ă*10^18 electrons is 6.241Ă*10^18*37.5 = 2.34*10^20. Then we can calculate the moles using Avogadro's number which is 2.34*10^20 / 6.02*10^23 = 3.88*10^-4.

Then, we can calculate the grams of gold by multiplying the number of moles by the weight of the atom gold. So, 3.88*10^-4 * 196.96657 = 7.65*10^-2.

Thus the number of gold that would be plated in grams is 7.65*10^2 or equal to 0.077 grams.

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the answer is b

Explanation: its b

The different colors stem from the fact that the electrons of different elements absorb different amounts of energy. Option B

We know that in chemistry, the flame test is one of the ways that we can be able to find out the kind of element that we have. The process of the test is just that we can be able to moisten a salt of the test substance and then expose it to flame. The color that we see from the flame is the color of the electronic transition that is going on in the atom of the element.

Since we know that what is going on is that basically the electrons that are in the substance would just absorb energy and move from a one energy level to the next and this would lead to the emission of light of a characteristic color, this us what we see in the flame test.

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An addition reaction occurs when HBr is added to alkenes. Always, the more substituted carbon of the alkene receives the bromine (Markovnikov-selectivity)

An ethene-like compound known as a symmetrical alkene has the same groups at both ends of the carbon-carbon double bond. In the presence of organic peroxides or some airborne oxygen, the reaction takes place at ambient temperature. The two scenarios are identical because alkenes produce residues of organic peroxides when they react extremely slowly with oxygen.

Propene is an example of an unsymmetrical alkene because it has distinct groups at either end of the carbon-carbon double bond. The same conditions as with a symmetrical alkene apply for the reaction, but there is a challenge because the hydrogen and bromine can combine in two different ways.

Normally, the hydrogen becomes linked to the carbon with the most hydrogens when a molecule HX adds to a carbon-carbon double bond. The Markovnikov's Rule is what governs this. The peroxide effect or anti-Markovnikov addition occurs when HBr adds on the "wrong way around" in the presence of organic peroxides.

Hydrogen bromide adds to propene using an electrophilic addition process in the absence of peroxides. This results in the outcome that Markovnikov's Rule expected.

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According to superposition principle of rocks the oldest sedimentary rock layer is in the bottom and the youngest will be the upper layer.

One of the geological laws that geologists use to calculate the relative ages of rock strata, or layers, is the law of superposition. According to this theory, rock layers are stacked or deposited one on top of the other. The bottom will have the oldest rock strata and the top will have the youngest.

Earlier rocks, which were horizontally deposited over the older layers, are buried deeper in the planet than younger ones. This now widely accepted idea, which is also known as the Law of Superposition, is regarded as a fundamental rule of geology.

Long before the technology existed to compute the precise ages of rocks, geologists were able to use this principle to identify the oldest rock layers.

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The final product of the beta decay of Thorium Th-231 is ²³¹Pa₉₁.

Beta decay can be explained as a kind of radioactive decay in which a beta particle is released from an atomic nucleus and is changing the real nuclide to an isobar.

Beta decay will transform it into a proton by the emission of an electron as well antineutrino. A proton is changed into a neutron by the liberating of a positron with a neutrino.

Neither the β-particle nor its anti-neutrino exist within the nucleus before β-decay but can be generated in the decay process.

The probability of decaying because of beta and other decay is estimated by its nuclear binding energy.

²³¹Pa₉₀  ²³¹Pa₉₁  + ⁰e₋₁

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Prokaryotic cells typically have diameters ranging from 0.1 to 5.0 micrometers (m) and are substantially smaller than eukaryotic cells, which typically have diameters ranging from 10 to 100 m.

A single-celled creature called a prokaryote lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. The term prokaryote is derived from the Greek and v. Prokaryotes were classed into the empire Prokaryota in the two-empire concept developed by Édouard Chatton. A nucleoid area, DNA and RNA as genetic material, ribosomes that create proteins, and cytoplasm that contains a cytoskeleton that organizes cellular components are all present in all prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic creatures, on the other hand, are a tremendously varied group of organisms that exist in a wide range of forms and sizes.

Here,

Prokaryotic cells typically have diameters ranging from 0.1 to 5.0 micrometers (m), making them substantially smaller than eukaryotic cells, which typically have dimensions ranging from 10 to 100 m.

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Options 1,2,4,and 6 are correct because of multiple factors that effect entropy of a reaction in various conditions.

1- Entropy is a state function-the current value doesn't depend on the reaction previous history.

2- Entropy is a measure of the randomness or disorder of the system.

4- Any spontaneous process increases the total entropy of the entire universe.

6- Entropy increases when a solid turns into a gas. The statement 3 is not correct, the standard entropy of a pure substance at a given temperature is not always zero. And statement 5 is not correct since the product of a chemical reaction doesn't have to have a higher entropy than the reactants, it depends on the specific reaction.

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The pH of the acetic acid solution is 7.46.

A standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) is immersed in an acetic acid (CH3COOH) solution, and connected by an external circuit to an iron nail dipping into 0.10 M FeCl2. The measured potential of this cell, Ecell, is 0.24 V. To calculate the pH of the acetic acid solution, we must first understand the reaction taking place in the cell.

The SHE acts as the reducing agent in the cell, and is oxidized according to the following reaction:

SHE + H+ → H2

At the same time, the iron nail is acting as the oxidizing agent, and is reduced according to the following reaction:

Fe2+ + 2e- → Fe

Combining the two reactions, we can construct the overall cell reaction:

CH3COOH + H+ + Fe2+ → CH3COO- + H2 + Fe

Using the Nernst equation, we can calculate the pH of the acetic acid solution:

Ecell = E0cell - (RT/F) * ln( [CH3COO-] * [Fe] / [CH3COOH] * [Fe2+] )

Rearranging the equation:

pH = pK + log[ (Ecell - E0cell) / (RT/F) ] + log([CH3COOH]/[Fe2+])

Using the given values, we can calculate the pH of the acetic acid solution:

pH = 4.76 + log[ (0.24 - 0) / (0.0591) ] + log([1]/[0.10])

= 4.76 + 1.7 + 1

= 7.46

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According to the department of transportation defines hazardous materials as any substance in any form or quantity that poses an unreasonable risk to Health ,Safety, and property when transported.

hazardous materials are defined as a substance or material which can cause any kind of harm to people or animals.

To produce goods and other necessities for today's society, many factories and industries use hazardous materials.

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The reaction between lead nitrate and sodium chloride produces the lead chloride crystals in solution. The ionic equation of this reaction is written below:

[tex]\rm Pb^{2+} (aq) + NO_{3}^{2-} (aq)+ 2Na^{+} (aq)+ 2Cl^{-} (aq) \rightarrow PbCl_{2} (s)+ 2Na^{+} (aq) + NO_{3}^{2-} (aq)[/tex]

An ionic equation of a reaction represents the balanced state of each ions takes part in the reaction. The charges in both side is balanced and the state of each substance is specified.

When the ionic product of the reactants exceed their solubility product, The reaction produce the precipitate. The precipitate can be of a solid mass powder or crystals.

Crystals are formed when the precipitated solid forms well ordered lattice structures with sharp edge. The ionic equations shows, that, the lead chloride crystals are formed when the aqueous sodium chloride reacts with aqueous lead nitrate.

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The state of matter of the aforementioned substance that most closely resembles liquid is determined by the forces of attraction.

The mass of a substance is determined by its temperature. Whether a substance is a gas, solid, or liquid depends on its temperature. The direction of a gas's molecules and atoms' motion depends on temperature.

A liquid is an incompressible fluid that maintains a constant volume under all conditions and conforms to the shape of its container. One of the four basic states of matter, it is also the only one to have a set volume but no fixed form.

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The group 1 metals placed in the periodic table is called as the Alkali metals. because of their oxides and the hydroxide form alkaline solution with water.

The group 1 elements called as the alkali metal as their oxides and their hydroxides form the alkaline solution with the water. The alkali metals are given as :

These elements are the metals except the hydrogen . the hydrogen element is the non metal nut place in the group 1. the hydrogen is the exception. the alkali metals are very reactive.

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The periodic table's group 1 metals are referred to as alkali metals. due to the formation of an alkaline solution with water by their oxides and hydroxides.

When combined with water, the group 1 elements known as the alkali metals' oxides and hydroxides create an alkaline solution. The following are the alkali metals:

Hydrogen - H

Rubidium - Rb

Lithium - Li

Sodium - Na

Potassium - K

Francium - Fr

Cesium - Cs

With the exception of hydrogen, these elements are all metals. The non-metal  spot in group one is occupied by the hydrogen element. The exception is hydrogen. The reactiveness of alkali metals is high. it is due to only 1 electron in the outer most energy shell which is not under high attraction from the nucleus due to shielding effect of inner electrons.

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The definition of a Bronsted-Lowry base is a b) proton (or hydrogen ion) acceptor.

Any species that can donate a proton qualifies as a Bronsted-Lowry acid, and any species that can accept a proton qualifies as a base. A Bronsted-Lowry base must have at least one lone pair of electrons in order to accept a proton and create a new bond with it. When one compound accepts a proton or H+ ion from another, the resulting conjugated acid is known as a Bronsted-Lowry base. While weak acids and bases only partially ionise in an aqueous solution, strong acids and bases do so completely. In response If there are fewer hydrogens, then the substance is acid (donates hydrogen ions). If the quantity of hydrogens increase then the substance is considered as base i.e. it accepts hydrogen ions.

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Answer:

must be 9 g of water.

Explanation:

i did 18/2.

The molarity of the aqueous acid, H₂SO₄ solution, given that 19.5 mL of the acid is needed to neutralize 25.9 mL of 0.0266 M LiOH solution is 0.0177 M

We'll begin by obtaining the mole ratio of the acid and based from the balanced neutralization equation for the reaction. This is given below:

H₂SO₄ + 2LiOH —> Li₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

Finally, we shall determine the molarity of the aqueous acid, H₂SO₄ solution. Details below

MaVa / MbVb = nA / nB

(Ma × 19.5) / (0.0266 × 25.9) = 1 / 2

Cross multiply

Ma × 19.5 × 2 = 0.0266 × 25.9

Divide both side by 19.5 × 2

Ma = (0.0266 × 25.9) / (19.5 × 2)

Ma = 0.0177 M

Thus, the molarity of the acid is 0.0177 M

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To calculate the mole fraction of methanol, you need to know the number of moles of methanol and glycerine present in the solution.

First, we need to calculate the number of moles of methanol in the solution. To do this, we use the molar mass of methanol (32.04 g/mol)

130g / 32.04g/mol = 4.05 moles

We also need to calculate the number of moles of glycerine in the solution. To do this, we use the molar mass of glycerine (92.09 g/mol)

23.5g / 92.09g/mol = 0.2555 moles

The mole fraction of a component is calculated by the number of moles of that component divided by the total number of moles in the solution.

Mole fraction of methanol = moles methanol / (moles methanol + moles glycerine)

= 4.05 moles / (4.05 moles + 0.2555 moles)

= 0.941

Therefore, the mole fraction of methanol is

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The equation can be balanced as N2+3H2→2NH3. The coefficients of Hydrogen (1) is 3 and NH3 is 2.

In the equation, N2+3H2→2NH3, the reactants are Nitrogen and Hydrogen which combine to form the product Ammonia. In this balanced equation,  hydrogens has a coefficient of 2 in front of ammonia and a coefficient of 3 in front of the hydrogen. There are various ways to detect the presence of the product which is ammonia gas. Ammonia gas detectors are also present at various areas to detect the ammonia gas. Ammonia gas can also be detected by nose if the concentration is more than 5 ppm.

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Answer:

C) hydrogen bonding

Explanation:

The boiling point of HF is higher than that of hcl because hf is a much bigger molecule. This means that there are more electrons in HF, and thus more intermolecular forces.

HF shows H-bonding which would mean it has a higher boiling point or less volatile nature. HCl has the lower boiling point due to the small dispersion intermolecular forces.

Hydrogen bonding only occurs between compounds that contain hydrogen and one or more of the following atoms: oxygen, fluorine, or nitrogen.

The number of moles of hydrogen in 25 g is 12.5 and number of moles of oxygen gas in 128 g is 4 moles. The limiting reactant in the reaction is oxygen because, it is not sufficient in the reaction.

The reactant which is fewer in amount will determine the yield of the reaction because as this reactant is consumed, the reaction would stop and no further progress as  the excess reactant is there.

This reactant which determine the yield of reaction is called the limiting reactant. In the given reaction 2 moles of hydrogen gas reacts with one mole of oxygen gas.

molecular mass of H₂ = 2 g/mol

molecular mass of O₂ = 32 g/mol

moles of H₂ in 25 g = 25 /2 = 12.5 moles

moles of O₂ in 128 g = 128 /32 = 4 moles.

12.5 moles of H₂ gas needs 6.2 moles of oxygen gas but, we have only 4 moles. Therefore, oxygen is the limiting reactant.

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The probability that it is your day off given that today is friday 12% or 0.12. Conditional probability is the probability of an event occurring given that another event has already occurred.

We can use Bayes' Theorem, which states that:

P(A | B) = P(B | A) * P(A) / P(B)

Where:

P(A) is the probability of event A happening (it is your day off)

P(B) is the probability of event B happening (today is Friday)

P(A | B) is the probability of event A happening, given that event B has happened (the probability that it is your day off, given that today is Friday)

P(B | A) is the probability of event B happening, given that event A has happened (the probability that it is Friday, given that it is your day off)

We know that the probability of it being Friday and your day off is 12%. This is the joint probability of events A and B.

P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B) = 0.12

We are also given that the probability that it is Friday and it's your day off is 12% which is equivalent to P(A and B)

We don't have the information about the probability of B given A, but we have P(A and B) and we know the probability of B and A.

so we can calculate P(A|B) as follows:

P(A|B) = P(A and B) / P(B) = (0.12) / (0.12 + x)

Where x is the probability of B given A is not true.

This formula tells us that the probability that it is your day off, given that today is Friday, is 12% or 0.12

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Given that it is Friday today, the likelihood that it is your day off is 12%, or 0.12. The likelihood of an event happening given that another event has already happened is known as conditional probability.

Using the Bayes' Theorem, which says:

P(B | A) * P(A) / P(A | B) = P(B | A) (B)

Where:

The probability of an event is P(A). an occurrence (it is your day off). P(B) is the likelihood that event B will occur (today is Friday)

P(A | B) represents the likelihood that event A will occur given that event B has already occurred (the probability that it is your day off, given that today is Friday). P(B | A) is the likelihood that event B will occur assuming that event A has already occurred (the likelihood that it will be Friday).

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The chemistry lab emergency procedure that is not advised is (b) gathering your belongings. It will only make things worse in that circumstance.

It is advised that you remain composed, inform the lab instructor, pay attention to their directions, and close any equipment that might later cause a problem, such as gas jets, burners, or other ignition sources.

By taking the necessary safeguards to lessen the effects of hazardous conditions brought on by fire, severe weather, utility failures, or loss of services, laboratory equipment, materials, and research can be preserved against loss during emergencies.

Additional actions that are advised include:

In the event of a serious emergency, notify others and sound the alarm.

In case of harmful spill, leave the building immediately.

Extinguish a tiny fire if it's safe to do so.

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The formal charge on the sulfur atom in the Lewis structure is zero.

The charge that would be present on an atom in a molecule if all of the bonding electrons were distributed equally is known as the formal charge of the atom. For each atom in a Lewis structure, you should count how many electrons it "owns" in order to determine the formal charges. All of its lone pair electrons as well as 50% of its bonding electrons should be counted. Essentially, the formal charge of an atom is the difference between its valence electrons and its own electrons.

Valence electrons of Sulfur = It is present in Group VI A = 6 valence electrons

Bonding electrons = 2 single bonds + 2 double bonds = 2(2) + 2(4) = 12 electrons

Electrons without lone pairs are non-bonding electrons.

Formal charge = 6 – 0 – 12/2 = 6 – 0 – 6 = 6 – 6 = 0

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Answer:

molar mass of ba(no2)2=229.34

mass of ba=137.27

mass of n=14.007*2=28.014

mass of o=15.999*4=63.996

so %of ba=137.27÷229.34*100=59.85%

% of n=28.014/229.34*100=12.21%

% of o=63.996/229.3*100=27.90%

i hope it helps btw i am from india

Explanation:

Two students could obtain different values for the calculated area of the same rectangle due to rounding and the accuracy of their measurements.

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50 grams of NaCl, m.w. 58.5 daltons are required to make 1 liter of 5% saline.

Saline water (generally known as salt water) is water that contains a high concentration of dissolved salts or NaCl. The saline is used in the management and treatment of dehydration, e.g., hypovolemia, shock), metabolic alkalosis in the presence of fluid loss, and mild sodium depletion.

Therefore it is stated that saline is the solution which is composed of salt and water. And in order to make 1 liter of 5% saline, 50 grams of sodium chloride or NaCl is required.

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We need 1.68 L of concentrated (14.7 M) phosphoric acid to prepare 25.0 L of 3.0 M H3PO4.

To prepare 25.0 L of 3.0 M H3PO4, we can use the formula:

M1V1 = M2V2

Where M1 = concentrated phosphoric acid (14.7 M)

V1 =  (the volume of concentrated phosphoric acid needed)

M2 = 3.0 M

V2 => 25.0 L

We can solve for V1 by substituting the values into the formula and rearranging:

V1 = (M2V2) / M1

V1 = (3.0 M * 25.0 L) / 14.7 M

V1 = 1.68 L

So, we need 1.68 L of concentrated (14.7 M) phosphoric acid to prepare 25.0 L of 3.0 M H3PO4.

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