The temperature and pressure at which a substance can exist in equilibrium between its solid, liquid and gaseous states is called its triple point.
Triple point of a substance is defined as the the temperature and pressure at which three phases of that substance may coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium. At triple point of the temperature and pressure at which the sublimation curve, fusion curve and the vaporization curve meet at a point. A triple point may involve more than one solid phase for substances with multiple polymorphs. For most substances the triple point is the minimum temperature at which the liquid can exist.
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The arrangement of glycosidic linkages in _______ makes it a much more structurally stable molecule than _______.
The arrangement of glycosidic linkages in cellulose makes it a much more structurally stable molecule than starch.
Cellulose is thicker than sugar, which is water-insoluble. On the other hand, the Starch is less weak than cellulose and can be dissolved in warm water. The underlying stability comes from the dense H-bond network constructed among the crystalline-ordered polysaccharide chains.
Starch is made up of -glucose subunits, whereas cellulose is made up of -glucose subunits.
Cellulose is unbranched and a straight-chain polymer of glucose, whereas starch is branched.
Cellulose is comparatively much stronger than starch as Cellulose has more hydrogen bonds (Beta 1,4 Linkages) between adjacent glucose units, both within a chain and between adjacent chains, making it a tougher fiber than glycogen or starch.
An interesting and unique feature of this assembly is the multiple possibilities of H-bonding patterns within a single stable structure of cellulose.
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The arrangement of glycosidic linkages in cellulose makes it a much more structurally stable molecule than starch.
A complex carbohydrate called cellulose serves as the main structural element of plant cells. It is a polymer made formed of glucose simple sugar repeating units. Cellulose is an essential part of dietary fibre and has several industrial uses, including the creation of paper, fabrics, and biofuel. Hydrogen connections between the cellulose chains in plant cells are what give cellulose its distinctive strength and stiffness. Since it can be broken down by bacteria and fungus, cellulose is really the most prevalent biomaterial on Earth and a significant energy source for many other creatures.
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Zinc (Zn) combines with hydrogen chloride (HCI) to form
hydrogen gas (H₂) and zinc chloride (ZnCl₂).
Which equation represents this chemical reaction?
A. ZnCl₂ + Zn
B. 2HCI
→
→
H₂ + Zn + ZnCl₂
OC. ZnH₂ + ZnCl₂ + 2HCI
H₂ + 2HCI i know the answer but why is it 2HCI where does the 2 come from?
Explanation:
ZnCl[tex]_{2}[/tex] + H[tex]_{2}[/tex] ⇒ Zn + 2HCl
The two in 2HCl comes after balancing the equation.
The number of elements reacting should be equal to the number of products being formed.
The left side of the equation:
ZnCl[tex]_{2}[/tex] + H[tex]_{2}[/tex]
has;
1 Zn
2 Cl
and 2 H
while at the right side of the equation:
Zn + HCl
We have;
1 Zn
1 Cl
1 H
Therefore, in order to balance the equation we multiply 2 with both H and Cl.
1 x 2 = 2H
1x 2 = 2Cl
Thus we get;
Zn + 2HCl
Draw the structural formula of disopentyl ketone Draw the molecule on the canvas by choosing buttons from the Tools (for bonds), Atoms, and Advanced Template toolbars. The single bond is active by default.
Draw the structural formula for 2,4-dimethyl-1,4-ethylhexadiene By selecting buttons from the Tools (for bonds) Atoms and Advanced Template toolbars you may draw the molecule on the canvas The lone bond is in operation by default Sowt
Even with the most advanced microscopes for visible light, atoms are too tiny to be seen. This is due to the fact that they are 10,000 times smaller in size than the wavelength of light Early in the 1800s English chemist John Dalton introduced the concept of atoms. All elements, according to his atomic theory are composed of atoms Elements An atom is what The building blocks are atoms An alphabet is required if you wish to establish a language Atoms from various elements are required to construct molecules. The language of molecules is written using elements Do atom-sized particles of matter exist? Sure Smaller and smaller bits of substance make up atoms. Howe
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Which state is made up of separated electrons and positive ions?
A. Gas
B. Plasma
C. Liquid
D. Solid
The state which is separated by ions is Plasma .
Why plasma is separated ?Plasma is a state of matter consisting of positive gaseous ions and electrons. In the plasma state, a mercury atom could be stripped of its electrons and therefore would exist as Hg80+.
What do you mean by ions ?An electrically charged atom is known as an ion . It has been formed due to the gain or loss of electrons . There are two types of ion . They are positive and negative ion .
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The figure represents three identical containers connected by valves that can be closed or opened to allow gas movement between the containers. At the beginning of a student's investigation, the valves are closed and the two outer containers are completely empty. The middle container holds particles of an ideal gas at a pressure of 9 atm. After the valves are opened and enough time has passed for net movement of particles between the containers to stop, the pressure of gas in the middle container will be closest to which of the following?
1.5 atm
2 atm
3 atm
9 atm
After valves are opened and enough time has passed for net movement of particles between containers to stop, pressure of gas in middle container will be closest to 3 atmospheres as pressure will be halved after opening valves.
What is pressure ?Pressure is defined as the force applied on an object perpendicular to it's surface per unit area over which it is distributed.Gauge pressure is a pressure which is related with the ambient pressure.
There are various units by which pressure is expressed most of which are derived units which are obtained from unit of force divided by unit of area . The SI unit of pressure is pascal .
Pressure will be halved after opening valves as it will be bifurcated ,thus, 9/2=4.5 which is closest 3 atmospheres.
Thus,the pressure of gas in the middle container will be closest to 3 atmospheres.
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the addition of ammonia and ________ to water produces a buffer solution. a) NH4Cl
b) NaBr
c) NH3
d) NaNO3
e) Kl
Answer:
The addition of ammonia (NH3) and NH4Cl to watwr produces a buffer solution.
Explanation:
Because, to make a buffer solution from a weak base compound, a salt of the conjugate acid can be added.
Because NH3 has a conjugate acid, namely NH4, the suitable salt added for NH3 to become a buffer solution is NH4Cl.
How many moles of aluminum are equivalent to 4.816 × 1024 atoms? a. 12.5 b. 8 c. 1.25
d. 0.8
Answer:
The number of moles equivalent to 4.816×1024 is B:8
How many individual atoms (hydrogen and oxygen atoms) are in one molecule of water
What are the effects at the DNA level?
DNA damage can affect normal cell that affects function and impact the rates of apoptosis.
What are the negative effects on the DNA?DNA on the other hand damage to affects genetic material can consequence in impaired cellular function, cell loss, or the change of healthy cells to cancers. Factors such as light, temperature, and pollution could enduringly alter our DNA and gene expression, especially as climate change continues. Point mutations that occur in DNA order encoding proteins are either silent, missense or nonsense.
Extremely inaccurate DNA replication can lead to a rapid aggregation of mutations that disrupts cellular procedure and effects needed for viability and extinguish clonal populations of cells within some generations
So we can conclude that Each DNA strand is calm of nucleotides units made up of a sugar (deoxyribose).
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If one mole of each is dissolved in 1.00 L of water, which will lower the vapor pressure the most? A HClO4 B C12H22O11 C NaNO3 D CH3CH2CH2OH
E MgCl2
If one mole of the each is dissolved in 1.00 L of the water. The one which will lower the vapor pressure most is the E) MgCl₂.
The MgCl₂ will lowers the vapor pressure most due to given the following reasons as :
MgCl₂ wil dissociates into the three ions.The value of the i is large in the case of the MgCl₂.The vapor pressure due to the large of the particles in low.The elevation in the boiling point is depends on the number of the solute particles.
Thus, if the one moles of the MgCl₂ is dissolved in the 1 L of the water. The Vapour pressure is low.
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Select the correct answer. when will a salt become less soluble in water? a. when pressure is increased b. when pressure is decreased c. when temperature is increased d. when temperature is decreased
The salt become less soluble in water when the temperature of the water decreases. Solubility increases with the increase in temperature.
The term solubility is the maximum quantity of solute that can dissolve in a certain quantity of solvent or quantity of solution at a specified temperature or pressure. An increase in temperature produces an increase in solubility. The effect of temperature on solubility can be explained on the basis of Le Chatelier's Principle. This principle is of value in predicting how much a system will respond to a change in external conditions. An increase in temperature puts a stress on the equilibrium condition and causes it to shift to the right. The stress is relieved because the dissolving process consumes some of the heat. Therefore, the solubility increases with an increase in temperature.
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Based on Coulomb’s law and the information in the table above, which of the following cations is most likely to have the weakest interaction with an adjacent water molecule in an aqueous solution?
*The answer is Na+*
Na⁺ cations is most likely to have the weakest interaction with an adjacent water molecule in an aqueous solution. Therefore, the correct option is option A.
What is cation?An ionic molecule with such a positive charge is called a cation. Its Greek word "kato," meaning meaning "down," is where the term "cation" originates. A cation has a net positive charge due to its greater number of protons than electrons. Many charge cations may have unique names.
A dication, for instance, is a cation with such a +2 charge. A trication is a person having a +3 charge. The overall charge of a zwitterion is neutral, but distinct parts of the molecule have both negative and positive charges. The element sign or chemical formula is preceded by a subscripts of a charge to represent a cation. Na⁺ cations is most likely to have the weakest interaction with an adjacent water molecule in an aqueous solution.
Therefore, the correct option is option A.
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Does an endothermic absorb or release energy
Answer:
Chemical reactions that absorb (or use) energy overall are called endothermic. In endothermic reactions, more energy is absorbed when the bonds in the reactants are broken than is released when new bonds are formed in the products.
Explanation:
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Farmers must monitor the quality of their soil because
A. the health of the soil determines the health of their crops
B. the state requires them to.
C.it helps determine how high the crops will grow.
D. it shows which pollutants are in the air.
In an ecosystem, farmers must monitor the quality of their soil because the health of the soil determines the health of their crops.
What is an ecosystem?
Ecosystem is defined as a system which consists of all living organisms and the physical components with which the living beings interact. The abiotic and biotic components are linked to each other through nutrient cycles and flow of energy.
Energy enters the system through the process of photosynthesis .Animals play an important role in transfer of energy as they feed on each other.As a result of this transfer of matter and energy takes place through the system .
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Apple juice has a pH of 2.9, and water has a pH of 7.0. Which substance has a higher concentration of hydronium ions, and how much higher is it
Apple juice has a pH of 2.9, and water has a pH of 7.0. pH of 2.9 has higher concentration. It is higher by 0.0012599
We know pH formula
pH = -log [H₃O ]
where
H3O is hydronium concentration
now, we can find concentrations
At pH=2.9:
we can use formula
pH = -log [H₃O ]
2.9 = -log [H₃O ]
H₃O= 10^2.9
H₃O = 0.00126
At pH=7:
we can use formula
pH = -log [H₃O ]
7 =-log [H₃O ]
H₃O = 10⁻⁷
H₃O = 0.0000001
We can see that
pH=2.9 has higher concentration
Difference between concentration is
=0.00126-0.0000001
=0.0012599
Your question is incomplete mostprobably your full question was
Apple juice has a pH of 2.9, and water has a pH of 7.0. Which substance has a higher concentration of hydronium ions, and how much higher is it? Use the formula , where represents the hydronium ion concentration. has a higher concentration of hydronium ions. Its hydronium ion concentration is times higher than in the other liquid.
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Use the periodic table to determine each of the following:The number of 3s electrons in Mg.The number of 3d electrons in Cr.The number of 4d electrons in Mo.The number of 6p electrons in Pb.
The number of 3s electrons in Mg is 2. The number of 3d electrons in Cr is 4. The number of 4d electrons in Mo is 4 and the number of 6p electrons in Pb is 2.
Electron configuration: A single atom can represent each chemical element in the modern periodic table. The group as well as row position of elements in table can easily predict the electronic configuration of the neutral atom.
According to the modern periodic table: The number of 3s electrons in Mg is [1s²2s²2p⁶3s²]. In case of chromium the number of 3d electrons are [1s²2s²3s²3p⁶4s²3d⁴]. The number of 4d electrons in Molybdenum is [1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s¹4d⁵] and in case of lead the number of 6p electrons are [xe] 6s²4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6p².
Therefore, the number of 3d electrons in Cr is incorrect because of its electronic configuration i.e [1s²2s²3s²3p⁶4s²3d⁴]
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what are 3 conditions needed for osmosis to occur.
The three conditions needed for osmosis to occur are: a semi-permeable membrane, a concentration gradient, and solute potential.
Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from a solution with a low solute concentration to a solution with a high solute concentration, in order to balance the concentration of the solution.
Three conditions needed for osmosis to occur are:
1. A semi-permeable membrane: This is a membrane that allows some molecules or ions to pass through, but not others.
2. A concentration gradient: This is a difference in the concentration of a substance on either side of the membrane. Osmosis occurs as the substance moves from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
3. Solute potential: This is the relative tendency of the solute molecules to move across the membrane.
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A purified enzyme was incubated with various concentrations of a low-molecular-weight carbon-14 labeled Compound X, followed by measurement of the enzyme's catalytic activity. Enzyme samples were passed through a procedure to remove small molecules and then measured for carbon-14 label content. What conclusions can be drawn about how Compound X interacts with this enzyme
Compound X is a reversible inhibitor of the enzyme, Enzyme samples were passed through a procedure to remove small molecules and then measured for carbon-14 label content.
Once an enzyme has catalysed a reaction and has been released from its binding to a substrate, it can be used for other reactions.
The enzyme, which is now free and ready to catalyse the conversion of a further molecule of substrate into a product, has undergone absolutely no change.
As a catalyst, it is important to remember that the enzyme is not permanently altered by the reaction; rather, the enzyme returns to its initial state after the reaction has finished.
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A purified enzyme was incubated with the various concentrations of the low-molecular-weight carbon-14 labeled Compound X, the conclusion drawn is the compound X is the reversible inhibitor of enzyme.
The reversible inhibitor of the enzyme is the one, that will once removed and allow the enzyme and it will inhibiting to start the working again. this will not effect the enzyme permanently. the enzyme is now ready for the conversion of the molecule of the substrate to the product.
The three types of the reversible inhibitor is : the competitive inhibitor , the non competitive inhibitor and the uncompetitive inhibitor.
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Over time, a particular plant has developed a longer stamen. Which of the following is a possible advantage of having a longer stamen?
A. A longer stamen could ensure that an insect brushes against an anther and picks up pollen.
B. A longer stamen could ensure that the flower produces more nectar.
C. A longer stamen could ensure that pollen could reach the ovary and fertilize the egg.
D. A longer stamen could ensure that the developing flower is well protected.
A longer stamen could ensure that an insect brushes against an anther and picks up pollen is the advantage of having a longer stamen. The correct option is A
What is stamen long ?Stamen long is the male reproductive part of a flower. In all but a few extant angiosperms the stamen consists of a long slender stalk the filament with a two lobed anther at the tip. The anther consists of four saclike structures microsporangia that produce pollen for pollination.
Therefore stamens consist of an anther the site of pollen development and in most species a stalk-like filament which transmits water and nutrients to the anther and positions it to aid pollen dispersal.
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mine tailings contain ________, which harms fish and other aquatic organisms.
Mine tailings contain sulphide, which harms fish and other aquatic organisms.
Fish can swiftly perish from hydrogen sulfide's extreme toxicity. Fish that are exposed experience an increase in secondary bacterial, parasitic, and fungal infections as well as a possible premature demise. Water-life is harmed by hydrogen sulfide, a poisonous gas, especially when it is unionized. It might naturally occur at concentrations that are harmful to fish reproduction and survival (Colby and Smith, 1967). The materials left over after an ore is separated into its valuable and economically unviable components are known as tailings in the mining industry. The materials left over after an ore is separated into its valuable and economically unviable components are known as tailings in the mining industry.
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____ are small components typically made out of aluminum with fins that help to dissipate heat.
a.
ACs
c.
Heat buses
b.
Fans
d.
Heat sinks
Heat Sinks are small components typically made out of aluminum with fins that help to dissipate heat.
Heat sinks are often composed of CNC-machined copper or aluminum, and they contain heat sink fins or pins that enhance the component's surface area to aid in the transmission of heat to the surrounding fluid.
A part known as a heat sink facilitates heat transfer away from a hot device. It accomplishes this by increasing the device's operating surface area and the volume of low-temperature fluid that passes through it.
The main purpose of heat sinks is to increase the surface area of an electronic component that is in direct contact with a coolant. This will enable more heat to be easily dispersed, lowering the operating temperature of the device.
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Which of the three substances has the greatest porosity? a. gravel
b. sand c. silt
d. all are equal please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Gravel is more bigger than sand or silt. Its grains are arranged in such a manner that their integral spaces are very bigger so they are more porous.
A mixture is created when two or more compounds are mixed while maintaining the chemical identities of each component. The components of a combination do not interact chemically, in other words. Mixtures are classed on the basis of consistency and agreement between the particle sizes of the components.
The characteristics of sand and gravel when they are mixed are the same as when they are not mixed. A sieve can separate the sand and gravel since gravel is larger than sand.
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How does the organic portion of soil form?
The sequential breakdown of dead materials and changed organic matter produces humus, a more complex organic compound. This process is known as humification. Humus has an effect on soil characteristics.
A complex balance of weathered rock, water, air, and decomposed organic matter must be perfected to create organic soil with the ideal degrees of drainage, aeration, and plant life support.
Humus, the organic component of soil, is made up of both living and dead microbes, as well as decaying plants and animals. Humus improves soil structure while also providing minerals and water to plants.
On farms, the two main sources of organic matter are animal manures and plant litter, which includes plant roots, twigs, leaves, and mulch. Microbes and earthworms break down these compounds. Plant roots can absorb nutrients that are released during the breakdown process.
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The gradual breakdown of dead objects and changed organic matter results in humus, a more complex organic compound. This process is known as "humification". Humus affects the characteristics of soil.
A precise balance of weathered rock, water, air, and decomposed organic matter must be managed to generate organic soil with the proper degrees of drainage, aeration, and plant support.
Humus, the organic part of the soil, is composed of living and extinct microorganisms, dead and decaying plants and animals, and other organic components. Humus improves soil structure in addition to providing plants with nutrients and water.
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Illustrate the relationship between the acceleration due to gravity and the force of gravity on your lander. What happens to acceleration as force increases? Explain and illustrate their relationship using a graph.
The force of gravity causes items to fall toward the ground. The force of gravity accelerates items as they descend to the ground. Velocity is a measure of the speed and direction of motion, and acceleration is a change in velocity.
What is gravity?The force that pulls items toward the centre of a planet or other entity is called gravity. All of the planets are kept in orbit around the sun by gravity.
Things fall toward the earth due to the force of gravity. As objects fall to the ground, gravity accelerates their descent. Acceleration is a change in velocity, while velocity is a measurement of the speed and direction of motion.
The acceleration that the Earth gives to things on or near its surface is known as gravity, and it is represented by the Greek letter g. This acceleration is expressed in square metres per second in SI units.
Thus, this is the basic relationship between acceleration due to gravity and the force of gravity.
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A sample of steel is composed of 5 percent carbon and 95 percent iron. Which is the solvent? O iron O carbon steel O Steel is not a solution. It is a mixture. O A solid cannot be a solvent
Iron is the solvent.
In general, Solvent can is known as the substance which is having an ability for dissolving the solute that can form solution with it. on the other hand solute is the substance which generally gets dissolved, in the solvent which is a dissolving medium. Hence, Solutions can be made out of many different types and forms of solutes and solvents.
So , we can say that Solvent are substances that gets dissolves in the solute, forming a solution. Solvent can also be liquid but can also be a solid, a gas other type of fluid. Example of the best solvent is water because of its polarity and ability to form hydrogen bonds, it is capable of dissolving in to many different kinds of molecules.
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On the electromagnetic spectrum what two types of waves are microwaves between?
infrared waves and radio waves
infrared waves and x-rays
visible waves and infrared waves
gamma rays and ultraviolet waves
On the electromagnetic spectrum, two types of waves are microwaves infrared waves, and radio waves. The correct option is A.
What is the electromagnetic spectrum?The range of electromagnetic radiation frequencies, their wavelengths, and photon energies are referred to together as the electromagnetic spectrum.
In the electromagnetic spectrum, radio waves have the longest wavelengths and frequently have frequencies of 300 gigahertz or less. An area of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum is known as infrared radiation (IR), also known as just infrared.
Therefore, the correct option is A. infrared waves and radio waves.
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Answer:
infrared waves and radio waves
Explanation:
What is a short-term climate cycle?
Short-term climate changes also include those brought on by the ocean and atmosphere interacting. . Because the amount of solar energy received by Earth at various latitudes varies throughout the year, seasons develop.
Short-term climate changes also include those brought on by the ocean and atmosphere interacting. Seasons. Because the amount of solar energy received by Earth at various latitudes varies throughout the year, seasons develop. Climates all throughout the world are impacted by these changes in wind, current, and ocean temperature. Changes often last a year or two, while climate refers to the area's typical long-term weather patterns. The average weather for a specific area and time period, often averaged over a 30-year period, is how some scientists describe climate. Sea surface temperatures will rise. More heat energy will emerge from this, increasing the likelihood that tropical cyclones may form. Warming also causes increased evaporation, which increases the frequency of heavy rain and snowfalls and causes floods.
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Short-term climatic changes are those brought on by the interaction of the ocean and atmosphere. There are frequently abrupt shifts in the climate. Example: El Nino and La Nina, season chagne.
The oscillation between the El Nino and La Nina conditions is the biggest and most significant of short time climate change. The ENSO (El NiNo Southern Oscillation) is the name of this cycle.
The western Pacific Ocean gets warmer than usual during an El Nino. The trade winds shift as a result of this. Rather than from east to west, the prevailing winds from west to east.
Typically, La Nina comes after El Nino. Whenever the Pacific Ocean becomes colder than usual, it happens. The trade winds are as they would be on an average year. From east to west, they blow. The winds, however, are more powerful during a La Nina. In the western Pacific, cooler water gathers.
Another most typical short-term cycle is the change in seasons. Seasons develop as a result of variations in the quantity of solar energy that Earth gets at various latitudes throughout the year.
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Rank the following ions in order of decreasing radius: Be2+, Mg2+,Ca2+,Sr2+, and Ba2+. Use the periodic table as necessary. Rank from largest to smallest radius. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them. View Available Hint(s) G |Ba²+ Be? Sr? Mg? Ca?
The order of decreasing radius for the ions is Ba2+ > Sr2+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Be2+.
Ba2+ > Sr2+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Be2+
Be2+ has the smallest radius because it is the smallest element on the periodic table and has a full octet.
Mg2+ has the next smallest radius because it is the next smallest element on the periodic table and has a full octet.
Ca2+ has the next smallest radius because it is the next smallest element on the periodic table and has a full octet.
Sr2+ has the next smallest radius because it is the next smallest element on the periodic table and has a full octet.
Ba2+ has the largest radius because it is the largest element on the periodic table and has a full octet.
The order of decreasing radius for the ions is Ba2+ > Sr2+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Be2+.
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Hypothesis Theory Law a description that predicts what happens, but does not explain how an explanation that has been tested and verified an untested explanation based upon observation or known facts A botanist guesses, but has not verified that plants with one red-flowered and one white-flowered parent will have pink flowers Scientists, after many experiments, state that matter is composed of atoms
A Hypothesis Theory Law is described as a group of presumptions that attempt to explain the cause and effect of an event.
A hypothesis is an unfinished or proposed explanation that needs more information. A combination of specific cause and effect and norms might be referred to as law. The aforementioned statements therefore fall under the category of a description that foretells what will happen but does not explain how law, Following experiments, scientists claim that atoms make up matter in theory.
A hypothesis is an unproven explanation supported by observations or known facts. Botanists speculate, but have not confirmed, that plants with one parent having red flowers and the other having white blooms will have pink flowers. A hypothesis that has been tested but unproven.
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the following name is incorrect. select the correct iupac name. 3−ethyl−3−octen−5−ol a) 6-ethyl-5-octen-4-olb) 6,6-diethyl-5-hexen-4-olc) 1,1-diethyl-1-hexen-1-ol
Option (A) is correct. The correct IUPAC name is 6-ethyl-5-octen-4-ol.
The correct form of IUPAC name should have the maximum number of substituents of the suffix functional group. The functional group should have a suffix unlike halogen substituents. If more than one functional group is present then one with highest group precedence should be used. It should have the maximum number of multiple bonds. Functional group should have the maximum length. It should have the maximum number of branches designated as prefixes. It should have the maximum number of single bonds. This follows the IUPAC naming.
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