Answers
The maximum efficiency that a heat engine could have when operating between the normal boiling and freezing temperatures of water is 26.8 %
η = ( [tex]T_{H}[/tex] - [tex]T_{C}[/tex] ) / [tex]T_{H}[/tex] * 100
η = Efficiency
[tex]T_{H}[/tex] = Hottest temperature
[tex]T_{C}[/tex] = Coldest temperature
Hottest temperature = Boiling point
Coldest temperature = Freezing point
[tex]T_{H}[/tex] = 100 °C = 373 K
[tex]T_{C}[/tex] = 0 °C = 272 K
η = ( 373 - 273 ) / 373 * 100
η = 100 / 373 * 100
η = 26.8 %
In a heat engine, the heat energy is converted into mechanical energy which will be used to do mechanical work like pushing a piston out from the cylinder.
Therefore, the maximum efficiency that a heat engine could have when operating between the normal boiling and freezing temperatures of water is 26.8 %
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Related Questions
Two identical point charges exert a repulsive force of 0.500 N on one another when separated by 1.5 m. What is the magnitude of the net charge of either point charge?
Answers
Given,
The repulsive force exerted by the charges, F=0.500 N
The distance between the charges, d=1.5 m
From Coulomb's law,
[tex]F=\frac{\text{kqq}}{r^2}[/tex]Where q is the magnitude of the charge of each point charge and k is the coulomb's constant.
On rearranging the above equation,
[tex]\begin{gathered} F=\frac{kq^2}{r^2} \\ \Rightarrow q=\sqrt[]{\frac{F}{k}}r \end{gathered}[/tex]On substituting the known values,
[tex]\begin{gathered} q=\sqrt[]{\frac{0.5}{9\times10^9}}\times1.5 \\ =1.1\times10^{-5}\text{ C} \end{gathered}[/tex]Thus the magnitude of the charge of each point charge is 1.1×10⁻⁵ C
Therefore the correct answer is option B.
Shown in the figure, are electric field lines around two point charges. The two charges might be which of these? A)two protons B)a proton and an electron C)two electrons D)two croutons E)two neutrons
Answers
Given:
A figure of the electric field lines.
To find:
The nature of the charges.
Explanation;
The electric field lines always start at a positive charge. And the electric field lines always end at a negative charge. If there is a single charge, the field lines may start at infinity or end at infinity.
Electric field lines also do not form closed loops. They do not cross each other.
In the figure, the field lines start at the blue charge and end at the charge represented by the color yellow.
Therefore the blue charge is positive and the yellow charge is negative.
Final answer:
Therefore the correct answer is option B.
The Diagram shows the forces involved as a student slides a water bottle across the desk in front of them to their friend. Based on the image, in which direction is there friction? (ignore the selected answer it’s random)
Answers
Answer:
Left.
Step-by-step explanation:
The force of friction opposes the motion of an object, causing moving objects to lose energy and slow down. Therefore, the friction goes to the left.
An object has an excess charge of −1.6 × 10−17 C. How many excess electrons does it have?
Answers
Given:
The charge on the object is
[tex]q=-1.6\times10^{-17}\text{ C}[/tex]Required: Number of electrons
Explanation:
The number of electrons can be calculated using the quantization of charge
[tex]q\text{ = ne}[/tex]Here, n is the number of electrons
e is the charge on the electron whose value is
[tex]e\text{ = -1.6}\times10^{-19}\text{ C}[/tex]
On substituting the values, the number of electrons will be
[tex]\begin{gathered} n=\frac{q}{e} \\ =\frac{-1.6\times10^{-17}}{-1.6\times10^{-19}} \\ =100 \end{gathered}[/tex]Final Answer: The object has an excess of 100 electrons.
In terms of area, about how much more pizza is given if the diameter is 12 inches compared to one with a diameter of 8 inches?
Answers
B. 2.3 times more
Explanation:The pizza is circular in shape
The diameter of the large-sized pizza, d₁ = 12 inches
Tha area of the large sized pizza is calculated as:
[tex]\begin{gathered} A_1=\frac{\pi{d^2_1}}{4} \\ A_1=\frac{\pi{12^2}}{4} \\ A_1=\frac{\pi{144^{}}}{4} \\ A_1=36\pi\text{ in}^{2} \end{gathered}[/tex]The diameter of the small-sized pizza, d₂ = 8 inches
The area of the small-sized pizza is calculated as:
[tex]\begin{gathered} A_2=\frac{\pi{d^2_2}}{4} \\ A_2=\frac{\pi{8^2}}{4} \\ A_2=\frac{64\pi{}}{4} \\ A_2=16\pi\text{ in}^{2} \end{gathered}[/tex]Ratio of A₁ to A₂
[tex]\begin{gathered} \frac{A_1}{A_2}=\frac{36\pi{}}{16\pi} \\ \frac{A_1}{A_2}=2.25 \\ \frac{A_1}{A_2}=2.3(to\text{ the nearest 1 dp)} \end{gathered}[/tex]The 12 inches pizza is 2.3 times more than the 8 inches pizza
A 0.327-kg model rocket accelerates at 35.7 m/s/s on takeoff. Determine the upward thrust experienced by the rocket
Answers
The upward thrust of the rocket is determined as 11.67 N.
What is the upward thrust of the rocket?The upward thrust of the rocket is calculated by applying Newton's second law of motion as shown below;
F = ma
where;
m is the mass of the rocketa is the upward acceleration of the rocketSubstitute the given parameters and solve for the upward thrust of the rocket.
F = (0.327 kg) x (35.7 m/s²)
F = 11.67 N
Thus, the upward thrust of the rocket is determined as 11.67 N.
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The radioactive isotope 14C has a half-life of approximately 5715 years. Now there are 50g of 14C.(1) How much of it remains after 1600 years? (Round your answer to three decimal places.)
Answers
We know that the amount of matter is given by:
[tex]N=N_0e^{-\lambda t}[/tex]where λ is the decay constant. The decay constant is related to the half-life of the element by the equation:
[tex]\lambda=\frac{\ln2}{t_{\frac{1}{2}}}[/tex]Then we can express our first equation as:
[tex]N=N_0e^{-\frac{\ln2}{t_{\frac{1}{2}}}t}[/tex]Plugging the initial amount, 50 g, the half-life of 5715 years and the time we want to know we have that:
[tex]\begin{gathered} N=50e^{-\frac{\ln2}{5715}(1600)} \\ N=41.181 \end{gathered}[/tex]Therefore, after 1600 years there are 41.181 g
Based on the circuit voltage and the wattage consumption,determine the approximate ampere rating of the followingappliances. Remember amps = watts divided by voltage.a = w÷ VRound to the nearest whole amp.1. AC Compressor on a 240 volt line and using 5,000 watts, amps =_____2. baseboard heater on a 120 volt line and using 1,200 watts, amps =_____3. vacuum cleaner on a 120 volt line and using 500 watts, amps =______4. blender on a 115 volt line and using 300 watts, amps5. toaster on a 120 volt line using 1,100 watts, amps =_____
Answers
Given:
1.
The voltage of AC compressor is V = 250 V
The power of the AC compressor is P = 5000 W
2.
The voltage of the baseboard heater is V = 120 V
The power of the baseboard heater is P = 1200 W
3.
The voltage of the vacuum cleaner is V = 120 V
The power of the vacuum cleaner is P = 500 W
4.
The voltage of the blender is V = 115 V
The power of the blender is P = 300 W
5.
The voltage of the toaster is 120 V
The power of the toaster is P = 1100 W
Required:
1. The approximate ampere rating of the AC compressor.
2. The approximate ampere rating of the baseboard heater.
3. The approximate ampere rating of the vacuum cleaner.
4. The approximate ampere rating of the blender.
5. The approximate ampere rating of the toaster.
Explanation:
1. The approximate ampere rating of the AC compressor can be calculated as
[tex]\begin{gathered} I\text{ = }\frac{P}{V} \\ =\frac{5000}{240} \\ =20.833\text{ A} \\ \approx21\text{ A} \end{gathered}[/tex]2. The approximate ampere rating of the baseboard heater can be calculated as
[tex]\begin{gathered} I=\frac{1200}{120} \\ =\text{ 10 A} \end{gathered}[/tex]3. The approximate ampere rating of the vacuum cleaner can be calculated as
[tex]\begin{gathered} I\text{ = }\frac{500}{120} \\ =4.2\text{ A} \\ \approx4\text{ A} \end{gathered}[/tex]4. The approximate ampere rating of the blender can be calculated as
[tex]\begin{gathered} I\text{ =}\frac{300}{115} \\ =2.6\text{ A} \\ \approx3\text{ A} \end{gathered}[/tex]5. The approximate ampere rating of the toaster can be calculated as
[tex]\begin{gathered} I\text{ =}\frac{1100}{120} \\ =9.2\text{ A} \\ \approx\text{ 9 A} \end{gathered}[/tex]Final Answer:
1. The approximate ampere rating of the AC compressor is 21 A.
2. The approximate ampere rating of the baseboard heater is 10 A.
3. The approximate ampere rating of the vacuum cleaner is 4 A.
4. The approximate ampere rating of the blender is 3 A.
5. The approximate ampere rating of the toaster is 9 A.
Which part of the rock cycle can only occur because of thermal convection?
1. Magma changing to igneous rock
2. Igneous rock changing to metamorphic rock
3. Metamorphic rock changing to sedimentary rock
4. Sediment changing to sedimentary rock
Answers
Answer:
magma changing to igneous rock
Explanation:
In rock formation, there are several processes involved which could include sedimentation, melting, crystallization, etc but there is a part of the rock cycle that can only occur because of thermal convection which is magma changing to igneous rock.
This occurs when the heat from inside the earth and cooler temperature moves the rock in its liquid state which is known as convection and can also be defined as a cycle of heat transfer from where the hot material rises and the cool material condenses.
The period of a simple harmonic oscillator is the time it takes for one complete cycle of oscillation to be completed. Is this true or false?
Answers
Yes, the given statement is true.
The period of a simple harmonic oscillator is the time it takes for one complete cycle of oscillation to be completed.
I need help with some questions to study them for midterms!
Answers
The correct answer is option C.
The acceleration of an object is defined as the time rate of change of velocity. Velocity is a vector and has magnitude and direction. The change velocity may mean either a change in magnitude or change in direction or both.
Thus an object can have acceleration even when the speed is constant. For example, an object in a circular motion.
Thus the correct answer is option C.
Consider a fluid of density 3.43 g⋅cm−3 flowing through a pipe of varying cross-section. The diameter of the pipe in one section is 9.1 cm, while the diameter in a second section is 12.6 cm. When the diameter of the pipe is 9.1 cm, the flow speed of the fluid is 339 cm⋅s−1 and the pressure is 2.93 × 105 Pa.A)Calculate the flow speed (in m⋅s−1) of the fluid when the diameter of the pipe is 12.6 cm. B)Calculate the pressure (in × 105 Pa) when the pipe has a diameter of 12.6 cm
Answers
Given that the pipe has varying cross-sections.
The diameter of one section is d1 = 9.1 cm and the diameter of second section is d2 = 12.6 cm.
Also, the fluid has the density,
[tex]\rho=3.43gcm^{-3}[/tex]The area of the cross-section for the first section is
[tex]\begin{gathered} A_1=\frac{\pi(d1)^2}{4} \\ =\frac{\pi(9.1)^2}{4}cm^2 \end{gathered}[/tex]The area of the cross-section for the second section is
[tex]\begin{gathered} A_2=\frac{\pi(d2)^2}{4} \\ =\frac{\pi(12.6)^2}{4}cm^2 \end{gathered}[/tex]The flow speed for the first section is v1 = 339 cm s^-1
The flow speed for the second section will be v2.
(a) The flow speed for the second section can be calculated as
[tex]\begin{gathered} A_1v1=A_2_{}v2 \\ v2=\frac{A_1v1}{A_2} \\ =\frac{\pi(9.1)^2\times339\times4}{4\times\pi\times(12.6)^2} \\ =\text{ 176.82 cm/s} \\ =1.7682\text{ m/s} \end{gathered}[/tex](b) The pressure for first section is p1 = 2.93 x 10^5 Pa
The pressure for the second section will be p2.
The pressure for the second section can be calculated by the formula,
[tex]\begin{gathered} p2=p1+\frac{1}{2}\rho\mleft\lbrace(v1)^2-(v2\mright)^2\} \\ =2.93\times10^5+\frac{1}{2}\times3.43\mleft\lbrace(339)^2-(176.82)^2\mright\rbrace \\ =4.36\text{ }\times10^5\text{ Pa} \end{gathered}[/tex]Ahmed wants to measure the weight of an object. What instrument should he use?
Answers
Answer:
a scale
Explanation:
you use it to weigh things
Answer:
its not a scale
Explanation:
10. ABC.Per=1200 NNet Force:Pit=600 NEngen-SONFrid=20 NPry=800 NPrax=800 NF50NWhich situation above would best describe free fall velocity?Which situation above would best describe a crane lifting an object?If situation C had a Fapp of 40N to the right, the net force on the object would beIf situation Chad Fapp of 20N to the right, the forces would be (balanced, unbalanced) and thehorizontal velocity would be (constant, + accelerating, - accelerating). Circle the correct terms
Answers
When the body is under free fall its apperaent weight will be zero.
Therefore
Will mark as brainlist
Which of the following best represents R= A - B ?
Please help, it’s due soon!
Answers
Option C is the best representation for the resultant vector representing the resultant R=A+B because the result is represented by the closing side of the triangle, so it is the correct answer.
What exactly is a vector quantity?A measure with both magnitude and direction It is typically represented by an arrow with the same direction as the quantity and a length proportional to the magnitude of the quantity. A vector, while including magnitude and demand, does not have a position. Vector quantities are physical quantities that are distinguished by the presence of both magnitude and direction. Displacement, force, torque, momentum, acceleration, velocity, and so on. Vector quantities are physical quantities that have distinct magnitude and direction definitions. For example, suppose a boy is riding a bike at 30 km/hr in the north-east direction. In nature, vectors have velocity, acceleration, force, electromagnetic fields, and importance. (Weight is the force produced by gravity's acceleration acting on a mass.) A Scalar is a quantity or phenomenon that has only magnitude and no specific direction.To learn more about vector quantity, refer to:
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why free-fall acceleration can be regarded as a constant for objects falling within a few hundred miles of Earth’s surface.
Answers
How much force must be applied to push a 253.2 kg crate across the floor at a constant velocity if the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.55?
Answers
Given,
The mass of the crate, m= 253.2 kg
The coefficient of the kinetic friction between the floor and the crate, μ=0.55
Given that the crate is pushed with a constant velocity. That is the net force on the crate is zero.
The only two forces acting on the crate are the force with which it is being pushed and the friction that is opposing the applied force.
The net force on the crate is given by,
[tex]\begin{gathered} F_n=0=F-f \\ =F-mg\mu \end{gathered}[/tex]Where f is the frictional force between the floor and the crate, F is the applied force, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
On substituting the known values,
[tex]\begin{gathered} F-253.2\times9.8\times0.55=0 \\ \Rightarrow F=253.2\times9.8\times0.55 \\ =1364.75\text{ N} \end{gathered}[/tex]Thus the force with which the crate must be pushed is 1364.75 N
Hello, I am having a hard time understanding this question, is it possible for you to help me?
Answers
Answer: h = 14 m
Explanation:
From the information given,
weight of rocket = 10N
Recall, weight = mg
Thus, mg = 10
where
m = mass of object
g = acceleration due to gravity and its values is 9.8 m/s^2
At the exact top of the trajectory, the total mechanical energy = 140 J
Recall,
total mechanical energy = kinetic energy + potential energy
At the exact top, kinetic energy = 0
Thus,
140 = potential energy
Recall, potential energy = mgh
where h is the height of the object(in this case, h is the height at the exact top and its value is 140J). Thus,
140 = mgh
Substituting mg = 10, we have
140 = 10h
h = 140/10
h = 14 m
7. Which of the following measurement tools would you need to
determine the temperature of boiling water?
Answers
Answer:Laboratory thermometer
Explanation:
According to the law of conservation of charge which statement can be true?A. A silk cloth gained charge. B. A metal rod lost charge.C. A peice of glass transferred electrons to felt. D. A balloon remains neutrally charged when rubbed.
Answers
Option D
Explanation:The law of conservation of charge states that the amount of charge in a system is constant
This means that as time changes, the amount of charge in a system does not change
By careful consideration of the options stated:
Each of options A to C either shows that charge is lost or gained
Only option D typifies the law of conservation of conservation of charges because charges are not lost or gained by the ballon so described.
Find the volume of a cuboid with the following measurments
Length:4.5 cm Breadth: 2 cm Height: 50 cm
ans is :45,000
But I am not getting the correct ans
please send working
Answers
Answer:
The answer should be 450 cm³
Cannot be 4500 unless one of the measurements is in meters. See detailed explanation below
Explanation:
This is pretty much straightforward
V = l x w x h
where
l = length, w = width, h = height
Given the values for l, w, h
V = 4.5 x 2 x 50
= 450 cm³
The only way you can get 45,000 is if one of the measurements is in meters and others in cm. Please check your question carefully to see what units were used and what units the answer should be in
Energy transformations always produce a wasteful amount of energy called ?
Answers
Energy transformation always produce a wasteful amount of energy called heat energy.
Hence, the answer is heat energy.
What is held in orbit by the gravitational pull of earth
Answers
The international space station.
The moon.
All TV satellites.
All weather satellites.
All GPS satellites.
More than 4000 other artificial satellites.
Thousands of pieces of "space junk"
Answer:
The Moon.
Explanation:
The earths gravity holds the moon in place.
if the dolphin is moving horizontally when it goes through the hoop how high above the water is the center of the hoop
Answers
We are given that a dolphin moves describing a projectile motion. This can be represented in the following graph of position vs time:
Since the dolphin moves horizontally as he goes through the hoop this means that the hoop is at the maximum height of the motion. The maximum height of a projectile motion is given by:
[tex]h_{\max }=\frac{v^2\sin ^2\theta}{2g}[/tex]Where:
[tex]\begin{gathered} h_{\max }=\text{ max}imum\text{ height} \\ v=velocity_{} \\ \theta=\text{ initial angle} \\ g=\text{ acceleration of gravity} \end{gathered}[/tex]Now, we plug in the values:
[tex]h_{\text{max}}=\frac{(10\frac{m}{s})^2(\sin (41))^2}{2(9.8\frac{m}{s^2})}[/tex]Solving the operations:
[tex]h_{\max }=2.2m[/tex]Therefore, the hoop is at 2.2 meters above the water.
5. Draw a transverse wave with two wavelengths and label amplitude, crest, trough, and
equilibrium position.
Answers
A wave is considered to be transverse if its oscillations run counterclockwise to the wave's direction of advance. A longitudinal wave, on the other hand, moves in the direction of its oscillations. Transverse waves include water waves.
A waveform signal's wavelength, which is the distance between two identical locations (adjacent crests) in the succeeding cycles, determines whether it is sent through space or via a wire. This length is typically defined in wireless systems in metres (m), centimetres (cm), or millimetres (mm).
The largest displacement or distance made by a point on a wave or vibrating body relative to its equilibrium position is its amplitude. It is equal to one-half of the vibration path.
The crest and trough of a wave, respectively, are its highest and lowest surface portions. The wave height is the vertical distance between the peak and trough. The wavelength is the horizontal separation between two consecutive crests or troughs.
The horizontal line at the wave's centre stands in for balance. A period is the length of time it takes to complete a cycle, which includes travelling from one peak to another, from one trough to another, or from one equilibrium point to another (both equilibrium points same direction).
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Power equals work multiplied by time.Question 9 options:TrueFalse
Answers
The power in terms of work done and time is defined as,
[tex]P=\frac{W}{t}[/tex]Thus, power is is workdone per unit time.
Hence, given statement is false.
A) the frictional force F newtonsB)The resultant normal reaction of the surface on the metal block
Answers
Given:
The mass of the block is.
[tex]m=10\text{ kg}[/tex]The tension on the rope is,
[tex]T=100\text{ N}[/tex]The angle with the horizontal is,
[tex]\theta=60^{\circ}[/tex]The block is moving with constant speed.
as the block is moving with constant speed, the net force on the block will be zero.
Part (A)
we can write in the horizontal direction the component of the tension will be equal to the frictional force and we write,
[tex]\begin{gathered} T\cos 60^{\circ}=F \\ F=100\cos 60^{\circ} \\ F=50\text{ N} \end{gathered}[/tex]Hence the frictional force is 50 N.
\\
Part(B)
The resultant normal reaction will be,
[tex]\begin{gathered} N=T\sin 60^{\circ}-mg \\ =100sin60^{\circ}-10\times9.8 \\ =-11.4\text{ N} \end{gathered}[/tex]hence the resultant normal reaction is -11.4 N.
A small object of mass 0.500 kg is attached by a 0.440 m-long cord to a pin set into the surface of a frictionless table top. The object moves in a circle on the horizontal surface with a speed of 5.34 m/s.What is the magnitude of the radial acceleration of the object? What is the tension in the cord?
Answers
Given data:
* The mass of the object attached is m = 0.5 kg.
* The radius of the circle is r = 0.44 m.
* The speed of the object moving in circular motion is v = 5.34 m/s.
Solution:
(a). The radial acceleration of the object is also known as the centripetal acceleration of the object.
The value of centripetal acceleration in terms of the velocity of the object is,
[tex]a_c=\frac{v^2}{r}[/tex]Substituting the known values,
[tex]\begin{gathered} a_c=\frac{5.34^2}{0.44} \\ a_c=64.8ms^{-2} \end{gathered}[/tex]Thus, the radial acceleration of the object is 64.8 meters per second squared.
(b). The tension in the chord is equivalent to the centripetal force acting on the object which helps it to move in the circular motion.
Thus, the tension acting on the chord is,
[tex]F=ma_c[/tex]Substituting the known values,
[tex]\begin{gathered} F=0.5\times64.8 \\ F=32.4\text{ N} \end{gathered}[/tex]Thus, the tension acting in the chord is 32.4 N.
An airplane traveling at 1008 meters above the ocean at 135 km/h is going to drop a box of supplies to shipwrecked victims below. How many seconds before the plane is directly overhead should the box be dropped?
Answers
The horizontal velocity of the airplane is,
[tex]v=135\text{ km/h}[/tex]The height of the airplane is,
[tex]h=1008\text{ m}[/tex]The vertical initial velocity of the box is zero as the airplane is moving in the horizontal direction.
let the time to reach the victim is t.
we can write,
[tex]\begin{gathered} h=\frac{1}{2}gt^2 \\ t=\sqrt[]{\frac{2h}{g}} \end{gathered}[/tex]Substituting the values we get,
[tex]\begin{gathered} t=\sqrt[]{\frac{2\times1008}{9.8}} \\ =14.3\text{ s} \end{gathered}[/tex]Hence the required time is 14.3 s
Megan kicks a soccer ball with a mass of 2 kg. The ball leaves the ground moving 50 meters per second. What is the kinetic energy of the ball?
Answers
ANSWER
[tex]2500J[/tex]EXPLANATION
The kinetic energy of a body is the energy it possesses due to its motion and it can be found by applying the formula:
[tex]E=\frac{1}{2}mv^2[/tex]where m = mass, v = velocity
From the question:
[tex]\begin{gathered} m=2\text{ kg} \\ v=50\text{ m/s} \end{gathered}[/tex]Therefore, the kinetic energy of the ball is:
[tex]\begin{gathered} E=\frac{1}{2}\cdot2\cdot50^2 \\ E=2500J \end{gathered}[/tex]