which statement is true? eukaryotic and prokaryotic flagella are very similar in structure eukaryotic flagella spin like propellers prokaryotic flagella are made of microtubules both prokaryotic and eukaryotic flagella are attached to a basal body all are true

The two information graphs in the image show that not all enzyme event occurred at the same temperature range.

A biological catalyst called an enzyme is usually still a protein. It stimulates a certain chemical process inside the cell. The enzyme is consistently consumed during the reaction and is not destroyed.

In the human body, proteins aid in quickening chemical changes. Among countless other activities, they are crucial for respiratory, food metabolism, and the function of the nervous system and muscles. Multiple enzymes can be found inside each of the body's cells.

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Cancer is a disease of the cell cycle because it is characterized by abnormal and uncontrolled cell growth. The cell cycle is the process by which cells divide and replicate themselves in order to grow and repair tissues in the body.

Normally, the cell cycle is regulated by a complex network of signaling pathways and checkpoints that ensure that cells divide in a controlled and orderly manner. However, in cancer cells, this process becomes deregulated, and cells can divide and grow in an uncontrolled manner.

A tumor is a mass of abnormal cells that have grown out of control. Tumors can be benign, which means they are not cancerous and do not spread to other parts of the body, or malignant, which means they are cancerous and can spread to other parts of the body.

Benign tumors are usually not life-threatening, but malignant tumors can be very aggressive and can lead to serious health complications if not treated.

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C) The function of a stomate on the leaf's lower surface is very similar to that of the cell membrane cell structure.

By altering the size of the stomatal pore, stomata control water loss and regulate gas exchange between the plant and the environment. Numerous environmental factors, including light intensity, CO2 concentration, and relative humidity, influence this stomatal movement.

Leaves' stomata are in charge of making room for moisture and gas exchange. Plants' gas exchange and transpiration are controlled by guard cells. As a result, they are in charge of how stomata open and close.

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The function of a stomate, which is located on the underside of a leaf, is very similar to that of a cell membrane.

Stomata regulate diffusion of gases in between plant and the environment and limit water loss by adjusting the size of such stomatal pore. This stomatal movement is influenced by a variety of environmental conditions, including luminance, CO2 concentration, and humidity.

Stomata on leaves are in charge of generating space for gas exchange and moisture absorption. Guard cells regulate the transpiration and gas exchange of plants. They control the opening and closing of stomata as a consequence.

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The maturation of ovarian follicles to ready one of them for release during ovulation is a part of the follicular phase of the female menstrual cycle.

The follicular phase is sometimes referred to as the proliferative phase since endometrial alterations are occurring at the same time. Your ovaries hold an evolving egg during the follicular phase that they will later release during ovulation. The end of your follicular phase is a particularly fertile time, and having intercourse increases your chances of becoming pregnant during this time.The follicular phase is the first half of your menstrual cycle. Your ovaries have sacs called follicles that house eggs. The follicles chosen for that particular month begin to mature throughout this phase of your cycle.

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The US Census - (a) characterizes the population according to demographic variables.

Census includes the total process of collecting, compiling, analyzing, evaluating, publishing and disseminating statistical data regarding the population and housing and their geographical location.

The U.S. Constitution mandates that an apportionment of representatives among the states must be carried out every 10 years. Therefore, apportionment is the original legal purpose of the decennial census, as intended by our Nation's Founders.

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According to demographic factors, the population is described by the US Census (a).

The whole process of gathering, assembling, analyzing, evaluating, publishing, and disseminating statistical information on the people, housing, and their geographic location is included in a census.

Every ten years, as required by the U.S. Constitution, the states' representatives must be allocated. As a result, the Founders of our country intended for apportionment to be the original legal aim of the decennial census. The objective is to count everyone accurately, once, and only once.

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Muscular force is an essential component for lifting heavy weights. It involves the coordinated contraction of muscular fibers to generate strength, power, and endurance required for executing such actions.

This force is generated through a process called contractile tension, which occurs when muscles are stimulated by electrical currents generated in nerve cells.

To lift a heavy weight, coordination of multiple muscle groups is needed to generate enough power without overloading or injury during the exercise. Depending on the type of exercise being performed and the intensity of the weight being lifted, different levels of muscular force may be necessary to effectively move the load.

Additionally, proper form and technique should be used while lifting in order to avoid injury while maximizing results.

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The correct answer is

1. Protects against abrasion: contains melanin, which absorbs damaging UV light;

2. Protects against abrasion: acts as a heat insulator;

3. Produce secretions that create an environment unsuitable for some microorganisms;

4. Protect the ends of the fingers and toes from damage; can be used in defense.

The skin is the body's first line of defense against abrasion and other external damage. It contains melanin, which absorbs damaging UV light, and acts as a heat insulator. The sweat and oil glands in the skin produce secretions that create an environment unsuitable for some microorganisms. The nails of the fingers and toes protect the ends of the fingers and toes from damage, and can be used in defense.

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The statement 'leafy sea dragons use their leaf-like projections to help them find food' is false.

Leafy sea dragons may have leaf-like protrusions, but they do not use them to find food. Instead, the leaf-like projections are used to camouflage them from predators. Hence, the statement above is false.

Leafy sea dragons blend in with the seaweed and other vegetation that surrounds them, making it difficult for predators to spot them.

Leafy sea dragons may look like they are using their leaf-like projections to find food, but in reality they are using their eyes and their ability to sense movements in the water. These projections are actually used to help them blend in with their environment and avoid predators.

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Mitosis is a process in which a mother cell will give two daughter cells with the same amount of genetic material as the initial one. In the attached image are the different phases of mitosis.

In mitosis the division of the cell nucleus is generated keeping intact the amount of genetic material that is contained in the chromosomes. It is known as a cell multiplication process that cells use to generate more tissue for growth or regeneration.

Mitosis will have different phases in which all this cell division is generated, within these we have:

- Interphase: in this phase the duplication of DNA and organelles in the cell will be generated

- Prophase: DNA condensation is generated, then forming chromosomes.

- Prometaphase: the nuclear envelope dissolves and microtubules begin to spread into the space of the cell.

- Metaphase: the centromeres begin to congregate in the equatorial plane, thus forming two poles in the cell

- Anaphase: the chromosomes are distributed equally in the two poles due to the traction of the microtubules

- Telophase: it is a process of reversion of prophase and prometaphase

- Cytokinesis: the division of the cell is generated in the two daughter cells.

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The statement "the elements of proteins include C, H, O, N, and P" is false. The elements in proteins are C, H, O, and N.

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen make up proteins (CHON). DNA and RNA are examples of nucleic acids that include carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus (CHON P).

For the efficient operation of muscles, nerves, etc., the body also requires trace amounts of other elements, such as calcium, potassium, and sulfur.

Therefore, it is untrue to say that proteins contain the building blocks C, H, O, N, and P. Proteins contain the elements C, H, O, and N.

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Diffusion between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm has diminished. Which most accurately sums up the chemistry of a plant cell wall? the Golgi system.

The majority of animal cells secrete materials into the extracellular space, resulting in the formation of the extracellular matrix, a complex protein and carbohydrate meshwork (ECM). Collagen is a protein that makes up a significant portion of the extracellular matrix.

A dynamic organelle that surrounds the cell is called extracellular matrix. It is a matrix of protein and carbohydrate polymers that stops cell lysis and enables the establishment of a hydrostatic pressure inside the cell, which gives the plant mechanical support.

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Answer:

Should be B.The fossil is younger than the layer of rock it was formed in.

Explanation:

The body needs to maintain a steady flow of oxygen in order to stay in equilibrium. The kidneys' secretion of the hormone erythropoietin will encourage the bone marrow to make more red blood cells.

Solids and liquids make up your blood. Water, salts, as well as protein make up the plasma, which is the liquid component. Your blood contains more than 50% plasma. Red blood cells, white blood cells, as well as platelets make up your blood's solid portion. Your tissues and organs receive the oxygen from your lungs through red blood cells (RBC).

The protein haemoglobin, which is responsible for delivering oxygen throughout your bloodstream and containing the red pigment heme that gives human blood its red hue, is what gives blood its color. Heme, a molecule that carries oxygen from the lungs to those other regions of your body, has an iron atom that binds to oxygen.

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The nucleotide sequence of a polynucleotide chain is called the Primary   structure.

Polynucleotides are lengthy chains of nucleotides such as DNA and RNA, whereas polysaccharides are polysaccharides united by a glycosidic linkage and polypeptides are small polymers of amino acids linked together by an amide bond. The following are some examples of Advanced Materials:

Polynucleotides include DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). DNA is made up of two spiral chains of polynucleotides that are organised in a helical pattern, whereas RNA is a single-stranded molecule.

Polynucleotides are lengthy chains of nucleotides such as DNA and RNA, whereas polysaccharides are polysaccharides united by a glycosidic linkage and polypeptides are small polymers of amino acids linked together by an amide bond.

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Answer: North Carolina is the most ecologically unique state in the southeast because its borders contain sub-tropical, temperate, and boreal habitats.

Explanation: Although the state is at temperate latitudes, the

Appalachian mountains and the Gulf Stream influence climate and, hence, the vegetation (flora) and

animals (fauna).

The tissue culture process typically begins with the selection of an appropriate cell or tissue source. This is often from an animal, but can also be from a plant or even a human source.

Once in the laboratory, the tissue is then treated with a series of steps to prepare it for culture. This process may include the removal of unwanted materials, such as proteins and other compounds, that can interfere with the culture process. The tissue is then placed in a sterile environment and incubated, usually at a temperature of 37°C, and a nutrient medium is added to provide the cells with the necessary nutrition to grow.

Once the cells are grown, they can then be manipulated to produce a desired outcome. This can include the introduction of external factors, such as hormones or drugs, which can alter the behavior of the cells. Cells can also be genetically modified to produce a desired result.

The tissue culture process is highly important in the field of biotechnology. It is used to produce large quantities of cells for use in research, as well as for the production of medicines and other products. Tissue culture also provides a platform for studying the behavior of cells and tissues in a controlled environment, allowing for the study of diseases and other conditions.

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A gene is a section of DNA containing a sequence of amines.

Each gene of any segment  on DNA contains instructions to make one specific protein with order of amino acids coded by the precise sequence of amines which are heterocyclic in structure on the nucleotides. Since proteins have a variety of functions including those of enzymes, therefore mistakes in the primary sequence of amino acids in proteins may have lethal effects.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) which is  synthesized from a gene segment of DNA which ultimately contains the information on the primary sequence of amino acids in a protein to be synthesized.The messenger RNA carries the code into the cytoplasm where protein synthesis occurs.

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One of the most common cancer treatments is radiation. Radiation treatment is also known as radiation therapy, radiotherapy, irradiation, and x-ray therapy.

explanation:

Radiation may be the preferred treatment for certain cancers that either radiation or surgery can cure. This is because radiation causes less damage and the affected body part is more likely to function normally after treatment.

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The glucose molecules in starch must first be disassembled before they can enter a cell. Once inside the cell, the glucose molecules can be used to fuel cellular respiration processes.

Amylase and maltase convert starch and glycogen into glucose. The enzymes sucrase and lactase break down lactose (milk sugar) and sucrose (table sugar).

Simple sugar monomers are the building blocks of starch, which are macromolecules. Since they are microscopic, cells can only absorb tiny particles. As a result, starch seems to need to be metabolized and converted into components that cells can absorb. Therefore, starch must be broken down into simple sugars before it can enter a cell.

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According to carcinogenesis theory, the development of cancer can be broken down into three stages: the beginning, the promotion, and the progression.

Oncogenesis (carcinogenesis) is the process by which normal cells become cancerous. Despite decades of research, cancer development remains a complex process. No single event causes cancer, a common explanation. Multiple sources say several processes turn normal cells into cancerous ones.

Most healthy cells follow a cell cycle or life cycle.

Cell division starts the cell cycle. External and internal signals control cell cycle progression. Interrupting these signals can change cells.

The three-stage carcinogenesis theory is a popular explanation for cancer. Cancer development has three stages: initiation, promotion, and progression. The theory is mostly used for teaching because it lacks biological markers for each stage.

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Statements (1) Mechanical barriers physically block pathogens from entering the body and (2) The skin is the most important mechanical barrier are true about mechanical barriers.

The mechanical barriers of the innate immune defense system can be defined as a group of initial barriers that impede the entry of pathogenic agents such as for example bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc., to the interior of the human body and therefore they also help to avoid infections as a pre-defense system. These barriers include for example the mucous epithelia that cover part of the digestive system or the respiratory airways.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that the mechanical barriers of the innate immune defense system may protect against the entry of pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria) and agents (viruses) in order to provide a pre-defense barrier.

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Mitosis is categorized as a form of asexual reproduction. Meiosis is categorized as a form of sexual reproduction. Mitosis results into formation of clones.

Cell division is the process through which a parent cell divides into two equal daughter cells. Cell division usually occurs as a part of a larger cell cycle in which the cell which grows and replicates its chromosome before dividing.

Mitosis is categorized as a form of asexual reproduction. Meiosis is categorized as a form of sexual reproduction.

The offspring created by mitosis are considered to be clones because they are exact copies of their parents.

Clones are not created during meiosis in the cells. Clones are exact copies however, in meiosis there is an exchange of genetic material and chromosomes take place between cells.

Gametes are the sex cells which are produced through meiosis in the organisms which reproduce through sexual mode of reproduction.

Human gametes should contain 23 chromosomes each. This number would be considered the haploid number for humans. After fertilization, the fertilized egg is referred to as a zygote.

All the cells except gametes (sex cells) are diploid in nature (2n). They are produced through mitosis of cells.

Gametes or sex cells have 'n' number of chromosomes. These gametes undergo fusion during fertilization to produce '2n' zygote.

If an organism has an 'n' of 32, then in its somatic cells there will be '2n' chromosomes which is equal to 32 × 2 = 64 chromosomes. The number of chromosomes in its gametes is 32.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The 2n and 3n cells will both have 6 chromosomes; however, the 2n cell will have 3 different types of chromosomes and the 3n cell will have 2 different types of chromosomes.

When we write a ploidy number the "n" refers to the number of different types of chromosomes in a set and the number that precedes "n" indicates the number of sets present.

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In the human retina, messages go from receptors at the back of the eye to the b. bipolar cells.

The bipolar cells of the human retina in the eye are specialized cells hat work together to send signals as images in order to be processed by the brian and thus form we can see.

The bipolar cells of the human retina in the eye are mainly located between photoreceptor cells which can be divided according to their particular features into cone cells and rod cells of the eye.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that the bipolar cells of the human retina in the eye are capable of transmitting the signals in the retina which is required to process this information by the brain and thus form the image.

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Astrobiology is considered a sub-discipline of microbiology because life elsewhere in the universe is likely to be microbial, which is option a, and astrobiology contains the study of the origin, evolution, etc.

It is the study of origins and evolution and is considered a sub-discipline of microbiology because it is believed that if any life forms exist on another planet, they are microbes because they can survive in a wide range of extreme conditions.

Hence, astrobiology is considered a sub-discipline of microbiology because life elsewhere in the universe is likely to be microbial, which is option a, and astrobiology contains the study of the origin, evolution, etc.

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An athlete will know his body is using fermentation to produce the energy needed because he will catch a cramp due to this process.

what is Aerobic fermentation?

Aerobic fermentation or aerobic glycolysis is a metabolic process by which cells metabolize sugars via fermentation in the presence of oxygen and occurs through the repression of normal respiratory metabolism.

Fermentation enables cells to produce chemical energy from the breakdown of sugar, e.g. glucose, without the help of oxygen. That gives anaerobic (obligate, facultative, or aerotolerant) organisms the advantage of thriving in anoxic (without oxygen) environments that would rather be harsh for aerobic organisms.

Lactic acid produced in the body due to fermentation causes cramp in some parts of body and through this the athlete will know his body is using fermentation to produce the energy.

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Gliding and condyloid joints are the two main types of synovial joints in the human body. Gliding joints are located in between flat bones, such as those found in the ankles, wrists, vertebrae and jawbone.

These small joints enable a smooth gliding motion when motion is applied. Condyloid joints consist of an oval-shaped end of a bone fitting into another oval-shaped concave surface on another bone; this type of joint has wide range movements, enabling flexing and extending motions to occur. They can be found at the wrist and elbow joints, where the radius or ulna meets proximal carpals or humerus respectively.

In addition, they can be found where structures such as the medial cuneiform meet with cuboid and navicular bones.

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