The globus pallidus, substantia nigra and putamen are the parts of the basal ganglia.
What is basal ganglia and what are the parts of basal ganglia?Basal ganglia are a group of nuclei responsible for specific functions and roles as other ganglia are.The motor functions are the responsibility of basal ganglia as these are the group of subcortical nuclei.Here in the question is asked the parts of basal ganglia and the answer would be globus pallidus, substantia nigra and putamen.The pallidum is the basal ganglia consisting of two nuclei , and the only basal ganglia consisting of two nuclei.Hence the structures and the parts of basal ganglia are globus pallidus, substantia nigra and putamen.To know more about basal ganglia visit:
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The complimentary base pairs for ACT are
Chargaff's rule, also known as the complementary base pairing rule, states that DNA base pairs are always adenine with thymine (A-T) and cytosine with guanine (C-G). A purine always pairs with a pyrimidine and vice versa. However, A doesn't pair with C, despite that being a purine and a pyrimidine.
Explanation:Complementary base pairs refer to the nitrogenous bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. in a double strand of DNA, adenine will always pair with its complement thymine and cytosine will always pair with its complement guanine. This means that the two strands are complementary to each other. For example, a strand of DNA with a nucleotide sequence of AGTCATGA will have a complementary strand with the sequence TCAGTACT.
Answer:
cytosine with guanine
Explanation:
what does it mean for two codons to be synonymous?group of answer choicesthey share two of the same nucleotides in their codon sequence.they encode the same amino acid.they share one of the same nucleotides in their codon sequence.they occur in equal abundance in an mrna sequence.they are adjacent on the mrna.
Synonymous codons are different codons that encode the same amino acid.It has been demonstrated for all creatures that the distribution of these codons in a genome is not random, despite the fact that synonymous codons encode the same amino acid.
What does it mean for two codons to be synonymous?
The ratio of the observed codon frequency to the anticipated frequency, assuming that all synonymous codons for the same amino acid are used equally, is known as relative synonymous codon usage, or RSCU. Previously, it was believed that synonymous variants, which are codon substitutions that do not modify the encoded amino acid, had no impact on the characteristics of the protein that was made. The mRNA is then dragged into the ribosome, where it is translated into an amino acid sequence utilizing the tRNAs as adaptors to add each amino acid in the proper order to the end of the expanding polypeptide chain when its codons come into contact with the ribosome's active site. The entire collection of codons is referred to as the genetic code. Each codon stands for a single amino acid (or stop signal).There are 64 different three-letter nucleotide sequences that can be created from the four nucleotides, or permutations, that make up the genetic code. Each codon gives the cell instructions on whether to begin building a protein chain, add a particular amino acid to the expanding protein chain, or stop building a protein chain altogether.For instance, the messenger RNA codon GCA indicates that alanine will be added to the protein chain. Synonyms are codons that both encode the same amino acid.The redundancy or degeneracy of the genetic codon is the term used to describe this particular characteristic of genetic code.Only twenty amino acids can be linked to the 64 potential codons in an organism. Protein sequences are altered by nonsynonymous mutations, which are commonly exposed to natural selection.The same is true for nonsense mutations that cause CDSs to contain premature stop codons (coding sequences).However, synonymous mutations are intuitively believed to be neutral in terms of evolution and functional silenceSynonymous mutations occur when the DNA sequence that codes for the amino acids in a protein sequence is altered without altering the amino acid that is encoded.These modifications typically take place in the third position of a codon because of the genetic code's redundancy (many codons represent the same amino acid).To learn more about amino acid refer
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What is the probability of the parents having a child who is homozygous dominant for this trait?
0%
25%
50%
75%
There is a 25% chance that the parents will have a child who is homozygous dominant for this feature.
One of the characters in the supplied question possesses both the Y dominant allele and the Y recessive allele. The trait encoded as Yy cross with Yy is heterozygous in both parents.
The intersection of Yy X Yy
One in four children will have a recessive trait if both parents only have one copy of the recessive gene.
Children are born: YY: 2Yy: yy
For dominant, homozygotes would be represented. - YY
Thus, one YY out of every four offspring.
(1/4)*100
= 25%
Therefore, 25% would be the probability.
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In peas, side flowers are dominant over end flowers. Cross a homozygous recessive plant with a heterozygous plant. (4 pts)
Genotype: Phenotype:
(Create Punnett square pls)
According to the Punnet square, if side flowers are dominant over end flowers, then crossing a homozygous recessive plant (pp) with a heterozygous side flowers Pp will produce dominant flowers Pp and over-end flowers pp in proportion 1:1.
What is the Punnet square?The Punnet square is a graphical representation used in genetics to denote the genotypes and phenotypes that are expected from a given genetic cross.
In this case, the genetic cross in the Punnet square occurred between pea side flowers (heterozygous dominant Pp) and homozygous recessive over-end flower plants (pp) is equal to:
P p
p 1/2 Pp 1/2 pp
Therefore, with this data, we can see in the Punnet square that the cross between a homozygous recessive plant (pp) with a heterozygous plant Pp will produce dominant Pp flowers and recessive pp flowers (50% each one or 1 to 1 proportion in progeny).
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you have a pea with a dominant spherical phenotype, but with an unknown genotype. in a test cross, what kind of pea would you cross with the unknown to determine the unknown genotype?
Test crosses can be used to determine the genotype of an organism. In test mating, an individual of an unknown genotype is mated with a homozygous recessive individual.
Purple flowering pea plants can have the genotype PP or Pp. The white-flowered pea genotype is pp. Punnett squares are one of the easiest ways to determine genotype. The squares are actually mini-charts used to determine potential genotypes of offspring in relation to specific traits. Test crosses are used to determine the genotype of plants with dominant expression when the trait is not known to be homozygous or heterozygous.
The phenotype of the offspring reflects the allelic content of the gametes of the heterozygous parents. Test mating examines the genotype of organisms that exhibit a dominant phenotype for a particular trait. In a test cross, an organism with an unknown genotype but a dominant phenotype is crossed with a homozygous recessive organism of the same trait.
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why are mhc molecules able to bind a variety of peptides? 1. the peptide-binding groove of a specific mhc molecule can bind several peptides simultaneously 2. the mhc genes undergo somatic recombination to produce thousands of mhc molecule variants 3. mhc bind very loosely and transiently to peptide antigens, so a wide variety of peptide antigens can bind any specific mhc molecule 4. a small number of amino acids in the peptide antigen bind specifically to complementary pockets in the mhc molecule binding groove
how might the cost of medical technology influence the choices to people?
Answer: so how might the cost of medical technology influence the choices of people? Well that would depend on how exexpensive what was needed how much was needed how bad in ininflation
Explanation:
Researchers generally agree that medical technology has contributed to rising health care costs (1-3). Health insurance removes financial barriers to consumers, thus raising demand for technology and inducing providers to offer a more expensive mix of services.
1. what happens if the number of cod decreases?
2. What would happen if the phytoplankton were removed?
3.
Aquatic ecology would collapse without phytoplankton. Carbon levels would rise if plankton disappeared, causing climate change. Phyotplanktons may generate dangerous algal blooms if cod numbers drop (HABs).
What is phytoplankton?In the same way as terrestrial plants possess chlorophyll and are dependent on sunlight for their survival and growth, phytoplankton, which are sometimes referred to as microalgae, are found in aquatic environments. The vast majority of phytoplankton are buoyant, which allows them to float in the upper layers of the ocean where the sunlight can reach them.
When there is an excessive amount of nutrients available, phytoplankton have the potential to grow out of control and produce toxic algal blooms (HABs). These blooms have the potential to produce exceedingly poisonous chemicals, which can have a negative impact not just on fish and shellfish, but also on animals, birds, and even humans.
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ONLY AND ONLY REALLY SMART PEOPLE;)
Hey there!
We have the three states of matter, labelled in the picture, called gases, liquids, and solids.
But did you know that there are terms and explanations as to how a material's state can change?
Gases changing into a liquid is called condensation. This occurs when warm air collides with cold surfaces, making the cold surface 'sweat' from the warm air. We see this in the early mornings when the sun starts cooling up the grass, which was colder because of the night.
Liquids changing into a gas is called vaporization. This occurs when liquids are usually approached to a high enough temperature in which it exceeds their boiling point, and the tighter liquid molecules drift off wandering around. When molecules wander around enough, they can vaporize and turn into a gas.
Liquids turning into a solid is called freezing. This happens because in colder temperatures, molecules cannot move as quick because they are mimicking their environment; they actually clump up together because they are cold (think about it as them warming themselves up with each molecules around them!) and become a solid.
Solids turning to a liquid is called melting. When something at it's freezing point (when it is a solid) and it loses that freezing point and gets warmer, the molecules can now move around much more freely, which means that it can become a liquid.
Solids turning into a gas is called sublimination. Think of the snow droplets turning into water vapor immediately in the air. This is an example of sublimination, where a good amount of heat is given and skips the liquid phase.
Gas turning into a solid is called deposition. We already thought about the snow; so let's think of the water vapor turning into snow in the air, the opposite reaction; this is due to the excessively extreme cold air that was given to the water vapor that made it skip the liquid phase.
In this problem, we see that a block of ice is turning into water.
We can conclude that it is turning from a solid to liquid.
However, why does this occur? Like we learned before, this process is called melting; and this occurs when something that was colder than water's freezing point (32°F or 0°C) is applied warmth (which is energy) from the air to the ice, the ice will melt into a liquid. The molecules are no longer constricted to this firm slow movement and can freely move around.
Therefore,
1. The ice will melt because the air is too warm to sustain the ice's climate.
2. This happens because since the climate is presumed to be above the water's freezing point, the ice will no longer be able to maintain it's phase.
3. The ice left out would be a phase change of solid to liquid.
4. This phenomenon is called melting.
Use a real life example on why competition has a negative effect on population numbers
Answer:
why is this even a question? are u trying to commit a genocide?
Explanation:
Basically competition is a conflict, conflict is a strife, strife is deadly, deadly is also death meaning competition is lowering our population by squashing fat men and women. loose weight
(20!!!!! PLS HELP)Select the type of inheritance pattern that is best described below:
Independent genes at four different loci are responsible for determining an individual’s HLA tissue tip, important in organ transplants and certain diseases.
a. Pleiotropy
b. Codominance
c. Polygenic Inheritance
d. Multiple Alleles
e. Incomplete Dominance
Polygenic Inheritance in which independent genes at four different loci are responsible for determining an individual's HLA tissue type, important in organ transplants and certain diseases.
Polygenic inheritance refers to the inheritance of a trait governed by more than one genes. More then three genes govern the inheritance of polygenic traits. Multiple independent genes have an additive or similar effect on a single quantitative trait.
Human height and color of skin and eyes occurs due to several genes, so it is an example of polygenic inheritance. The HLA system is inherited in a Mendelian manner and extensively polymorphic half are inherited from your mother and half from your father.
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when a decrease in blood pressure is detected by the central nervous system, the central nervous system triggers several changes that will return the blood pressure to its set point. this is an example of
When the central nervous system detects a drop in blood pressure, it initiates a series of changes that return the blood pressure to its normal level. This is an illustration of negative feedback.
What detects blood pressure changes and allows the nervous system to respond?
Baroreceptors (or venta trial stretch receptors) are pressure sensors in the heart's right atrium that detect changes in blood pressure and volume when it returns to the heart. Those same receptors transmit information to the central nervous system via the vagus nerve (10th cranial nerve).
Baroreceptors detect decreased arterial pressure and initiate a sympathetic response. Due to this, the heartbeat and cardiac contractility speed up, raising blood pressure in the process.
Therefore, the central nervous system triggers several changes that will return the blood pressure to its set point in negative feedback.
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In blank______, the relationship between a conditioned stimulus and its conditioned response is changed.
According to the research, the correct answer is counterconditioning. In counterconditioning, the relationship between a conditioned stimulus and its conditioned response is changed.
What is counterconditioning?It is the variety of classical conditioning in which a stimulus already endowed with a motivational significance and evocative of a contradictory response is used as a signaling or conditioned stimulus.
In this sense, the response to the reinforcing stimulus, as a result of which the first becomes the stimulus conditioning the second and changes its effective sense and response accordingly.
Therefore, we can conclude that in Counterconditioning two stimuli can be associated even though they elicit opposite motivational responses.
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does The replication of DNA occur during anaphase?
To answer this question we need to remember a little of the cell cycle and the cell division process. When cell division starts (Prophase) the DNA condensates and forms chromosomes, at this point DNA, has to be already duplicated because when acquires a condensed form it can't be replicated or transcribed. Therefore replication occurs before, this is during the S phase (synthesis) of the cell cycle, previous to any phase of mitosis and meiosis.
Answer:
No, the replication of DNA does not occur during anaphase. DNA replication occurs during the synthetic phase (S phase) of the Interphase.
Relate dark matter to the development of the universe after the Big Bang. In 3-5 sentences, speculate on how the development of the universe would have been different if there had been no dark matter. In your answer, use the term structures.
The development of the universe would not be able to move or function if there had been no dark matter.
What is Universe?This is referred to as the space, energy and matter present in space and is also everything we can feel, touch or see. Examples of the constituents include stars, planet etc and they have their unique properties and functions.
Without the presence of the dark matter in the universe, there will be no formation of the larger versions of those galaxies and the universe won't be able to move or function thereby making it the correct choice.
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which statement about linkage of genes is false? genes on the same chromosome that are far apart have a higher recombination frequency than those that are close together. crossing over results in recombinant phenotypes. crossing over between two linked genes can alter phenotypes of progeny. genes on the same chromosome are said to be linked. genes on the same chromosome assort independently.
The genes are most likely near to one another .The likelihood that two genes will be inherited together increases as they get more closely spaced.
Two genes are likely near to one another if they are on the same chromosome and infrequently assort independently. The alleles of two distinct genes are sorted into gametes independently of one another, according to Mendel's law of independent assortment. An allele for one gene does not affect the allele for another gene that a gamete acquires.
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A bacterium that is exposed to a toxin in its environment can make an enzyme to neutralize the toxin. The bacterium controls protein synthesis to produce the enzyme by activating an inducible operon. The activation of the operon causes the transcription of the mRNA that codes for the enzyme. The mRNA is then translated to make the specific enzyme needed to neutralize the toxin.
What phenomenon is demonstrated in this example?
A
Evolution by natural selection
B
Cell differentiation by prokaryotes
C
Adaptation to external stimuli
D
Regulation of gene expression
The phenomenon that is demonstrated in this example is adaptation to external stimuli. That is option C.
What is adaptation?Adaptation is defined as the ability of an organism to adjust to its every changing environment in order to survive and reproduce.
From the example given in the question, the bacteria was exposed to a toxin in its environment but the bacteria was able to adapt through the production of an enzyme the neutralises the toxin.
The bacteria was able to produce the neutralising enzymes through activating an inducible operon that causes the transcription of the mRNA that codes for the enzyme.
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imagine a population of beetles. white beetles are easier for birds to see and eat. gray beetles blend into their surroundings, so they are less visible to birds than white beetles. as a result, gray beetles are more likely to survive and reproduce, enabling the gene for gray coloration to be passed on to the next generation. this increases the frequency of genes for gray coloration in the population. which evolutionary process does this scenario describe?
The evolutionary process that is described below that causes the frequency of genes for gray coloration in the population to increase is natural selection.
Natural selection can be described as a process in which organisms that are better able to survive in an environment are able to pass on their characteristics to their offspring.
In the scenario above, as gray species were better able to survive in an environment hence their frequency increased over time. On the other hand, the white beetles were not able to survive better in this environment and hence their frequency decreased over time. Hence, through natural selection, the gray species of beetles were favored more than the white ones.
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Describe how molecules enter and leave a cell WITHOUT the use of energy.
Answer: In simple diffusion, small noncharged molecules or lipid soluble molecules pass between the phospholipids to enter or leave the cell, moving from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration (they move down their concentration gradient).
Explanation:
a researcher discovers a new species of fungus that forms hyphae, but not septa. this fungus also lacks multicellular fruiting bodies and does not appear to form either endomycorrhizae or ectomycorrhizae with plants. how should this fungus be classified?
This fungus should be classified as a zygomycete.
As eukaryotic creatures, fungus has membranes-bound organelles and distinct nuclei in each of their cells. Fungi have been separated from plants because they lack chlorophyll and differ from plants in terms of specific structural and physiological characteristics, such as cell wall and cell membrane components. Historically, fungi were considered to be part of the plant kingdom. Additionally, the main ways that fungus develop vegetatively and consume nutrients clearly distinguish them from all other living things, including animals. Fungi develop from the tips of the filaments (hyphae) that form the bodies of the organisms (mycelia), and they outwardly decompose organic materials before incorporating it into their mycelia.
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how does cleavage differ from normal mitosis? a. the growth phases between divisions are faster. b. there are no growth phases between divisions. c. it occurs faster than normal mitosis. d. it occurs slower than normal mitosis.
Cleavage differs from mitosis by b. there are no growth phases between divisions.
In the field of biology, cleavage can be described as a division by which a zygote or a fertilized egg divides. On the other hand, the process of mitosis occurs in the mature cells of an individual through which the chromosomes divide. The process of cleavage allows the zygote to rapidly divide. The very first of the divisions of the zygite are termed to be cleavage where the process of mitosis keeps on occurring as long as an organism is alive.
The process of mitosis has growth phases such as the interphase. On the other hand, there are no growth phases in the cleavage.
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corals host dinoflagellate symbionts called , which, when expelled, result in coral bleaching. because neither the coral nor its symbiont can survive alone, this relationship is called
Corals host dinoflagellate symbionts called expelled, result in coral bleaching because neither the coral nor its symbiont can survive alone, this relationship is called dinoflagellates provide nutrients from the products of photosynthesis which are essential for zooxanthellae survival.
What is endosymbiotic dinoflagellates?The endosymbiotic dinoflagellates are found in the bodies of corals. These endosymbiotic dinoflagellates are called zooxanthellae and are immobile. Being autotrophic, zooxanthellae carry out photosynthesis to produce the organic food required for corals.
Death of endosymbiotic dinoflagellates deprives the coral of organic nutrients leading to their death. This is why the endosymbiotic dinoflagellates are required for survival and productivity of coral reefs.
Therefore, Corals host dinoflagellate symbionts called expelled, result in coral bleaching because neither the coral nor its symbiont can survive alone, this relationship is called dinoflagellates provide nutrients from the products of photosynthesis which are essential for zooxanthellae survival.
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What was the average for the SKIN temperature change?
Answer:
Normal skin temperature for healthy adults ranges between 92.3 and 98.4 Fahrenheit or 33-37 Celsius, far lower than the 98.6 F average core temp. Changes in skin temperature may
Suppose you are given two liquids and told that one
is a compound and the other is a mixture. How might you determine
which was which? Describe one method you could use.
By using the distillation process, we can discriminate between a chemical and a solution. Distillation can be used to separate elements, however a compound cannot be separated in this way.
What is explain distillation?Distillation is a process that turns a liquid into a vapour, which is then condensed back into a liquid state. The simplest illustration of it is when steam from a kettle condenses into drops of distilled water that are left on a cold surface.
Why is distillation used?A chemical is purified through distillation by being separated from a non-volatile or less-volatile substance. Because various compounds frequently have different boiling points, when a mixture is distilled, the components frequently separate from the mixture.
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g you cross the unknown with a wrinkled pea which has a homozygous recessive (rr) genotype. all progeny are spherical. based on these results what is the unknown genotype?
The genetic components that make up an organism's genotype. The term "genotype" also refers to the set of alleles or genetic variations that a person possesses within a certain gene or genetic region.
What is homozygous recessive (RR)?A heterozygous genotype means that an organism has both a dominant and a recessive allele.
This genotype is referred to in our scenario as Bb.
Last but not least, a genotype in which there are two recessive alleles in an organism is known as homozygous recessive.
Heterozygosity, as opposed to homozygosity, has two distinct alleles.
Our parents appeared in various guises to you.
When two alleles are heterozygous, the dominant allele wins out over the recessive one.
Therefore, the dominant characteristic will emerge.
We are carriers even though we won't exhibit the recessive trait.
the parts of an organism's genome that make up its genotype.
The set of alleles or genetic variations that a person possesses inside a certain gene or genetic area is also referred to as their genotype.
Therefore, the genetic components that make up an organism's genotype. The term "genotype" also refers to the set of alleles or genetic variations that a person possesses within a certain gene or genetic region.
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What is net productivity?
Answer:
it's the rate at which energy is stored as biomass by plants or other primary producers and made available to the consumers in the ecosystem.
Which one of the following organisms eats an omnivore in this food web?
- shiner
-backswimmer
-water cricket
-water flea
Compression creates what type of feature in a rock? *
A. Mud slides and water slides
B. synclines and anticlines
C. Mid oceanic ridges and tornadoes
D. strike-slip faults and normal faults
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Identify the cell organelles found only in plant cells and those found in both animal and plant cells.
Answer:
Animal cells each have a centrosome and lysosomes, whereas plant cells do not. Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts and other specialized plastids, and a large central vacuole, whereas animal cells do not.
Animals aresingle or multicellular?
Answer:
Animals are multicellular
