When solutions of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide react, they produce sodium chloride and water, and after the completion of the reaction leaves the resulting solution in a warm place. After the water evaporates from the solution and we get the sparkly crystal of NaCl.
What is a neutralization reaction?A neutralization reaction can be demonstrated as a kind of reaction where a basic solution and an acidic solution react with each other to create salt and water.
The acidic strength of the resulting solution can be determined from the pH of the neutralized reaction. When a strongly acidic solution is added to a strongly basic solution the salt produced can be neutral.
When hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide (a strong base), the formed salt is NaCl and H₂O.
[tex]HCl + NaOH \longrightarrow NaCl + H_2O[/tex]
The use of indicator thymolphthalein tells about the completion of the chemical reaction. The dry crystals of sodium chloride can be obtained after the evaporation of water.
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1.0 x 10-10 moles of HCl are added to 1.0 L of pure H2O. What is the pH? A) 10.0B) 8.0C) 1.0D) 0.0E) none of these
Answer:
A. 10
Explanation:
Find its molarityM = n : v (L)
M = 1 × 10^-10 : 1
M = 10^-10
Ionize the HCl compoundHCl => H^+ + Cl^-
then, the a = 1 ( The amount of Hydrogen ions released during the ionization process)
Find the value of [H^+][H^+] = a × Ma
[H^+] = 1 × 10^-10
[H^+] = 10^-10
Find the pHpH = -log [H^+]
pH = -log 10^-10
pH = -(-10 × 1)
pH = 10
Well, the pH is 10.
Would a 1.0×10−8 M solution of HCl have pH < 7, pH=7, or pH > 7?
pH < 7pH = 7pH > 7
A 1.0 × 10⁻⁸ M solution of the HCl have the pH < 7. The value of the pH for HCl is pH = 6.99.
The concentration of the HCl = 1.0 × 10⁻⁸ M
Total [H⁺] = [H⁺] HCl + [H⁺] water
The HCl is the strong acid , so it completely ionizes.
[H⁺] H₂O = X
Total [H⁺] = X + 1.0 × 10⁻⁸
[H⁺] [OH⁻] = 1 × 10⁻¹⁴
X₂ + 10⁻⁸X - 10⁻¹⁴ = 0
X = 9.5 × 10⁻⁸
Total [H⁺] = 9.5 × 10⁻⁸ + 1.0 × 10⁻⁸
= 1.05 × 10⁻⁷
pH = - log [H⁺]
pH = - log [1.05 × 10⁻⁷]
pH = 6.99.
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MgCO3(aq)+HCl(aq)?MgCl2(aq)+H2O(l)+CO2(g)
Balance each of the following chemical equations. Give your answer as coefficients separated by commas
MgCO₃ (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl₂ (aq) + H₂O (l) + CO₂ (g) is the balanced chemical equation.
A balanced chemical equation is an equation where the number of atoms of each type in the reaction is same on both the sides of the reactant and the product. Law of conservation of mass is determined as the law for balancing a chemical equation.
MgCO₃ (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl₂ (aq) + H₂O (l) + CO₂ (g)
This is an acid-base neutralization. In this reaction MgCO₃ is a base and HCl is an acid. MgCO₃ and HCl are the reactants. The products are MgCl₂, H₂O and CO₂. Co₂ is a colorless odorless and compressed liquefied gas.
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What is the frequency of a
green light with a wavelength
of 520 nm?
[?] × 10
Hz
c = 3.0 x 108 m/s
Hint: Watch your units!
Be sure to enter both the coefficient and the exponent.
Coefficient (green)
Exponent (yellow)
5.77 ×10^14 is the green photon's frequency.
Draw the Lewis Dot Structure for Vinyl Iodide (C2H3I). Be certain to include any lone pairs.
The Lewis Dot Structure for Vinyl Iodide ([tex]C_2H_3I[/tex]) is as follows:
H H I
\ | /
C=C
| |
H
Each carbon atom has 4 valence electrons and each hydrogen atom has 1 valence electron. The iodine atom has 7 valence electrons. In the Lewis structure, the dots represent the valence electrons. In this case, the carbon atoms have 4 dots and the hydrogen atoms have 1 dot and the iodine atom has 3 dots.
The formal charge for each atom in the Lewis structure:
C: 0 (4 valence electrons - 4 electrons in covalent bonds = 0)
H: 0 (1 valence electron - 1 electron in covalent bond = 0)
I: -1 (7 valence electrons - 3 electrons in covalent bond -1 extra electron = -1)
The electron-pair geometry is trigonal planar.
The molecular geometry around the central carbon atom is also trigonal planar, with the three substituents (H, H and I) arranged in the same plane.
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manatees can’t tolerate water colder than what temperature?
Manatees can’t tolerate water colder than 68 Fahrenheit temperature.
Those spending the winter in Florida are always vulnerable to the cold because they are at the periphery of their habitat. Manatees have discovered a workable alternative on the other side of Tampa Bay: Hundreds congregate in a canal warmed by water released from a Tampa Electric Co. power station. They may float in water that is about 78 degrees temperature there to get away from the cold.
Manatee corpses that were unable to reach a warm water sanctuary have started showing up every day. The lab has been extremely busy lately, occasionally studying a dozen manatees per day. Dr. Martine de Wit ascertained the cause of death there. Cold weather often causes the most stress in young manatees, but right now, full-grown adults are passing away.
Their internal processes are turned off by the cold water. Others drowned because they were unable to breathe, and many were unable to eat.
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Identify the molecule with the strongest intermolecular force. H 2o chcl 3 c 6h 6 of 2.
Base on molecule given that is H₂O , CHCl₃, C₆C₆ and OF₂. The strongest intermolecular force is H₂O molecule.
How strong are H₂O , CHCl₃, C₆C₆ and OF₂ intermolecular force?C₆C₆ or Benzene is determine a non polar molecule where the bonded with weak london dispersion forces.CHCl₃ or Trichloro methane is determine as a polar molecule where the bonded with weak dipole dipole interactions.OF₂ or Oxygen difluoride is determine as a polar molecule but the polarities direction has opposite direction that make them cancel out each other. Their bond are weak because of london dispersion forces.H₂O or Water is determine as a polar molecule where the bond is strong in hydrogen bonding.Learn more about intermolecular force here
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How many of the following molecules and ions have a bond order of 12: H2, H2+, H2−, and He22+? How many of the following molecules and ions have a bond order of : , , , and ? 0 1 2 3 4
The molecules and ions have a bond order of 1/2 is : H₂⁺ and H₂⁻. The bond order of the H₂⁺ and H₂⁻ is 0.5.
The bond orders are given below :
1) H₂ :
Bond order = (no. of the bonding electrons - no. of the anti bonding) / 2
= ( 2 - 0) / 2
= 1
2) H₂⁺ :
Bond order = (no. of the bonding electrons - no. of the anti bonding) / 2
= (1 - 0 ) /2
= 0.5
3) H₂⁻ :
Bond order = (no. of the bonding electrons - no. of the anti bonding) / 2
= ( 2 - 1) / 2
= 0.5
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Which has the highest Zeff for its valence electrons?
a. Li
b. F
c. C
d. Na
Answer:
Na(sodium cation) has the highest zeff for its valence electrons.
The effective nuclear charge (Zeff) refers to the net positive charge experienced by the valence electrons in an atom, taking into account the shielding effect of inner electrons. Among the options provided, fluorine (F) has the highest Zeff for its valence electrons.
The higher the Zeff, the stronger the attraction between the valence electrons and the nucleus.
Fluorine has the highest Zeff because it has the highest atomic number among the given elements. As we move across a period in the periodic table from left to right, the atomic number increases, resulting in an increase in the number of protons in the nucleus. This higher positive charge increases the effective nuclear charge experienced by the valence electrons, leading to a stronger attraction between the nucleus and the valence electrons.
Therefore, among the options provided, fluorine (F) has the highest Zeff for its valence electrons.
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How many Atoms are in 3.5 grams of silicon
Which aqueous solution has the highest boiling point?
a. 0.20 M NaCl
b. 0.10 M CaCl2
c. 0.1 M Ga2(SO4)3
d. 0.2 M C6H12O6
The aqueous solution that has the highest boiling point is 0.1 M Ga₂(SO₄)₃. the correct answer is C.
The following formula describes how a solvent's boiling point rises as a result of the presence of a solute:
ΔT = Kxmxi
Where I is the Van't Hoff factor, m is molality, which equals molarity when the solvent is water, and K is the boiling point rising constant (depending on the solute).
Therefore, the solution with the greatest boiling point will be the choice with the higher mxi:
a. NaCl has i = 2 (NaCl dissociates in Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions).
m x i = 0.20x2 = 0.4
b. CaCl₂; i = 3. 3 ions.
mxi= 0.10M x 3 = 0.3
c. Ga₂(SO₄)₃ dissolves in 5 ions. i = 5
mx i = 0.10M x 55 = 0.5
d. C₆H₁₂O₆ has i = 1:
m x i = 0.2Mx1 = 0.2
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What do you already know about DNA??
Answer:
DNA is for deoxyribouclic acid DNA is a polymer made up of monemers called nucleotides The nucleotides are made of: pentose sugar (has 5 carbons) Nitrogenous base (thymine - cytosine - adenine - guanine) Phosphate group (PO4)What is the O-Xe-O bond angle in XeO3? O 109.5° O 90° O 120°O 180°O 60°
The O-Xe-O bond angle in XeO3 is approximately 109.5 degrees. This is due to the fact that the xenon atom is in the highest oxidation state.
In the molecule XeO3, also known as xenon trioxide, there are three oxygen atoms bonded to a single xenon atom. The O-Xe-O bond angle refers to the bond angle formed by the three oxygen atoms as they are bonded to the xenon atom. The bond angle is approximately 109.5 degrees, which is considered a "bent" or "angular" shape. This is due to the fact that the xenon atom is in the highest oxidation state of +8 and it has a high electron XeO3 density due to its large atomic size, this makes the O-Xe-O bond angle smaller than the ideal bond angle of a tetrahedral shape. The XeO3 molecule is polar due to the difference in electronegativity between Xenon and Oxygen atoms.
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in developed countries, the two most deadly sources of indoor pollution are ________.
A) radiation from electronic equipment and pesticides
B) synthetic furniture materials and radiation from electronic equipment
C) radon and cigarette smoke
D) pesticides and cleaning agents
E) pesticides and cigarette smoke
Radon and cigarette smoke are the two most deadly sources of indoor pollution in developed countries.
Through foundational gaps, radon can flow into homes, schools, and other buildings. Lung cancer can develop from inhaling it over time. Smokers who are exposed to radon have a higher risk of lung cancer than non-smokers do. find out more about radon in residences, buildings, and schools.
The second most common cause of lung cancer is radon exposure, and smokers are at much higher risk than nonsmokers. Smokers account for more than 85% of lung cancer deaths from radon exposure.
According to EPA estimates, radon is the leading cause of lung cancer among non-smokers. Radon ranks as the second most common cause of lung cancer overall.
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use of molar concentrations to calculate ph what is the ph of a solution that contains 0.20 m sodium acetate and 0.60 m acetic acid (pka 5 4.76)?
The pH of the solution can be calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH = pKa + log([salt]/[acid])
pH = 4.76 + log(0.20/0.60)
pH = 4.17
What is solution?In such a mixture, a solute is a substance dissolved in another substance, known as the solvent. The concentration of a solute in a solution is the mass of that solute expressed as a percentage of the mass of the whole solution. Often, the solubility in water is expressed in gram/100 mL. A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. The particles of solute in a solution cannt be seen by the nake d eye. When the solvent is water, the word hydration, rather than solvation, is used.
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a(n) ________ digests terminal peptide bonds to release amino acids.
An exopeptidase digests terminal peptide bonds to release amino acids. The exopeptidase cleave the terminal amino acid at the end of the peptide.
The exopeptidase cleave the terminal amino acid at the end of the peptide. The aminopeptidase is exopeptidase that will remove the amino acids at the terminal amino at the end of the peptide bond. An exopeptidase is the peptidase that cleave the terminal peptide bond.
The amino acids are the organic compounds that contains the both functional group , the amino and the carboxylic functional group. The formula for the amino acids is given as :
R
|
H₂N - C - COOH
|
H
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Specific step by step plan for what to do during an earthquake while at home and at school
To solve this we must be knowing each and every concept related to earthquake. Therefore, step by step plan for what to do during an earthquake while at home and at school is given as below.
What is earthquake?An earthquakes (also known as just a quake, tremor, or temblor) is indeed the shaking of the Earth's surface caused by a rapid energy release in the Earth's lithosphere, which produces seismic waves.
What to do in the event of an earthquake:
During an earthquake, be as safe as possible.
Be aware that certain earthquakes are foreshocks, and that a greater earthquake may occur. Reduce your motions.
If you are indoors, drop on the ground, seek refuge behind a sturdy table or even other piece of furniture, and hold until the shaking stops.
Therefore, step by step plan for what to do during an earthquake while at home and at school is given as above.
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What is the structure of 1-cyclopropyl-3-methylcyclopentane?
Answer:
IUPAC NAME
1-cyclopropyl-3-methylecyclopentsne
CHEMICAL FORMULA
C9H16
Consider an electron in the state n=4n=4, l=3l=3, m=2m=2, s=1/2s=1/2.
1)In what shell is this electron located?
2)In what subshell is this electron located?
3)How many other electrons could occupy the same subshell as this electron?
.4)What is the orbital angular momentum LL of this electron? Express your answer in units of ℏ.
5)What is the z component of the orbital angular momentum of this electron, LzLz Express your answer in units of ℏ.
6)
What is the z component of the spin angular momentum of this electron, SzSz Express your answer in units of ℏ.
Answer:
This electron is located in the fourth shell.This electron is located in the l=3 subshell, also known as the p subshell.There could be six other electrons occupying the same subshell as this electron.The orbital angular momentum of this electron is LL = √(l(l+1))ℏ = √(3(3+1))ℏ = √12ℏ = 2ℏ.The z component of the orbital angular momentum of this electron is Lz = mℏ = 2ℏ.The z component of the spin angular momentum of this electron is Sz = m_sℏ = (1/2)ℏ = 1/2ℏ.Explanation:
In quantum mechanics, an electron is described by four quantum numbers: n, l, m, and s. The first quantum number, n, is known as the principal quantum number and determines the energy level or shell in which the electron is located. In this case, the electron is in the n=4 shell.The second quantum number, l, is known as the angular momentum quantum number and determines the subshell in which the electron is located. The possible values of l are 0, 1, 2, ..., n-1, where n is the principal quantum number. In this case, the electron is in the l=3 subshell, which is also known as the p subshell.The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers. Therefore, the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a given subshell is determined by the number of distinct combinations of the remaining quantum numbers, m and s. For a given value of l, there are 2l+1 possible values of m, and two possible values of s (±1/2). Therefore, the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a subshell with l=3 is 2(3+1) = 6. The orbital angular momentum of an electron is given by the formula LL = √(l(l+1))ℏ, where l is the angular momentum quantum number and ℏ is the reduced Planck constant. In this case, the electron has l=3, so its orbital angular momentum is LL = √(3(3+1))ℏ = √12ℏ = 2ℏ.The z component of the orbital angular momentum, Lz, is given by the formula Lz = mℏ, where m is the magnetic quantum number. In this case, the electron has m=2, so its z component of orbital angular momentum is Lz = 2ℏ.The spin angular momentum of an electron is given by the formula Sz = m_sℏ, where m_s is the spin quantum number. In this case, the electron has m_s=1/2, so its spin angular momentum is Sz = (1/2)ℏ = 1/2ℏ.Al+CuSO4 --> Al2(SO4)3+Cu
If 2.34 grams of Al react and the percent yield of Cu is 59.6%what mass of Cu is produced?
I don't understand how to do percent yield backward.
If 2.34 grams of Al react and the percent yield of Cu is 59.6%. The mass of Cu produced is 4.92 g
The balance reaction will be
2Al+ 3CuSO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃+ 3Cu
3 moles of copper sulfate and 2 moles of aluminum react to create 3 moles of copper and 1 mol of aluminum sulfate.
First, we calculate the reactant's moles.
Al is limiting because there is an overabundance of copper sulfate.
Moles Al = 2.34 g /26.98 g/mol = 0.0867 moles
2 moles of Al can generate 3 moles of Cu in a 2:3 ratio.
The result will be
moles 3Cu= 3/2 x 0.0867 = 0.13 moles
Moles are converted to mass as 0.13 mol x 63.5g /mol = 8.26g
That is the potential yield (reaction with 100% yield).
We are aware that (yield generated / theoretical yield) x 100 = yield in percent
We exchange:
(Produced Yield / 8.26g) 100 = 59.6 %
9.71g / (Yield generated) = 0.596
Yield produced = 0.596 X 8.26g = 4.92 g
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A sample of argon gas occupies 105 ml at 0. 871 atm. If the temperature remains constant, what is the volume (in l) at 26. 3 kpa?.
To solve this problem, you can use the ideal gas law, which states:
PV = nRT
where P is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles of the gas, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature of the gas in kelvins.
Since the temperature of the gas remains constant, we can rearrange the ideal gas law to solve for the volume at the new pressure:
V = (nRT) / P
Plugging in the given values, we have:
V = (nRT) / P
= (n * 8.3145 * 273.15) / 26.3
= (n * 22.4) / 26.3
We know that the volume of the gas is 105 ml, so we can set up the following equation to solve for n, the number of moles of gas:
105 ml * 26.3 / 22.4 = n
Solving for n, we find that the number of moles of gas is 0.0141 moles. Now we can plug this value back into the ideal gas law to solve for the volume of the gas at the new pressure:
V = (0.0141 moles * 8.3145 * 273.15) / 26.3
= 22.4 / 26.3 * 0.0141 moles
= 0.0112 moles
This is equivalent to 112 ml. Since 1 litre is equal to 1000 ml, the volume of the gas in litres is 112 ml / 1000 ml/litre = 0.112 litres.\
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QUIZ 1: GOLDEN YEARS TO MASTERS The man responsible for discovering that the atom is mostly space is:
The man responsible for discovering that the atom is mostly space is Ernest Rutherford, who is often referred to as the "father of nuclear physics".
Rutherford developed the Rutherford Model of the Atom, which proposed that the atom consists of a small, dense, positively-charged nucleus, surrounded by a much larger, diffuse, negatively-charged region, filled mostly with empty space. This model was later refined and became the basis of modern atomic theory.
Ernest Rutherford is credited with discovering that the atom is mostly space. He proposed the Rutherford Model of the Atom, which states that the atom is composed of a small, dense, positively-charged nucleus surrounded by a much larger, diffuse, negatively-charged region which is mostly empty space.
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The CHCl3 molecule belongs to the point group C3v. List the symmetry elements of the group and locate them in the molecule.
Ammonia belongs to the symmetry group desig- nated C3v, characterized by a three-fold axis with three vertical planes of symmetry.
What is the order of point group C3v?The primary axis (C3) has an order of 3, while the C3v point group has an order of 6. There are three irreducible representations of the group. The C3v point group and D3 are isomorphic.
Additionally, it is symmetric to the Symmetric Group Sym(3), which is the collection of all orders 3-permutations. The molecule will remain the same if rotated by 3360=120 degrees around its C3 axis of symmetry.
The molecule will remain the same if rotated by 3360=120 degrees around its C3 axis of symmetry. The same molecule results by rotating the supplied molecule by 120 degrees around the axis that runs through the centre of the ring and perpendicular to its plane.
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the formal charge on nitrogen in no3- is ________, where the lewis structure of the ion is:
the number of associated electrons from the number of valence electrons. For nitrogen, the formal charge is 5 - 5 = 0. For each oxygen atom, the formal charge is 6- 6 = 0.Therefore, the formal charge on nitrogen in NO3- is 0.
The formal charge on nitrogen in NO3- is 0, where the Lewis structure of the ion is:
N O
| |
O- O
| |
O O
1. Count the total number of valence electrons for the molecule. In this case, there is 1 nitrogen atom and 3 oxygen atoms, so the total number of valence electrons is 8 + 6*3 = 26.
2. Assign the electrons to the atoms according to the octet rule. Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons, so assign 5 electrons to it. Oxygen has 6 valence electrons, so assign 6 electrons to each of the oxygen atoms.
3. Count the number of electrons that are associated with each atom. Nitrogen has 5 electrons associated with it, and each oxygen atom has 6 electrons associated with it.
4. Calculate the formal charge for each atom by subtracting the number of associated electrons from the number of valence electrons. For nitrogen, the formal charge is 5 - 5 = 0. For each oxygen atom, the formal charge is 6- 6 = 0.
Therefore, the formal charge on nitrogen in NO3- is 0.
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Why are noble gases not part of the electronegativity trend?
Answer:
Because most noble gases do not form compounds, they do not have electronegativities.
How do you know which ion has a larger radius?
[tex]K^+[/tex] having the greatest radius.
Atomic radii and ionic radii of cations exhibit similar patterns.
In the Periodic Table, they rise from top to bottom and from right to left.
A cation must unavoidably lose one electron in order to form. Since it is no longer in the valence shell, the electron is no longer able to protect the nuclear charge. As a result, the cationic radius ought to shrink in relation to the atomic radius.
A specific atom gets reduced and receives electrons into its valence shell when an anion arises, on the other hand. Anions should have a bigger radius than their parent atoms as a result of the valence expanding.
The Periodic Table's lower left corner is closest to the ion with the biggest radius as a result [tex]K^+[/tex].
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The complete question is
How do you know which ion has the largest radius?
[tex]Na^+ , Ga^{+3} , K^+, Mg^{+2}, Ca^{+2}[/tex]
The size of an ion, or more specifically the radius of an ion, can be determined using various methods. In general, the size of an ion is related to its electron configuration, as well as the number of protons and electrons in its nucleus and outermost electron shells.
To determine the size of an ion is to look at the ionic charge. Ions with a larger charge (e.g. +3 or +4) are generally smaller than ions with a smaller charge (e.g. +1 or +2), because the added charge causes the electrons to be pulled more closely to the nucleus. One way to determine the size of an ion is to look at its position in the periodic table. In general, ions in the same group (vertical column) of the periodic table have similar electron configurations and therefore similar sizes. Among ions in the same group, the size of the ion decreases as the atomic number increases. This is because as the number of protons in the nucleus increases, the positively charged protons are pulling the negatively charged electrons closer to the nucleus, which makes the ion smaller.
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Which of these alkali metal oxides has the greatest percent by oxygen mass?
A) potassium oxide
B) sodium oxide
C) cesium oxide
D) lithium oxide
The alkali metal oxides have the greatest percent by oxygen mass is lithium oxide. Therefore, option D is correct.
What is alkali metal ?The chemical elements' lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, and francium make up the alkali metals. Together with hydrogen, they form group 1, which is located in the periodic table's s-block.
All the Group 1 elements are extremely reactive. To keep air and water away from them, they must be stored in oil. When Group 1 elements react with water, they form alkaline metal hydroxides (with a pH above 7). This is why they are referred to as alkali metals.
Thus, option D is correct.
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1. What is the molecular geometry of IBr3? a. Trigonal Bipyramidal b. Tetrahedral c. T-Shape d. Seesaw 2. What is the electron pair geometry of xenon tetrachloride? a. Octahedral b. Square Planar c. Tetrahedral d. Square Pyramidal 3. What is the hybridization of NH3 (Ammonia)? a. sp2 b. sp3 c. sp3d d. sp3d2
IBr3 has a triangular bipyramidal molecular shape. The electron pair form of xenon tetrachloride is also octahedral. Sp2 is produced when NH3 hybridizes (Ammonia).
The molecular geometry of a molecule refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of its atoms. It also offers the general shape of the molecule, along with bond lengths, bond angles, torsional angles, and any other geometrical properties that control the position of each atom. The chemical compound xenon tetrachloride (XeCl 4) belongs to the nonpolar chemical family. The xenon and chlorine bond angles are 90 degrees on the molecule of xenon tetrachloride (with square planar molecular geometry). IBr3 has a triangular bipyramidal molecular shape. The electron pair form of xenon tetrachloride is also octahedral.
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A. Calculate the pH of a 0.10 M solution of barium hydroxide, Ba(OH)2.
B. Calculate the pH of a 0.10 M solution of NaOH.
C. Calculate the pH of a 0.10 M solution of hydrazine, N2H4. Kb for hydrazine is 1.3
A. The pH of a 0.10 M solution of barium hydroxide is 13.3.
B. The pH of a 0.10 M solution of NaOH is 13.
C. The pH of a 0.10 M solution of hydrazine, N2H4 is 10.56.
Why is pH a relevant concept?a metric for determining how basic or acidic a substance or solution is. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH value of 7 is considered neutral on this scale, meaning it is neither acidic nor basic. It is more acidic if the pH value is below 7, and more basic if the pH value is above 7.
A. 1 mole of Ba(OH)_2 gives 2 moles of OH^- ions
The concentration of OH^- ions = 2×0.10 M
The concentration of OH^- ions = 0.20 M
pOH = [tex]-log[OH^-][/tex]
pOH = [tex]-log[0.20][/tex]
pOH = 0.699
Now, we calculate pH value,
pH = 14 - pOH
pH = 14 - 0.699
pH = 13.3
B. 1 mole of NaOH gives 1 moles of OH^- ions
The concentration of OH^- ions = 0.10 M
pOH = [tex]-log[0.10][/tex]
pOH = 1
Now, we calculate pH value,
pH =14 - pOH
pH = 14 - 1
pH = 13
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how and why is the amount of light a controlled variable
Explanation:
Why:
Because if the temperature is held constant during an experiment, it is controlled. Some other examples of controlled variables could be the amount of light or constant humidity or duration of an experiment etc.
How:
The light intensity (how close the light is). Dependant variable - the number of oxygen bubbles given off (the rate of photosynthesis). Controlled variables - the size of the pondweed, the volume of water used and its temperature.
