Answer:
[tex]C\text{ : -0.44 KJ}[/tex]Explanation:
Here, we want to get the amount of heat released in KJ
From the change in enthalpy given and the equation of reaction, we know that 2 moles of HBr would lead to that amount of heat
Now, let us get the actual amount of heat released
We need to get the actual number of moles of HBr produced
Mathematically, we can calculate that by dividing the mass of HBr by its molar mass
We have that as:
[tex]\frac{0.989}{80.91}\text{ = 0.0122 mol}[/tex]From the reaction information:
-72 KJ was released by 2 moles
x KJ would be released by 0.0122 mol
To get the value of x, we have it that:
[tex]\begin{gathered} x\text{ }\times2\text{ = 0.0122 }\times\text{ \lparen-72\rparen} \\ \\ x\text{ = -36 }\times\text{ \lparen0.0122\rparen = -0.44 KJ} \end{gathered}[/tex]Place the following gases in order of decreasing average molecular speed at 300K: He, SF6, SO2, Ar
Temperature is a way to measure the kinetic energy of the molecules of gases. The kinetic energy is a kind of energy that a moving body has. it is related to the mass of the body and the speed they are moving. The kinetic energy can be calculated as:
[tex]E_k=\frac{1}{2}mv^2[/tex]Where Ek is the kinetic energy, m is mass of the molecules and v is the speed of the molecule
Knowing that gasses with the same temperature have same kinetic energy, then gasses with larger mass will move slower and viceversa.
Since the molar mass of those gases are:
He: 4.00 g/mol
SF6: 146.06 g/mol
SO2: 64.066 g/mol and
Ar: 39.948 g/mol
the ligther gasses move faster and the hevier slower, so we just have to order them by increasing mass:
He, Ar, SO2 and SF6
What is the balanced, net ionic equation for the reaction described below?Aqueous sodium phosphate and aqueous iron (III) chloride react to produce aqueous sodium chloride and solid iron (III) phosphate.
A net ionic equation is the one that only includes the ions that are involved in the formation of the solid.
According to the information the solid formed is iron (III) phosphate, and the ions involved are Fe3+ and PO43-.
It means that the net ionic equation is:
[tex]Fe_{(aq)}^{3+}+PO_{4(aq)}^{3-}\rightarrow FePO_{4(s)}[/tex]The correct answer is the second choice.
What is the molarity of ions in a 0.561 M solution of Ca(OH)₂
assuming the compound dissociates completely?
For each particle (molecule) of Ca(OH)2 that was present, assuming full dissociation of the complex, you would get two particles (ions). CaO + H2O equals Ca(OH)2 (2 particles)
A 0.561 M solution contains 0.561 moles of Ca(OH)2 per kilogram of solvent. Ions' molality would be 2 x 0.561m = 1.122m.
How is an ion's molarity determined?The most used unit for expressing solution concentration is molarity (M), which is calculated by dividing the solute concentration in moles by the volume of the solution in liters: M stands for moles of solute per liter of solution.
What does ion molality mean?The kilograms of solvent divided by the moles of ions in the solution is the molality. As an illustration, if You will have 1.0 molal concentration of sodium chloride, for instance, if 1.0 moles of sodium chloride are dissolved in 1.0 kilogram of solution.
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How is chemical weathering different from physical weathering?(30 points)
Chemical weathering forms new substances, while physical weathering does not.
Chemical weathering involves plants and animals, while physical weathering does not.
Chemical weathering requires a reaction with water, while physical weathering does not.
Chemical weathering results in the breakdown of rock, while physical weathering does not.
Answer:
Chemical weathering results in the breakdown of rock, while physical weathering does not.
Explanation:
When a substance such as ice, rushing water, wind, rapid heating or cooling, or plant growth exerts force on a rock, it breaks the rock physically or mechanically. Chemical weathering is the process by which a substance dissolves a rock, resulting in the rock's fragments falling away.
10) Identify the substance as an acid or a base and put an "X" in the box.
l
Identify the substance as an acid or a base and put an "X" in the box lemon juice is the acid sodium hydroxide is the base and ammonia is the weak base and HCl is the strong acid
An acid is the any hydrogen containing substances that is capable of donating a proton to another substances and base is the molecule or ion able to accept a hydrogen ion from acid and acidic substances are usually identified by their sour taste and here given example are lemon juice acidic because they contain high amount of citric acid and sodium hydroxide is the base because they dissociate completely into the solution to form hydroxide ion and ammonia is the weak base because nitrogen atom has electron pair that easily accept a proton and HCl is the strong acid because it dissociate almost completely
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A process that may lead to gamates containing too many or too few chromosomes is called?
(A) Recombination
(B) Crossing over
(C) Karyogenesis
(D) Nondisjunction
Answer:
D) Nondisjunction
Explanation:
Nondisjunction happens when a chromosome pair doesn't separate during meiosis. A result is one of the gamates has to any chromosome, while others have much less.
How many mols of Cl₂ are needed to make 0.6 mols of NaCl according to the
following reaction?
2Na + Cl₂ --> 2NaCl
This type of bond is between two metals described as a "Sea of Electrons'?
Answer:
In the early 1900's, Paul Drüde came up with the "sea of electrons" metallic bonding
Which of the following behaves most like an ideal gas at the conditions indicated?
A H2(g) molecules at 10-3 atm and 200°C
B O2(g) molecules at 20 atm and 200°C
The gas that behaves most like an ideal gas at the conditions indicated is H2(g) molecules at 10-3 atm and 200°C
What is ideal behavior?Recall that a gas is said to show an ideal behavior when the pressure of thee gas is low and the temperature of the gas is high. Recall that, at a high temperature and a low pressure, the interaction that exists between the molecules of the gas is decreased as such the molecules of the gas would tend to move faster.
We can see that the hydrogen gas has a lower pressure at the same temperature hence the interaction that is know to exists between the molecules of the gas is minimal.
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UESTION 14nsider the compound XF. Which of the following is true about the compound?A. If XF is covalent, X could be a metal.B. If XF is ionic, X could be a nonmetal.C. If XF is covalent, the name uses prefixes.D. If XF is covalent, X has a charge of +1.QUESTION 15What are the values of x and y in the compound Agx(CO3)y?O AX= 1, y = 2B. x = 3, y = 1OC. x = 3, y = 2O D.X = 2, y = 1
a. If XF is covalent, X couldn't be a metal. Because covalent bonding occurs between nonmetals. So this alternative is False.
b. If XF is ionic, X could be a nonmetal. Also False. Ionic bonding occurs between a metal and a nonmetal. In this case, we already have a nonmetal, which is F.
c. If XF is covalent, the name uses prefixes. True. When we have a covalent compound, the name of the nonmetal on the left has a prefix indicating the number of atoms of it.
d. If XF is covalent, X has a charge of +1. False. This would happen if it was ionic.
Answer: Alternative "C"
what are the limiting and excess reactants when 26.62 moles of FeS2 react with 59.44 moles of O2
Step 1
The reaction must be completed and balanced as follows:
4 FeS2 + 11 O2 => 2 Fe2O3 + 8 SO2
-------------------------
Step 2
Information provided:
26.62 moles of FeS2
59.44 moles of O2
-------------------------
Step 3
The limiting and the excess reactant
Procedure: by stoichiometry,
4 FeS2 + 11 O2 => 2 Fe2O3 + 8 SO2
4 moles FeS2 ------------ 11 moles O2
26.62 moles FeS2 ------------ X
X = 26.62 moles FeS2 x 11 moles O2/4 moles FeS2
X = 73.20 moles
For 26.62 moles of FeS2, 73.20 moles of O2 are needed, but there are only 59.44 moles so the limiting reactant is O2, and the excess reactant is FeS2.
Answer:
The limiting reactant = O2
The excess reactant = FeS2
Which of the following is a combination reaction?A) C) N2 (g) + 02 (g) → 2NO (g)-BB) KOH (aq) + HNO3 (aq) → HN20 (/) + KNO3 (aq)CA) CaCl2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) → CaSO4 (s) + 2NaCl (aq)DD) AgNO3 (aq) + NaCl (aq) - AgCl (s) + NaNO3 (aq)
Combination (also called synthesis): Where two elements or one compound and one element will bond and form a new compound as a product, the representation for this reaction is:
A + B -> AB
The only option that follows this description of Combination reaction is the first reaction:
N2 + O2 -> 2 NO
How much water needs to be added to 65 mL of 3.0 M stock solution to produce a 1.0 M diluted solution?
To answer this question, we have to use the dilution rule, that is represented by the following equation:
[tex]C1V1=C2V2[/tex]Where C1 and C2 are the initial and final concentrations and V1 and V2 are the initial and final volumes.
Solve the equation for V2 to find the final volume:
[tex]\begin{gathered} V2=\frac{C1V1}{C2} \\ V2=\frac{3.0M\cdot65mL}{1.0M} \\ V2=195mL \end{gathered}[/tex]The final volume of the solutions has to be 195mL. Since we already have 65mL, we need to add 130mL of water to have 195mL in total.
It means that the correct answer is 130mL.
In the following reaction, What quantity in moles of CH₃OH are required to give off 1501 kJ of heat? 2 CH₃OH (l) + 3 O₂ (g) → 2 CO₂ (g) + 4 H₂O(g) ∆H° = -1280. kJ
Taking into account the definition of enthalpy of a chemical reaction, 2.345 moles of CH₃OH are required to give off 1501 kJ of heat
Definition of enthalpy of a chemical reactionThe enthalpy of a chemical reaction as the heat absorbed or released in a chemical reaction when chemicals are transformed into a chemical reaction at constant pressure.
The enthalpy is an extensive property, that is, it depends on the amount of matter present.
Amount of moles of CH₃OHIn this case, the balanced reaction is:
2 CH₃OH (l) + 3 O₂ (g) → 2 CO₂ (g) + 4 H₂O(g)
and the enthalpy reaction ∆H° has a value of -1280 kJ/mol.
This equation indicates that when 2 moles of CH₃OH reacts with 3 moles of O₂, 1280 kJ of heat is released.
If it is required to give off 1501 kJ of heat, you can apply the following rule of three: If 1280 kJ of heat is released by 2 moles of CH₃OH, 1501 kJ of heat is released by how many moles of CH₃OH?
amount of moles= (1501 kJ× 2 moles of CH₃OH)÷ 1280 kJ
amount of moles= 2.345 moles of CH₃OH
In summary, the amount of moles required are 2.345 moles.
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Electrons in atoms exist in particular energy levels. A _______ must be emitted or absorbed to move between energy levels.Question 19 options:A) photonB) electronC) particleD) quantum
Answer: We can complete the sentence as:
"Electrons in atoms exist in particular energy levels. A photon must be emitted or absorbed to move between energy levels" (letter A).
Explanation:
The question requires us to choose the best option to complete the sentence: "A ________________ must be emitted or absorbed to move between energy levels".
Energy levels are fixed distances from the nucleus of an atom where electrons can be found. Energy levels can be compared to stairs in a staircase: we can stand on a step, on the previous step or the next step, but never between them; this is what happens to electrons, as they can occupy one energy level or another but not the space between energy levels.
To move from one energy level to another, an electron must absorb energy (to move to a higher level) or emit energy (to move to a lower level). The energy difference between a lower starting level and a higher ending level must correspond to the energy of a photon of light absorbed in order to make the transition between energy levels possible. Additionally, electrons are usually unstable at excited states (when at a higher energy level that it was initially), and the electron quickly returns to the lower energy level emitting the excess of energy in the form of light (as a photon of light).
Therefore, considering the information above, we can complete the sentence as:
"Electrons in atoms exist in particular energy levels. A photon must be emitted or absorbed to move between energy levels" (letter A).
a.
__K (s) + __Cl2 (g) —> __ KCl (aq)
Balance, and Type of reaction?
[tex]2K_(s) + Cl_2_(g)[/tex] ⇒ [tex]2KCl_(aq)[/tex]
Type of Reaction: Synthesis
What is a synthesis reaction?
When 2 or more substances react to form a single compound.
Two different signs that indicate a chemical action has occurred. What time is showing in the picture on the left what sign is showing on the picture in the right?
The reaction that occurs on the left is called a single displacemt reaction
Calculate the pH if [H+] = 2.79 x 10^-11 M
Answer:
10.6.
Explanation:
What is given?
[H⁺] = 2.79 x 10⁻¹¹ M.
Step-by-step solution:
Let's see the formula of pH:
[tex]pH=-\log_{10}[H^+]=-\log_{10}[H_3O^+].[/tex]Where [H⁺] is the proton concentration in M. So we have to replace the given data in the formula:
[tex]pH=-\log_{10}{}\lbrack2.79\cdot10^{-11}]=10.55\approx10.6.[/tex]The pH of a [H⁺] = 2.79 x 10⁻¹¹ M solution would be 10.6.
What is TRUE about expert witnesses?
A.
They offer personal and professional knowledge.
B.
They are not allowed to practice their testimony.
C.
They are required to link all evidence to the crime.
D.
They have all written a book about their area of expertise.
The true statement about is expert witnesses that they are required to link all evidence to the crime.
So, option C is correct.
Who are expert witnesses?An expert witness is described particularly in common law countries such as the United Kingdom, Australia, and the United States, is a person whose opinion by virtue of education, training, certification, skills or experience, is accepted by the judge as an expert.
Expert witnesses are required or expected to to link all evidence to the crime.
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- 47 Celsius to kelvin
Answer
226 K
Explanation
To change from C to K, you add 273
Therefore -47 C + 273 = 226 K
T
How do I write the Empirical Formula for: A compound composed of: 9.93% carbon, 58.6% chlorine, and 31.4% fluorine
The empirical formula for a compound composed of 9.93% carbon, 58.6% chlorine, and 31.4% fluorine is CCl₂F₂.
To write the empirical formula, let us assume that total mass of the compound is 100 g, then-
Mass of carbon = 9.93 g
Mass of chlorine = 58.6 g
Mass of fluorine = 31.4 g
We know that,
Molar mass of Carbon = 12.0 g/mol
Molar mass of Chlorine = 35.5 g/mol
Molar mass of Fluorine = 18.9 g/mol
Now, we will calculate the number of moles of each using the formula -
Number of moles = Given mass
Molar mass
Moles of Carbon = 9.93 g = 0.82 mol
12.01 g/mol
Moles of Chlorine = 58.6 g = 1.65 mol
35.5 g/mol
Moles of fluorine = 31.4 g = 1.66 mol
18.9 g/mol
Now, divide each value with the smallest amount of mole we got,
carbon = 0.82 = 1
0.82
chlorine = 1.65 = 2
0.82
fluorine = 1.66 = 2
0.82
Therefore, the empirical formula of the compound can be written as - CCl₂F₂
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Will the artificial cell become more flaccid, more turgid, or stay the same?
Options:
A) The artificial cell will burst.
B) The artificial cell will stay the same.
C) The artificial cell will become more flaccid.
D) The artificial cell will become more turgid.
The correct answerwer is option D.
D)The artificial cell will become more turgid.
What is a cell?
The cell is the basic building block of all living things. The human body contains many cells and they provide structure for the body. They take in nutrients from the food and convert them to energy for the body. they also carry out specialized functions.
Artificial cells are engineered particles that look like natural biological cells. example proteins, genes, enzymes, etc
Flaccid cells are shrunken cells while turgid cells are stretched due to the absorption of water.
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What is true about the atoms at the start of a chemical reaction compare to the atoms at the end of a net reaction?
The question requires us to comment on what happens to the atoms in a chemical reaction considering the Law of Conservation of Mass.
The Law of Conservation of Mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. In other words, although the atoms in the reactants rearrange in order to form the products, the mass of both products and reactants must be the same.
Therefore, we can say that, considering the Law of Conservation of Mass, the atoms at the start of a chemical reaction are rearranged compared to the atoms at the end of the reaction, but the mass of reactants and products do not change.
What is the correct name-formula pair for calcium (II) oxide?
The chemical formula of calcium (II) oxide is CaO, wherein the valency of both oxygen and calcium is two.
What is chemical formula?Chemical formula is a way of representing the number of atoms present in a compound or molecule.It is written with the help of symbols of elements. It also makes use of brackets and subscripts.
Subscripts are used to denote number of atoms of each element and brackets indicate presence of group of atoms. Chemical formula does not contain words. Chemical formula in the simplest form is called empirical formula.
It is not the same as structural formula and does not have any information regarding structure.It does not provide any information regarding structure of molecule as obtained in structural formula.
There are four types of chemical formula:
1)empirical formula
2) structural formula
3)condensed formula
4)molecular formula
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Suppose you have an Avogadro’s number of potassium. How many grams does this represent?
According to the given statement one mole of potassium has a mass of 39.1 g.
Briefing:Each element's atomic weight is listed in a periodic table along with how many grams (or an Avogadro number) are needed to make one mole of atoms. Since potassium has an atomic weight of 39.0983 g/mole, a mole of potassium weighs 39.1 g.
What is Avogadro's number explain?Avogadro's number, which is equal to 6.02214076 * 10²³, is the quantity of units in one mole of any material (defined as its molecular weight in grams). Depending on the substance and the nature of the reaction, the units could be electrons, atoms, ions, or molecules.
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What volume of carbon dioxide (in L) will 2.00 g of antacid made of calcium carbonate produce at 37.0 °C and 1.00 atm in the stomach according to the following reaction?
CaCO₃ (s) + 2 HCl (aq) → CaCl₂ (aq) + H₂O (l) + CO₂ (g)
The volume of carbon dioxide (in L) that can be made from the 2.00 g of the antacid is 5.09 L
How to determine the volume of CO₂We'll beging by obtaining the mole of CO₂ produced. This can be obtained as follow:
Mass of CaCO₃ = 2 gMolar mass of CaCO₃ = 100 g/mole Mole of CaCO₃ = 2 / 100 = 0.02 moleCaCO₃ (s) + 2 HCl (aq) → CaCl₂ (aq) + H₂O (l) + CO₂ (g)
From the balanced equation above,
1 mole CaCO₃ reacted to produce 1 mole of CO₂.
Therefore,
0.02 mole CaCO₃ will also react to produce 0.02 mole of CO₂.
Finally, we shall determine the volume of the CO₂ produced. Details below.
Number of mole (n) = 0.02 moles Pressure (P) = 1 atm Temperature (T) = 37 °C = 37 + 273 = 310 KGas constant (R) = 0.0821 atm.L/Kmol Volume (V) =?PV = nRT
1 × V = 0.02 × 0.0821 × 310
V = 5.09 L
Thus, the volume obtained is 5.09 L
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What type of bond is formed between hydrogen and oxygen atoms within a water molecule?Ionic bondNonpolar covalent bondPolar covalent bondHydrogen bondWhich of the following best describes a solute that is dissolved in water?Aqueous solutionGaseous solutionAlloyHeterogeneous solution
To determine what type of bond is formed when hydrogen and oxygen form water, we have to find the difference in electronegativities of hydrogen and oxygen:
[tex]3.44-2.2=1.24[/tex]According to this, the difference between electronegativities is less than 1.7 and greater than 0.4, which means that the type of bond formed by oxygen and hydrogen is polar covalent bond.
Explain an element Magnesium would need to react with in order to attain a subscript of 3?
The chemical element which magnesium would combine with in order to attain a subscript of 3 is nitrogen which result in the formation magnesium nitride ( Mg₃N₂ )
How magnesium attains a subscript of 3Magnesium is a metallic element which belongs to group 2 and and has a valence electron of 2. This means that in an electrovalent combination, magnesium loses 2 valence electrons to nitrogen to become Mg2+ ion. To complete this bonding, nitrogen which has 5 valence electrons accepts 3 of Mg2+ ions in addition with with its two N3− ions to form magnesium nitride. When this happens, magnesium then attains a subscript of 3.
Magnesium nitride is an electovalent or ionic compound and the bond which exist in it is Ionic bond. It is used in the synthesis of ceramic substances.
So therefore, we can confirm from above that when magnesium reacts with nitrogen, it attains a subscript of 3.
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Nitrogen is the chemical element that magnesium would mix with to get a subscript of 3, leading to the production of magnesium nitride.
What are chemical elements?Chemical elements are defined as a type of atom, including the pure substance made entirely of that type, with a specific number of protons in its nucleus.
Magnesium is a metallic element with a valence electron number of 2, and it is a member of group 2. This indicates that magnesium loses two valence electrons to nitrogen in an electrovalent combination to form the Mg2+ ion. Nitrogen, which has five valence electrons, accepts three Mg2+ ions in addition to its two N3 ions to complete this bonding and create magnesium nitride. Magnesium then achieves a subscript of 3 when this occurs.
Thus, Nitrogen is the chemical element that magnesium would mix with to get a subscript of 3, leading to the production of magnesium nitride.
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A photon has a frequency of 3.16 * 10^7 Hz. Calculate its energy
If the photon has a frequency of 3.16 × 10 ⁷ Hz, then the energy of the the photon as per Planck's law would be 1.978× 10⁻²⁶ Joules
What is Wavelength?It can be understood in terms of the distance between any two similar successive points across any wave.
C = λν
As given in the problem we have to calculate the energy of the light if the frequency of light is 3.16 × 10 ⁷ Hz
The energy of the photon = h ν
= 6.26 × 10⁻³⁴ × 3.16 × 10 ⁷
= 1.978× 10⁻²⁶ Joules
Thus, If the photon has a frequency of 3.16 × 10 ⁷ Hz, then the energy of the the photon as per Planck's law would be 1.978× 10⁻²⁶ Joules.
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In which of the following atoms does a 3p electron experience the greatest effective nuclear charge?
Question options:
P
Cl
Si
Ar
Al
Answer:
Ci
Explanation:
because it is an electron effective nuclear charge
