An atmospheric layer of a specific gas provides shielding from harmful ultraviolet light from the sun, allowing life to thrive on earth. What gas makes up this layer?.

The vertical height of the marble when it comes to a stop before rolling back is 20 centimeters.

As per the Law of conservation of energy,

If there is no external force acting on the system, the energy will always remains the same at every point of the motion.

As, we can see, there is no external force on the marble,

Energy of the marble at start will be equal to energy of the marble at the vertical height

We can write,

Energy while rolling = Energy at the highest point

1/2MV² = MgH

Where,

M is the mass of the marble,

V is the velocity of the marble,

g is the acceleration due to gravity and,

H is vertical height of the marble.

So,

1/2MV² = MgH

1/2V² = gh

Putting all the values,

1/2(2)² = 10H

H = 4/20

H = 0.2 meters.

So, the vertical height of the marble is 20 cm.

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Answers:

Distance = 40 meters

Displacement = 0 meters

============================================

Reason:

The distance traveled is simply the sum of the two distances 20 and 20 to get 20+20 = 40. It's what anyone would expect when they ask "how far did the person travel in total?"

The displacement is the change in position from start to end. In this case, the student ends up back where they started, meaning no change has happened. If the teacher closed their eyes and opened them after the student gets back, then for all the teacher knows, the student hasn't moved at all.

Put another way, displacement tells us how far away the student has ended up compared to the start position. But since they went back to the start, no change has occurred.

Two protons and two neutrons are both present in the particle that an unstable nucleus releases.

The nuclear process known as  "alpha decay" results in the parent nucleus emitting an alpha particle. The alpha particle, represented by the Greek letter and physically similar to the helium atom's nucleus, is made up of two protons and two neutrons.

What statement about deterioration is true? It brings down the atomic number of the nuclide by 2. The daughter nuclide, which frequently doesn't undergo further decay since the parent nuclide is unstable, is created during radioactive decay.

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Answer:

the velocity of a ball at highest point is 8.5m/s

Explanation:

: The Freefall Problem

Xue,is standing on the roof of a building. Emily is standing below and tosses a ball straight upwards to Xue. It travels up past

Xue, comes back down and Xue reaches out and catches it. Xue catches the ball 6.0 m above Emily’s hands. The ball was

travelling at 12.0 m/s upwards the moment it left Emily’s hand. We would like to know how much time this trip takes.

1. Represent. Complete part A below. Indicate the y-origin for position measurements and draw a sign convention where

upwards is positive. Label the important events.

2. Represent. Complete part C below. Make sure the two graphs line-up vertically. Draw a single dotted vertical line

through the graphs indicating the moment when the ball is at its highest.

A: Pictorial Representation

Sketch, coordinate system, label givens, conversions, describe events

Event 1:

Event 2:

Event 3:

C: Physics Representation

Motion diagram, motion graphs, key events

The total length of the path traveled by an object is the distance. The change in position, from one event to another is the

displacement. Distance is a scalar quantity and displacement is a vector quantity.

3. Reason. Explain why this in this example it is relatively easy to find the displacement, but harder to find the distance.

4. Reason. The BIG 5 equations are valid for any interval of motion where the acceleration is uniform. Does the ball

accelerate uniformly during events 1 and 3? Explain D: Mathematical Representation

Describe steps, complete equations, substitutions with final statement isThere are multiple ways of solving…one

will require the use of the quadratic formula.

The other way will take additional steps.

x = -b+-under root b^2-4ac/2a

With 1 scoop of flour, Olivia can bake 15 biscuits if the the equation that shows the relation between number of biscuits and amount of flour is c = 15f.

c = 15 f

c = Number of biscuits

f = Number of scoops of flour

f = 1

c = 15 * 1

c = 15

This equation shows that number of biscuits that can be made is 15 times the number of scoops of flour. So if the number of scoops of flour is 1, the number of biscuits that can be made is 15.

Therefore, with 1 scoop of flour, Olivia can bake 15 biscuits

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Measures the diameter of a shotgun's barrel in terms of the quantity of lead balls needed to make the bore weigh one pound (12 gauge is the diameter of a lead ball weighing one-twelfth of a pound).

A shotgun has many projectile properties while a rifle only comes with one. Shotguns are helpful at close ranges when rifles are useful at a distance. Shotguns only have a front sight, whereas rifles have both front and rear sights.

Rifles are typically a little noisier than shotguns. Analyzing test results reveals that shotguns and rifles have decibel levels that are comparable. The typical decibel range

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The minimum distance such that the grocery bag does not slide off when the brake force applied is 25.43 m

The grocery bag will start to slide off if the force exerted by the brake is equal to the maximum static friction force.

Let:

Fs = static friction force

F = force exerted by the brake

m = mass of the grocery bag

v = velocity

μs = static coefficients of friction

g = gravitational acceleration = 9.8 m/s²

Then,

Fs = - μs . m. g

F = m . a

Fs = F

- μs . m. g = m . a

a = μs .  g = 0.65 . 9.8 = - 6.37 m/s²

With this deceleration, the distance (s) will be:

v² = u² + 2 . a. s

Where v = 0 (since vehicle stops), u = 18 m/s

0 = 18² + 2 . (- 6.37 ) . s

s = 25.43 m

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If two covalently bonded atoms move closer than a distance of the bond length, the potential energy of the atoms increases

Stronger bonds have lower potential energy than weaker ones. The weaker connection has a higher potential energy. Ionic bonds are stronger than covalent ones, hence covalent bonds have higher potential energy.

The tremendous repulsive interactions between the positively charged nuclei of the bound atoms cause the energy of the system to dramatically rise if the atoms move closer to one another than the ideal bond distance.

If there is an attractive force between the two, the potential energy will rise with more separation, but if there is a repulsive force, the potential energy will fall with greater separation.

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The wavelength released during photoelectric effect is 353 nm.

We need to know about the photoelectric effect to solve this problem. The photoelectric effect is electron ejected from metal because of light source. The kinetic energy of the ejected electron is

K = (hc / λ) - (hc /λo)

where K is kinetic energy, h is Max Planck constant (6.6 x 10¯³⁴ Js), λ is the wavelength of light source and λo is the wavelength released from the metal.

From the question above, we know that

λ = 257 nm = 257 x 10¯⁹ m

c = 3 x 10⁸ m/s

v = 6.8 x 10⁵ m/s

me = 9.1 × 10¯³¹ kg

Find the wavelength released

K = hc . (1/λ - 1/λo)

1/2 . me .v² = 6.6 x 10¯³⁴ x  3 x 10⁸ . (1/257 x 10¯⁹ - 1/λo)

1/2 . 9.1 × 10¯³¹ . (6.8 x 10⁵)² = 6.6 x 10¯³⁴ x  3 x 10⁸ . (1/257 x 10¯⁹ - 1/λo)

2.10 x 10¯¹⁹ = 1.98 x 10¯²⁵ . (1/257 x 10¯⁹ - 1/λo)

2.10 x 10¯¹⁹ = (7.70 x 10¯¹⁹) - (1.98 x 10¯²⁵ / λo)

(1.98 x 10¯²⁵ / λo) = 5.60 x 10¯¹⁹

λo = 0.353 x 10¯⁶ m

λo = 353 nm

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The acceleration of the plane is:  -5.59 m/s²

The formula for uniformly varied rectilinear motion (UVRM) and procedure that we will use to solve this exercise is:

a = (vf - vi) /t

Where:

Information about the problem:

Applying the acceleration formula we have:

a = (vf - vi) /t

a = (0 m/s - 43.0 m/s) /7.69 s

a = (-43.0 m/s) /7.69 s

a =  -5.59 m/s²

It is a physical quantity that indicates the variation of velocity as a function of time, it is expressed in units of distance per time squared e.g.: m/sec2 ; km/h2

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A 10 kg box is pulled across a level floor, where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.35. The horizontal force is required for an acceleration of 2.0 m/s2 will be 54.3 N

Newton’s second law states that the acceleration of an object depends upon two variables – the net force acting on the object and the mass of the object.  The acceleration of the body is directly proportional to the net force acting on the body and inversely proportional to the mass of the body.

equation of motion will be

F(net) =  mass * acceleration

F - fr = m * a

where

F = force by which the box is moving

fr = force due to friction

m = mass of the object

a = acceleration by the object is moving

F = fr + m * a

  = (mu * N) + ma                                          where N = mg

  = (mu * mg) + ma

  = (0.35 * 10 * 9.8) + 10 * 2

  = 54.3 N

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An elliptical galaxy is a galaxy with an elliptical outline and a smooth distribution of brightness (no spiral arms).

In the field of astronomical physics, we can describe elliptical galaxies as stretched galaxies that have an elliptical outline. This type of galaxy is usually made through old stars and has an even, smooth distribution of light.

Although the elliptical galaxies are not a major part of the universe they make up 10–15% in the Virgo Supercluster.

As the elliptical galaxy is made from broken stars, their size may vary from being a dwarf elliptical to a supergiant.

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The direction of the velocity of the clod of dirt relative to the truck just before it hits is in the same direction as that of the truck.

The direction of the velocity of the clod of dirt relative to the ground just before it hits is in the opposite direction as that of the ground.

The relative velocity of an object in motion is the velocity of that object when viewed from a reference point.

The direction of the velocity of the clod of dirt before it hits the ground is in the same direction as that of the truck.

However, compared to the ground, the direction of the relative velocity is in the opposite direction.

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110.53m/s  is the minimum initial speed or initial velocity needed for such a shot.

The lowest speed at which a particular range is attained is determined. It is stated the distance that the pumpkins were hurled. By inserting the range of the pumpkin and the acceleration owing to gravity, the minimal velocity at which they were launched to go this distance was determined.

[tex]R=u_m^2/g[/tex]

[tex]1245.41m=(u_m^2/9.80m/s^2[/tex]

[tex]u_m^2=12217.47[/tex]

[tex]u_m=110.53m/s[/tex]

Any object susceptible to forces will move more quickly. This acceleration causes a change in the object's velocity. The speed of the item prior to the change brought on by acceleration is therefore known as the initial velocity. The speed will be the final speed once the object has been accelerating for some time.

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Given a constant speed, the centripetal acceleration of an item travelling in a circle is inversely proportional to the radius of the curve (a=v2/r).

As a result, the acceleration is smaller for a gradual curve with a large radius and greater for a sharp curve with a short radius.

The speed at which a body rotates around a circle is known as centripetal acceleration. When a body moves in a circle, its d is equal to its velocity since velocity is a vector quantity (i.e., it has both a magnitude, the speed, and a direction)  direction is continually changing, which causes a change in velocity, which results in an acceleration.

The acceleration is brought about by a force that is focused at the, It is referred to as a centripetal force.

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Velocity can be defined as the rate at which something moves in a specific direction.as the speed of a car driving north on a highway or the pace at which a rocket takes off.Because the velocity vector is scalar, its absolute value magnitude will always equal the motion's speed.

Solve the problem ?

V(m1 + m2) = m1u1 + m2u2.

0.3 * 12.0 + 0.7 * 10.4 = V(3.0 + 7.28)

3.0+ 7.28 = V(1) (1)

10.28 = V

The 0.3 mass and 0.7 kg mass are added to create the 1 kg mass

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The 0.3 mass and 0.7 kg mass are added to create the 1 kg mass.

V(m1 + m2) = m1u1 + m2u2.

0.3 * 12.0 + 0.7 * 10.4 = V(3.0 + 7.28)

3.0+ 7.28 = V(1) (1)

10.28 = V

The 0.3 mass and 0.7 kg mass are added to create the 1 kg mass.

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The larger the velocity changes measured for the planet, the larger will be the mass of the star and smaller will be the orbit's radius.

v = √ ( G M / r )

v = Orbital velocity

G = Gravitational constant

M = Mass of the central body

r = Radius of orbit

v ∝ √ M

v ∝ 1 / √ r

From the above equation is is clear that velocity of the planet increases with the increase of star's mass and increases with the decrease of planet's orbital radius.

Therefore, the larger the velocity changes measured for the star, the larger will be the mass of the star and smaller will be the orbit's radius.

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The material that finally worked in developing the light bulb is

Carbonized cardboard/ filament.

The formation of the light bulb was an important contribution to physics and mankind. However, various experiments were conducted in different labs to produce a light bulb.

The scientists of the olden times were having trouble in finding a material that could burn for a long and not have such a short lifespan.

It was the lab in which Thomas Edison worked that first used carbonized carbon filament in the light bulb. Their research proved to be a breakthrough because carbon filaments have a longer lifespan and burned effectively when electricity was provided.

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Answer:

b

Explanation:

For C scale  , water freezes at 0 and boils at 100 C

Scientists suspect that mars once had abundant liquid water on its surface. For this to have been true, early mars must have had a significantly greater atmospheric pressure and a far bigger greenhouse impact than mars today

The greenhouse effect describes how "greenhouse gases" trap heat at the Earth's surface. These heat-trapping gases act like a blanket wrapped around Earth, keeping it warmer than it would be without them. Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxides, and water vapor are examples of greenhouse gases. Scientists have discovered that the warming effect of carbon dioxide aids in the stabilization of the Earth's atmosphere. The terrestrial greenhouse effect would collapse if carbon dioxide were removed. Without CO2, the Earth's surface would be 33°C (59°F) colder.

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The Angular velocity is 54.55 rad/s

What is angular velocity?
The rate at which an angle between two bodies changes is known as angular velocity. Something changes when an object rotates or revolves around an axis. This displacement is depicted in the image by the angle formed by a line on just one body and a line on the other. Technical terms like degrees, 360-degree revolutions, as well as revolutions per minute have been frequently used to describe angles or angular displacements (rpm). Angles and angular velocities are typically expressed in radians as well as radians per second, respectively, in mathematics and physics.

These conversion factors link these measurements together:
A radian equals 1/180 (or 0.0175) of a degree, and a radian per second = 1/30 (or 0.105) of a radian.
Angular velocity W= U/r
Given V= 30m/s ; r=0.55mW=3/0.55 = 54.55 rad/s

Hence the answer is 54.55 rad/s

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The importance of the pressure t exerted via the string connecting the bins evaluate to the value f is T< f.

A force is a power that can trade the movement of an object. A force can encourage an item with mass to exchange its tempo, i.e., to boost up. stress can also be described intuitively as a push or a pull. A strain has both importance and path, making it a vector quantity.

considering both masses together

The acceleration of the system = a

a = f/m+m = f/2m

Now, considering one mass towards left m

T = ma

T = (f/2m)

m = f/2

T = f/2

T<f

Therefore, T must have a magnitude less than f.

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Answer:

C)  Total displacement = 1275 m or 1.275 km

Explanation:

We'll break this into two parts:  

1) Displacement during constant speed, and

2) Displacement during the acceleration phase.

Constant Speed

The displacement for this segment is already stated:  1 km.  But the information includes the time, which will allow us to calculate the speed of travel.  We'll need this for the next phase of acceleration.

Distance = Speed x Time

Speed = Distance/Time

Time = 1 minute + 20 sec, or 80 sec.

Speed = 1 km/80 sec

Speed = 0.0125 km/sec

Since we'll be using meters (not km) in the next step, convert 0.0125 km/sec to m/sec with a conversion factor:  

  (0.0125 km/sec)*(1000m/1 km) = 12.5 m/sec

Acceleration Phase

The obect is moving at a speed of 12.5 m/sec (from above) and then accelerates at a rate of 0.125 m/sec^2 for 20 seconds.

The distance (s) an object travels during this acceleration (a) is gven by:

  s = vi*t + (1/2)a*t^2,

where vi is the initial velocity (12.5 m/sec in this case), a is the acceleration (0.125 m/sec^2), and t is the time (20 seconds).

s = (12.5 m/sec)(20 sec) + (1/2)(0.125 m/sec^2)*(20 sec)^2

s = 275 meters

Now add the two distances:

1) Constant Speed Phase = 1000 m

2)  Acceleration Phase    =  275 m

Total displacement = 1275 m or 1.275 km

The value of electric field is 2.247 V/m. Yes, the observed value and calculated values of electric field match.

The electric field will be calculated using the formula -

E = kq/r². In this formula, E stands for electric field, k represents constant of proportionality, q is the charge of electron and r is the distance. As per the known fact, the value of k is 8.89×10⁹ N m²/C² and value of q is 1.6×[tex] {10}^{ - 19} [/tex] C.

Keep the values in formula for calculation of electric field.

E = (8.89×10⁹ × 1.6×[tex] {10}^{ - 19} [/tex])/2²

Taking square in denominator

E = (8.89×10⁹ × 1.6×[tex] {10}^{ - 19} [/tex])/4

Performing multiplication and division

E = 2.247 V/m

Thus, the observed and calculated electric field is 2.247 V/m, which is equal in both the cases.

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The complete question is attached in the diagram.

If we rearrange the circuit so that the inductor and capacitor were connected in series,the impedance would be  Decreased and the resonant frequency would be unchanged.

What is capacitor ?

Frequency is the rate at which something occurs over a particular period of time or in a given sample.

Sol-An LC circuit is made up of an inductor (L) and a capacitor (C). At the resonance condition of the LC circuit, the inductive reactance XL. becomes equal to the capacitive reactance Xc.

It is defined as-

XL= 2πfL

Xc= 1/2πfC

So when reactances are equal we have-

XL=Xc

2πfL= 1/2πfC

f^2=1/4π^2LC

f=1/2π√LC

The resonance condition is the same for both the parallel and series LC circuit, so the resonance frequency will not change.

The impedance of a parallel LC circuit is:

Z(w)= jL w^2-w^2•/w

In a series LC circuit, when w

, the impedance becomes equal to 0.

Therefore the impedance of a series LC circuit will decrease and the resonant frequency will remain the same.

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Yes , Astronomer Edwin Hubble was able to determine the distance .

What is Shapley-Curtis debate ?

The dispute between Shapley and Curtis centered on the existence of other galaxies, with Curtis asserting the existence of other galaxies and Shapley asserting that the other nebulae observed were part of the Milky Way. The argument came to a final conclusion when Hubble was able to show that the Andromeda galaxy is over a million light years away and not part of our galaxy. We were able to determine the distance to a variable star in the Andromeda galaxy more than a year away.

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The energy loss can increase or decrease.

In modern houses and systems, insulation is created to maintain heat and reduce losses.

P = ( AΔT ) / R

P is the heat flow, A is the insulated area, T is the temperature difference, and R represents the correlation between the insulation's thermal conductivity and thickness.

In this instance, they suggest that both the flow and the isolated area are growing. We have numerous options.

In this instance, the flow grows faster than the isolated area, increasing heat loss.

The quantity of insulation needed to increase (R) will cause the heat flow to grow by the same amount as the isolated area while keeping losses constant

Losses will reduce if the rate of heat transfer increases more slowly than the area that is insulated.

The two rises in this instance suggest that the heat requests may increase or decrease.

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According to the research, the correct option is true. The statement "Pushing or pulling an object that is not already moving can make that object start to move" is true.

It is about the change of position starting from a reference system from which it is observed that an object experiences.

In this sense, it is related to the displacement of a body and is produced by an imbalance between the forces that act on it, that is, the application of a force modifies the state of rest or the direction of movement.

Therefore, we can conclude that motion is the state of bodies when they change position caused by an effect acting on the bodies called force.

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The ratio of the heads of arkansas' reservoir to west virginia's reservoir is 1813 : 1120

Consider the West virginia reservoir,

To calculate the head of the virginia reservoir, we will use

φ = P / nρgh                      ...(1)

where φ is the flow rate, P is the power generated, n is efficiency, ρ is the density of water, g is the acceleration due to gravity and h is the head.

Given that flow rate is 7 m/s, power generated is 12 mw, 80% is the efficiency.

We know that density of water is 1000 [tex]kg/m^{3}[/tex] and  acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]

By using equation (1)

h = P / φnρg

h = [tex]\frac{12}{7 * \frac{80}{100} * 1000*9.8 }[/tex]

h = 13440

Similarly, the head of the arkansas reservoir will be

Given that flow rate is 3 m/s, power generated is 9 mw, 74% is the efficiency.

h = P / φnρg

h = [tex]\frac{9}{3 * \frac{74}{100} * 1000*9.8 }[/tex]

h = 21756

Now, the ratio of the heads of arkansas' reservoir to west virginia's reservoir is

= (heads of arkansas) / (head of the virginia)

= 21756 / 13440

= 1813 : 1120

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The time period is 3.3 s, frequency is 0.303 Hz, amplitude is 0.25 m, and maximum speed is 0.47575 m/s.

Based on the given information,

• The air-track glider connected with a spring oscillates between the 10 cm mark and the 60 cm mark.  

• In 33 seconds, the glider completes 10 oscillations.  

Here we have to find the period, frequency,amplitude and maximum speed of glider.

The time period of one oscillation is 33s/10 = 3.3s

The frequency f is the reciprocal of the time period.

f= 1/T =1/3.3 S = 0.303 Hz

The amplitude A is

A = 1/2 (60cm - 10cm)

= 25cm

Maximum speed of glider is

V max = 2π/t (0.25m)

V max = 0.47575m/s

Thus,  time period is 3.3 s, frequency is 0.303 Hz, amplitude is 0.25 m, and maximum speed is 0.47575 m/s.

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